NOTE: Attempt FIVE questions in all, including question No. 8 which is COMPULSORY. All questions carry EQUAL marks.


1. What are salt domes? Discuss their evolution and economic significance.

2. Discuss mineral deposits of Hydrothermal Origin.

3. Make a diagram of a modern drilling rig, label its various parts and discuss the function of the water-based and oil drilling muds in Oil well drilling.

4. Briefly discuss the geological factors, which should be taken into consideration while selecting a suitable site for the construction of dams.

5. Give an account of the geological materials used as building stones.

6. What geophysical technique(s) is/are recommended for the prospection of iron-ore deposits? Give details of the techniques and instrument(s) used for this type of survey.

7. Write notes on the following:
(a) Lag time or bottom-up figure
(b) Coal and its varieties
(c) Marble deposits in Pakistan.


8. Write only the correct answer in the Answer Book. Do not reproduce the questions.

(1) Ax type carbonate minerals are:
(a) Calcite
(b) Dolomite
(c) Magnesite
(d) Siderite
(e) None of these

(2) Economic deposits of chronite occur at:
(a) Muslim bagh Baluchistan
(b) Chillas ……….. Kohistan
(c) Drgai ………….. Malakand
(d) Hazara Kohistan
(e) None of these

(3) Barite in the drilling mud is used for increasing:
(a) Mud weight
(b) Viscosity
(c) None of these

(4) Beside marble, which of the following rock(s) is/are used for making tiles (after cutting and polishing):
(a) Dolerite
(b) Serpentinite
(c) Granite
(d) Sandstone
(e) None of these

(5) Is it true that a rock may be porous but not permeable?
(a) Yes
(b) No

(6) Which of the following minerals are used in the glass industry:
(a) Silica minerals
(b) Feldspar
(c) Olioine
(d) Garnet
(e) None of these

(7) Which of the following minerals are used as gem minerals?
(a) Talc
(b) Diamond
(c) Corundom
(d) None of these

(8) How much percent of total energy is produced through nuclear and hydle style power generation in Pakistan?
(a) 10.3%
(b) 41.1%
(c) 43.5%
(d) Any other

(9) What is the total production of crude oil (daily basis) is Pakistan?
(a) 60,000 bbls
(b) 1,00,000 bbls
(c) 70,000 bbls
(d) Any other figure.

(10) Which of the following minerals is oxide of iron?
(a) Hemafite
(b) Magnetite
(c) Periclase
(d) Siderite
(e) None of these

(11) The dam constructed on river Jhelum is known as:
(a) Tanda Dam
(b) Warsak Dam
(c) Terbeila Dam
(d) Mangla Dam
(e) None of these

(12) Which of the following rock(s) is/are ideal for the accumulation of oil?
(a) Fractured limestone
(b) Shale
(c) Marle
(d) Sandstone
(e) None of these

(13) Landslide are commonly seen in:
(a) Muree Formation
(b) Hazara Slates
(c) Abbottabad Formation
(d) None of these

(14) Raw material for cement industry include:
(a) Limestone
(b) Shale
(c) Clay
(d) Slate
(e) Gypsum
(f) None of these

(15) Best quality is reported from:
(a) Ophiolitic mélange at Mingora
(b) Hunza
(c) Chaagai
(d) None of these

(16) Which type of Coal shows highest carbon content?
(a) Pest
(b) Lignite
(c) Bituminous
(d) None of these

(17) Kimberlite are high Pressure ultrabic rocks and are the main source of the terrestrial:
(a) Diamond
(b) Phlogopite
(c) Jad. Pyroxene
(d) None of these

(18) Among the geophysical methods, resistivity method is most suitable for:
(a) Ground water survey
(b) Metallic mineral deposits
(c) Oil and gas exploration
(d) None of these

(19) How much energy is produced through burning natural gas in Pakistan?
(a) 41.4%
(b) 4.5%
(c) Any other figure

(20) Why the O.G.D.C. is called as O.G.D.C.L. now?

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