1. Elements of weather and climate: Insulation and Atmospheric Temperature, Global Radiation and Heat Balance, Atmospheric Pressure and winds, Humidity And Precipitation, Air Masses, fronts and atmospheric disturbances, classification of climate and climatic regions

2. Landforms: Major landforms, Rocks – origin, formation and classification. Internal structure of the Earth, earthquakes and volcancity, weathering, mass wasting, erosion and deposition, cycle of erosion, landforms produced by underground and ground water, wind and glacier

3. Oceans: Continental margins and the sea floor, Distribution of Temperature and Salinity. Movements of ocean water – waves, currents and tides

4. Study of maps: Types of maps – topographical maps, aerial photographs, weather maps. Map projections – classification and choice of projections, merits and demerits of cylindrical, conical and zenithal projections, diagrams, graphs and distribution maps based on statistical data

1. Human Geography: Man and his habitat – concepts of environmentalism and possibilism, world population distribution, structure and growth (natural increase and migration), world, society and culture, races, languages and religions, levels of education and welfare. Settlements – rural and urban, characteristics and problems of urban places. Population / resource regions

2. Economic geography: Economic activities – primary, secondary and tertiary. Primary activity – agricultural systems, substinence, intensive, extensive, mechanized and mixed farming. Production, distribution and trade of major cereal and non-cereal crops. Forests and fisheries. Power resources. Major industries – iron and steel, textiles and chemical industries, politicoeconomic relationship between the more developed and the less developed countries

3. Regional geography: Economic and social regions of the world, regional geography of South Asia with special reference to Pakistan under the following heads: Resource Base (Human, Physical And Economic) Transport, Trade and International Relations

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The Me you have always known, the Me that's a stranger still.