@ Maha

Nature of Islamic State

It may be pointed out at the very outset that the basic and the foremost social and collective ideal Islam stands for is the establishment of an Ummah or the ideal Muslim community which is the upholder of the vicegerent's of the Creator on the earth.Proclaiming the establishment and the inauguration of such an Ummah, the Quran declares:

"Thus we have you an Ummah justly balanced so taht might be witness over the mankind and the Prophet (SAW) might be a witness over yourselves."(Quran, 2:143)

Another occasion,the Quran reports that Prophets Ibrahim and Ismail, while busy in the construction of the Ka 'bah, prayed to the Almighty in these words:

"Our Lord! make of us Muslims bowing to Thy (Will), and create out of our progeny an Ummah which is submissive to Thee, and show us our places for the celebrations of our rites and turn unto us in mercy: For Thou at the Oft-Returning (with forgiveness) and most Merciful"(Quran, 2:128)

It is clearly show from the above example that two celebrated Prophets of Allah Almighty wished for the emergence of an Ummah which might not necessarily be holder of any political power, because no reference has been made.
So it is clear that the basic social and collective ideal of Islam is the establishment of the Ummah rather than the state.State is necessary only to safeguard the Ummah and for the proper and smooth execution of its collective responsibilities.

Islamic society: the Ummah

The foundations of human society, according to islam, have been laid on two basics principles: Unity of God (Wahdat ihah) and the unity of mankind (Wahdat Adam). The first unity is, infact, the cause of the latter. All mankind constitute a single family because they are servants and creatures of only one single God who has created the first family that came into existence on earth, according to Quran the first family was "submissive"to God; hence it was a Muslim Family, a muslim community------Ummah.

The Islamic State : Khilafah

Definition of Khilafah

Generally Muslim scholars and particularly Muslim Jurists have discussed the Khilafah from various perspectives, philosophical, political,juristic, ethical etc.
According to Shah Wali Ullah, Khilafat is "the general authority exercised on behalf of the Holy Prophet (SAW) for the establishment of the Din through the revival of religious sciences, established of the pillars of Islam, carrying out the jihad and what pertains to it of organizing the armies and paying the salaries and allocating funds to the soldiers and allocating funds to them, administration of justice, implementation of Hudud, elimination of injustice, enjoining the Good and forbidding the Evil"

Fundamental Principles of an Islamic State

1. Divine Sovereignty

2. Divine Vicegerency

3. Popular Vicegerency

4. Supermacy of the Shariah

5. Rule of the Best: Men-in-Authority to be the best among the Ummah.


Source: State And Legislation in Islam by Mehmood Ahmed Ghazi

Actually lite is abt to ago so I have summerise what u have asked if you have more queries i can answer you


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