Guys, its efficient to practice our direct indirect speech on forum together, instead of doing it alone. we can correct each other.
I will discuss all the cases of direct/indirect speech. If am wrong somewhere, please do correct me.
We shall also practice them extensively to lock our 5 scores in this section
cheers!
1. Very basic type of change of narration, where three kinds of changes are made;
a. Removal of inverted commas (" ")
b. Change of Persons (that is I to may be he/she, We to They etc.)
c. Change of tense
2. changing the Reported speech (the one inside the commas) of Direct narration into indirect/or indirect narration into direct form is the major area where "rocket science" applies.
The reported speech has Declarative(can be positive or negative), Interrogative, Imperative, or Exclamatory types of sentence and each type has its own cases and rules.
Declarative sentences:
This type of sentences may be affirmative or negative. It is the easiest of all. The only thing to be bothered about is 'change of tense'. I will post all the rules of 'change of tense' tomorrow. Right now, let's bring out the declarative sentences from past papers and let's solve them out.
I will start with 2010's declarative sentences; notice the change made in tense.
1) On Monday he said, "My son
is coming today."
He said on Monday that his son
was coming that day. ('today' is always changed to 'that day', if the reported speech is in past tense)
4) 'By God', he said, "I
do not know her nickname."
He swore by God that he
did not know her nickname.
(One thing is clear here that it is always SWEAR BY GOD, never upon God or other ways around, Hence never be confused about this anymore in Correction of Sentences part)
5) He says that
we are to meet
him at the station. (this is indirect narration, let's change it to direct)
He says
to us, "You have to meet
me at the station."
to us (to us is used because 'we' are to meet him
)
Change in person: 'him' is changed to 'me', because he is asking us to meet 'him' at the station. yahan pe yeh bat aham hai k zaruri nahi hum isko me main change krain because ho sakta hai koi or person ho jo hamain kisi or se milne ka kah raha hai, is case main 'him' will not be changed.)
6) He said, "I
don't know the way. Ask the old man sitting on the gate."
He said that he
didn't know the way
and asked me to ask the old man sitting on the gate.
'and' is used to separate because the two sentences in the reported speech.'me' is assumed that he was talking to me.
7) My father prayed that I would recover from my illness.
My father said to me, "May you recover."