BOTANY
( PAPER II )
PHYSIOLOGY
• What is
photophosphorylation? Describe the cyclic and non-cyclic photophosphorylation ? also draw the figure .
( 2006 ) ( 2009 ) ( 2008 )
• Discuss role of light and transformation of carbon dioxide in
PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
( 2005 )
• Write a concise account of the mechanism of
transportation and its
significance to plants.
( 2007 )
• Note on
OSMOSIS.
( 2005 )
• Enlist the
essential plant mineral elements.
Discuss the uptake of phosphorous and its role in plant metabolism ?
( 2009 )
• Discuss the uptake and role of
Nitrogen and
Phosphorous in green
plants.
( 2006 )
• How would you determine whether a plant nutrient is essential or non
essential?
( 2006 )
• Define
RESPIRATION . whats meant by
respiratory quotient .
( 2005 )
• What are
enzymes? Discuss the chemical
nature and mechanism of enzyme action ?
( 2009 )
• What is
PHOTOPERIODISM . Give an
account of photoperiodic induction and its possible mechanism.
( 2009 ) ( 2007 )
Following are short notes of either 5 or 10 marks .
• Note on
VERNALIZATION and write its
significance.
( 2009 ) ( 2006 ) ( 2005 )
• What is
dormancy and what are methods to
break it ?
( 2005 )
• What are
plant growth hormones.
( 2006 ) ( 2008 ) ( 2005 )
• Discuss role of
Cytokinins in plants .
( 2006 )
• Discuss role of
Auxins in plant growth.
( 2008 )
• Discuss role of
ethylene in fruit ripening ?
( 2008 )
• Discuss process of
CO₂ fixation in C₃ AND C₄ plants . ( how does the process differs in both kind of plants )
( 2006 ) ( 2008 )
• Wite note on T
CA Cycle .
( 2008 )
• Draw Z Scheme of Photosynthesis .
( 2008 )
• Write note on
Micronutrients .
( 2008 )
• Write note on mechanism of Enzyme action 4 .
( 2008 )
• Note
Glycolysis .
( 2006 )
• Note on Ammonia assimilation in plants.
( 2006 )
ECOLOGY
• Define
ecology, describe applications
of ecology in detail.
( 2007 ) ( 2005 )
• Write an essay on the role of climatic and edaphic factors on plant
growth.
( 2009 )
• Discuss the problem of
water logging and
salinity. Also suggest important methods for the reclamation of water logged and saline soils ( especially with reference to Pakistani soils )
( 2006 )
( 2009 ) ( 2005 )
• What is
Soil Erosion. What are its causes
and how it can be
controlled ?
( 2005 )
• Discuss the
role of water in plants.
( 2009 )
• Explain the
concepts and productivity of ecosystems.
( 2009 )
• Describe
Plant Succession and discuss plant
succession starting in lake .
( 2008 ) ( 2007 ) ( 2005 )
• Give a detailed account of different xerophytes and their
morphological and physiological adaptation.
( 2007 )
• Enlist the major sources of air, water and soil pollution.
( 2006 )
•
Envoirnmental pollution is result of
Urbanization and industrialization.
Comment on it.
( 2005 )
Following are short notes of either 5 or 10 marks.
• Note on
Soil Texture. ( 2008 ) ( 2006 )
• Note on
Food Chain.
( 2008 )
• Note on
Food Web. ( 2005 )
• Note on
AIR pollution. ( 2008 )
• Note on
Eergy flow in ecosysytem .
( 2008 ) ( 2006 )
• Note on
natural resources . { of Pakistan
( 2005 ) }
( 2008 )
• Note on
Climate zones .
( 2008 )
CYTOLOGY
• Describe the ultrastructure of
chloroplasts ?
( 2009 )
• Differentiate between
mitosis and meiosis.
Write a concise account of meiosis and its significance.
( 2007 )
• Significane of
MEIOSIS .
( 2009 ) ( 2007 ) ( 2006 )
• Describe
A : ultra structure of
MITOCHONDRIA
B : enlist Functions of mitochondria.
C : write about Evolution of mitochondria .
( 2008 )
• Describe structure and function of following cell organelles and draw
diagrams
a : Mitochondria
b : Cell Wall
c : Endoplasmic Reticulum
d : Gogibodies.
e : Ribosomes.
( 2008 )
• What are
mutations? Give a critical account
of various types of
mutations.
( 2007 )( 2005 )
GENETICS
• Note on Biochemical nature of hereditary material.
( 2009 )
• Note on
Sex linked genes.
( 2009 )
• what do you know about
linkage and crossing over.
( 2006 ) ( 2005 )
• Note on
Transduction .
( 2009 )
• Note on
Genetic code .
( 2006 )
• Note on
Polyploidy and write its importance .
( 2006 ) ( 2005 )
• Write the basis of
Law of Independent Assortment
and law of Segregation presented by Gregor Mendle .
( 2008 )
• Wrie the characteristics of model plant organism to study the
genetics .
( 2008 )
EVOLUTION
• Describe in details the
different theories of
evolution. Also discuss
the merits and demerits of these theories. { Which theory you think
explains the best process of evolution and why? }
( 2007 )( 2009 ) ( 2006 )
• What do u know about
Theory of Natural Selection .
( 2005 )
• Write a note on
adaptive mutation. ( 2007 ) ( 2006 )
P.S : questions have been complied from papers of last 5 yrs.