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Old Tuesday, October 13, 2009
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Muhammad Ali Awan Muhammad Ali Awan is offline
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Default Diplomacy:-

Diplomacy:-

Art of conducting relationships for gain without conflict. It is the chief instrument of foreign policy. Its methods include secret negotiation by accredited envoys (though political leaders also negotiate) and international agreements and laws. Its use predates recorded history. The goal of diplomacy is to further the state's interests as dictated by geography, history, and economics. Safeguarding the state's independence, security, and integrity is of prime importance; preserving the widest possible freedom of action for the state is nearly as important. Beyond that, diplomacy seeks maximum national advantage without using force and preferably without causing resentment.

Objectives:

Diplomacy is an important means by which sates execute policies. It is largely designed to enable states to secure the objective of their foreign policies by interacting with the other states preferably without a resort to force in war. The main purpose of this course is to acquaint the students not only about the linkage between foreign policy and diplomacy of a country but also to teach them about the means and methods of achieving the aims and objectives of foreign policy through various kinds of diplomacy. In addition, important matters related to diplomacy will be covered in the course in its theoretical and applied dimensions.

Types of Diplomacy:
Old versus New Diplomacy; Open versus Secret, Formal versus Informal

Kinds of Diplomacy:
Summit Diplomacy, Conference Diplomacy, Preventive Diplomacy, Quiet/Silent Diplomacy, Gunboat Diplomacy, Islamic Approach to Diplomacy

Multi-track Diplomacy

Modes of Diplomacy:
Unilateral, Bilateral, and Multilateral.

Informal Channels of Diplomacy:
Media and NGOs

SEE ALSO:-

Track I Diplomacy:-
Actors:-Official Representatives, Governments, Multi-national Organizations, Elites, Adversarial Leaders
Methods:-Positive or Negative Incentives, Mediation, Political or Economic Support
Stages of Conflict:-Present in all stages but of particular importance during Peacemaking and Peacekeeping when official actors determine cease-fires, peace accords and terms to negotiated agreements.
Track-II Diplomacy:-
Actors:-Unofficial Representatives, Nongovernmental Organizations, Regional and Local Leaders, Grassroots Groups
Methods:-Back-channel Discussions,
Education Programs Workshops, Grassroots Reconciliation
Stages of Conflict:- Present in all stages but of particular importance during Conflict Prevention and Peacebuilding when local and regional actors can detect early warning signs of violence and can help foster personal reconciliation Techniques between adversarial parties.

BACK CHANNEL DIPLOMACY:-
A back channel diplomacy is an unofficial channel of communication between states or other political entities, used to supplement official channels, often for the purposes of discussing highly sensitive policy issues.

PING PONG DIPLOMACY:-
Ping Pong Diplomacy refers to the exchange of ping pong players of the United States and People's Republic of China (PRC) in the 1970s. The event marked a thaw in U.S.–China relations that paved the way to a visit to Beijing by President Richard Nixon
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