TIME ALLOWED: THREE HOURS
PART - I (MCQs): MAXIMUM 30 MINUTES
PART - I (MCQs): MAXIMUM MARKS = 20
PART - II MAXIMUM MARKS = 80

NOTE:
(i) Part - II is to be attempted on the separate Answer Book.
(ii) Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART - II. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.
(iii) All the parts (if any) of each Question must be attempted at one place instead of at different places.
(iv) Candidate must write Q. No. in the Answer Book in Accordance with Q. No. in the Q. Paper.
(v) No Page / Space be left blank between the answers. All the blank pages of Answer Book must be crossed.
(iv) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered.



Q. 2 (A) Nature and character of state of Pakistan has been under discussion since long. Some people voice for its theocratic nature. Others argue it as democratic nature and some say that religion be kept separated from the state functioning. In this backdrop, elaborate ideas of Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah on the following:
(1) Quaid's Vision of an Islamic Society.
(2) State's Constitution and System of Government in Pakistan.
(3) Protection of non-Muslims, their rights and obligations.

(B) What are your views on State and Society of Pakistan in relation with Quaid-e-Azam's ideas on our system of governance?


Q. 3 (A) Economics forms the basis of al human developments. The growing concern at present is increasing poverty in South Asia. There is a class of scholars who feel that 'Top-down Approach' has not worked well in South Asian Countries. They find 'Economic Democracy through Pro-Poor Growth' a solution to poverty. Under this concept of economic development, explain the following:
(1) Definition and concept of 'Economic Democracy through Pro-Poor Growth'.
(2) Implementation modalities of 'Pro-poor Growth' especially in Pakistan.

(B) If you are given the project of developing a strategy on 'Pro-Poor Growth' for Pakistan, what would be your main considerations for a workable plan.


Q. 4 (A) Constitution of Pakistan provides guiding principles for establishing state system and governance rules. In the light of this briefly explain the following:
(1) Name of the Republic and its Territories
(2) Rights of individuals and their constitutional obligations.
(3) Freedom of trade and business.

(B) To what extent, you find our society is aware of the constitutional obligations with respect to taxation and freedom of Speech. Are you satisfied over the present level of societal awareness? Give your comments in either case.


Q. 5 (A) Concept of governance stems from the basic idea of formal orchestration of material and human resource for a prosperous and harmonious society. How do you look at some of its fundamentals as given below:
(1) Accountability; elaborate its concept and kinds.
(2) Ethnonationalism; define it with an example.
(3) Hybrid organization; define its value addition to governance
(4) Action research; how does it contribute to governance?

(B) Keeping in mind socio-economic makeup of our society, what kind of plan would you suggest for substantial and objective improvements in governance?


Q. 6 (A) Islam is first and the foremost in ethical and practical relationship of mankind with the surroundings for benefiting humanity. Elaborate following in this regards:
(1) Status of man as custodian of governance in a state system.
(2) Relationship of state and society
(3) Concept of 'Shura' or 'Constitution'

(B) Where do you find our existing system of governance in Pakistan in congruence and conflict with the Islamic concept? Give your suggestions in case of conflict.


Q. 7 (A) Our bureaucracy is perceived to be the extension of 'Royal Civil Services' (Steel Frame of British Empire). Do you agree with this notion? Give reasons in either case. Also elaborate the following:
(1) Concept of bureaucracy; Max Weber School of Thought
(2) Reforms in bureaucracy of Pakistan; give only brief highlights.
(3) Major/visible contributions of bureaucracy in providing good governance.
(4) Shortfalls / areas of improvement, your personal perspective.

(B) Comment on the restructuring of civil bureaucracy undertaken under devolution of power during Mr. Musharraf's regime.


Q. 8 (A) Write short notes on any Three of the following:
(1) Distinctive features of 'Efficient Governance' and 'Effective Governance'.
(2) Rational Choice Theory of Governance
(3) Indications of good and bad governance.
(4) Public policy making process with special reference to Pakistan
(5) Merits and demerits of 'Local Governments' in Pakistan's perspective.

(B) Public-Private Partnership is considered a mode of fat paced developments. However, it has not been very successful in Pakistan. What measures would you recommend to improve upon the existing status?