S
Safe mode : Way of running Windows with many special hardware drivers disabled, to work around problems with improperly installed hardware or software.
SATA ( Serial Advance Technology Attachment ) : Hard Disk interface that uses serial signals to transfer data , instruction and information and has transfer rate upto 300 MBps and Higher .
Save : To store a program or data on a storage device such as a disk from computer's main memory .
Scanner : An input device that reads the printed text, graphics and then translate the result into form the computer can process .
Screen dump : A printout of what is displayed on the screen.
Screen saver : A program that changes the screen display while the user is away from the computer or if no mouse activity occurs for a specific time;used primarily for esthetic purposes.
Scroll : Process of moving information horizontally or vertically on a display screen so that one can see parts of a document that is too wide or too deep to fit entirely on one screen.
Scroll bar : An onscreen element that allows a user to scroll by using a mouse.
Search : Feature that allows user to locate all occurance of a certain word ,character or a phrase.
Search and replace : A command that directs the program to locate a character string or information wherever it occurs in a document and replace this material with new information.
Search engine : Program that looks and finds information ,websites, web pages,images,viedos, news and other information related to specific topic on the Internet, helps Web users to locate data by means of a keyword or concept ,most popular search engines are Google, Yahoo!, Excite, WebCrawler, and AltaVista.
Search Text : Word or phrase entered in a search engine's text box that describe that data or information user wants to find.
Sector : Smallest organized unit of data on a hard disk; small arcs into which tracks on disk are didvided.
Secure Digital (SD) : Type of miniature mobile storage medium that is a flash memoer card capable of storing between 64 MB to 8 GB of data.
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) : Technology that encrypts, or encodes, information that is sent from browser to a Web server.
Seek Time : Average time taken by a disk drive to move from one track to another.
Sequential Access :Type of data access in which the storage device read/write data consecutively.
Serial Port : Type of interface that connects a device to the system unit by transmitting data one bit at a time.
Server : A computer that delivers data to other computers (clients) linked on the same network and control the access to hardware , software and other resouces on a network; provide centralized storage area for programs, data and information.
Service pack : Free downloadable updates to software released by the software manufacturer.
Shareware : Copyrighted Software that may be downloaded and distributed initially without charge for a trial period; the author may subsequently ask for some payment.
Shockwave: This is a "plug-in" to the browser that allows you to view interactive Web pages that contain games, movies, advertisements, etc.
Shopping Cart : Element of an electronic store front that allows a customer to collect purchases.
Shortcut : Icon on the desktop that provides a user with immediate access to a program or a file.
Shouting : The use of all caps in e-mail. This practice is considered a violation of netiquette and is actively discouraged.
Shuttle Matrix printer : High Speed line printers that functions like a dot matrix printer.
Shovelware. Mediocre material used to fill up space on a CD-ROM or a Web site.
Sig block. The signature block that automatically appears at the end of every outgoing e-mail message ,also referred to as a .sig file.
Signature verification System : Biometric device that organizes the shape of a person's handwritten signature and measures the presure exerted and the motion used to write the signature.
Silicon Valley :the Santa Clara Valley and surrounding area between San Jose and San Francisco, California, including the cities of Cupertino,Sunnyvale, and Palo Alto. It is the home of numerous semiconductor and computer companies, including Google, Hewlett-Packard, Intel, and Apple, as well as Stanford University.
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol(STMP): Communication Protocol used by outgoing mail servers.
Simulator : Program that executes the instruction set of a processor of a different architecture, with the goal of understanding the other processor's behavior.
Single Inline memory module (SIMM ) : Type of memory module that has pins on opposite sides of the circuit board that connect togather to form a single set of contact.
Single user Multitasking : Allowing a single user to work on two or more programs that reside in memory at the same time.
Single user single tasking : Allow only one user to run only one program at a time.
Single session Disc : Disc on which manufacturers write all data at one time.
Small Computer System Interface (SCSI) : Type of high speed parallel hardware and software interface used to attach peripherals devices to computer such as a disk drive or a CD-ROM.
Small office /Home office (SOHO) :Any company with fewer than 50 employees as well as self employed who work from t home.
Smart Cards : Cards , similar in size to credit card or ATM card ,that store data on thin microprocessor embeded in the card.
Smart Phones : Internel enabled telephones that also provides PDA capabilities.
Smiley : In e-mail messages, a facial expression constructed sideways with standard characters. Also referred to as an emoticon .
Smurfing : the practice of maliciously disrupting a computer by pinging it continuously ;flooding it with test data packets to which it must respond.
Snail mail: A term employed by e-mail users to refer to regular mail service.
Sneakernet: Procedure for transferring files from one computer to another when the computers are not connected by an electronic network, by removing diskettes or other storage devices.
Socket : Electrical connector into which another connector, with pins, can be inserted.
Sockpuppet : Fake online identity created by another user so that the user talks through another mouthpiece while pretending not to . Sockpuppets often pop up in forums to defend the original person’s arguments or to deliver praise in order to make the user seem more popular.
Social Networking Web sites: Web sites that encourage memebers in its online community to share their interests , ideas, photos, experineces, music, viedos etc. with other registered members.
Soft copy :Temporary Output Information presented on the display screen.
Software: Series of instructions that tell the computer and computer networks what to do and to perform various functions.
Software Engineering : Branch of science deals with the designing and constructing software.
Software license : Agreement between the publisher of a computer program and the person who buys a copy of it, allowing the software to be used.
Software Suite :Collection of indiviuall programs sold as single package.
Sort : Arrange fields, records, or files in a predetermined sequence.
Sound Cards : Adapter card that enhace the sound generating capabilities of a personal computer by allowing sound to be input through a micro phone and output through speaker or headset.
Spam : Unsolicited e-mail message send to a great number of recipients without regard for their need to know.
Spam Filter : Software that distinguishes SPAM from ordinary e-mail.
Spammer : Person who sends out SPAM.
Speakers :Output Devices that allow you to hear sound from the computer.
Speech Recognition : Computer's capabilities to distinguishing spoken words.
Spelling Checker : Features in software application that review the spelling of the individual words in a document.
Spider : An automated program that searches the Internet for new Web sites and indexes their URLs and content descriptions in a database for examination by a search engine for matches.
Spim. Spam that is delivered by instant messaging (IM Spim).
Spit. Spam that is delivered by Internet telephony (IT).
Split screen. The ability of some programs to display information in two or more different areas on the screen at the same time.
Spoiler : Message that reveals a solution to a game or ending to a movie or a program.
Spoofing : Act of impersonating a user or a machine.
Spooling : Process that sends document to be printed to a buffer instead of sending them immediately /diectly to printer.
Spreadsheet : A program that provides a worksheet and allow user to organize data in rows and columns to be used for calculations and the preparation of reports.
Spyware : Software that enables a user to track someone’s computer activities without that person’s consent.
Stack : an abstract data structure from which nodes are deleted in last-in,First-out order ,maintained by an operating system to manage a process,or maintained by the process itself.
Steganography :concealment/hidding of a small message(image) inside a larger file(Image) that appears to consist entirely of something else.
Startup folder : Folder that contains a list of programs that opens/rus automatically when computer boots.
Storage : The memory location in which data,instruction and information are held for future use.
Storage Medium :The physicall material on which compter keeps data
Store : To place information in memory for later use.
Stub : Temporary substitute for a part of a computer program that has not yet been written.
Streaming : The process of transfering large amounts of audio or video information in contineous and even flow and playing them back on the computer.
Style sheet : Collection of the user’s formatting decisions regarding font, type size, margins, justifica-tion, paragraph indentions, and the like.
Stylus : Small matal or plastic device that looks like a ballpoints pen,uses pressure instead of ink to write, draw or make selections.
Subject Directory : Search tool that classifies Web pages in an organized set of categories and subcategories.
Subscribe : Process of a user adding thier e-mail, name and address to a mailing list.
Subwoofer : Speaker components that boosts low base sound.
SuperComputer: Fastest, most powerful and expensive,computers ,capable of processing more than 135 trillion instructions in a single second.
Superscalar : Processors that can execute more than one instruction per clock cycle.
Super Viedo Graphics Array(SVGA) :Video Standrard with a resolution of 800x600.
SuperXGA (SXGA) : video Standars with resolution of 1280x1024.
Surfing The Web : Activity to explore various Web sites on the Internet in search of interesting things.
Surge protector : A device that protects computer hardware from being damaged by sudden increases in voltage.
Synchronous : controlled by a clock signal.
Syntax: Rules that specify how the symbols of a language can be put together to form meaningful statements.
Synthesizer : Pheripheral or chip that creates sound from digital instructions.
System Board : Name sometime used for motherboard.
System Bus : Bus that is part of mother board and connects the processor to main memory.
System Clock : Small quartz crystal circuit that is used by the processor to control the timing of all computer operations.
System on a Chip : Processor that integrate the functions of processor, memory and viedo card on a single chip.
System Operator(SYSOP) : A person who operates a bulletin board system.
System Softwares: Programs that control and maintain the operation of a computer and its devices.
System time :time spent by the operating system on behalf of a user's program .