zohaib your notes are very good and up to date but how your
PR notes can be used to answer this specific question is beyond my understanding. kindly point out the answer with reference to this specific question.
q. describe the factors that determine the character of internal public in newspaper organization?
q. In the light of karl marx media theory: analyze the role of at least 3 tv channels with the special reference of flood disaster. what is national development? and how media can play role in national development.
Karl marx theory
According to karl marx media theory, capitalist society is one of class domination. media acts as a ideological super structure where different ideas of different classes struggle,but the domination remains in the hands of the ruling class. on the other hand, a
false illusion is internalized and socialized into the mass. according to the classical Marxist, media acts as a “
means of production” which in a capitalist society is in the control of the elite or “
ruling class” and the media functions to produce “
false consciousness”
Marxism theory and flood disaster
As a pillar of the state, the media is playing a criminal role, strengthening the ideas of the ruling classes, who are constantly repeating that this crisis is solely natural. Petit bourgeois emotionalism is instilled to compensate for the anger developing against the rulers.
Pictures of hungry, downtrodden women and children fighting each other over a bag of flour were shown and appeals were made to the already impoverished masses to donate money in the bank accounts of the prime minister, president and other high ups, while a few personal accounts of the elite are stuffed with more than enough cash that could finance the whole relief and rehabilitation challenge. In return the media is getting advertisements with handsome amounts of money. This is a two-way business between the media and the right wing, while the victims of the flood are served contaminated food infected with fungus.
In any class society the media cannot be impartial. It serves the interests of the dominant classes and tries to suppress the voice of the exploited classes. During these disastrous times, while the so-called leaders are advising people not to protest and accept their fate, they are increasing their attacks on the workers with massive redundancies in the telecommunication, railways and other sectors of industries. Prices have risen astronomically during this disaster resulting in huge profits for the ruling classes.
Geo tv:
As a result of massive flooding and resultant damage, geo tv organized a show ”
pukaar” to raise funding to help out the affectess. Throughout the show, they repeatedly showed miserable images evoking sympathy of the emotional country men to contribute generously. imran khan made quite a show distributing 15 truckloads of relief goods and advocating his “generosity” to gain public support for the next elections.
Ary
Similarly, ary also arranged a show for raising funds for the flood-stricken mass and
dr shahid masood succeeded in collecting an impressive sum of 65 million rupees. the role of the army in relief efforts was exaggerated to rebuild its tarnished image. Army personnel were shown, saving lives of people with helicopters. Right-wing leaders were highlighted while distributing relief goods.
Hum tv
Imitating the behaviour of other tv channels, hum tv was also not much behind in this regard. a telethon was arranged to raise the funds and celebrities were invited. instead of revealing the inadequency of the disaster management teams, these celebrities requested the already poor and inflation hit mass to open up and help the flood affected people.
National development:
development that is a general or specific strategy whose goal is to help build up various areas within a nation.
Role of media in national development
• Media should promote
unity and spirit of
nationalism among different provinces
• It should not give air to
sectarianism
• It should project a
positive image of the country to uplift her prestige country in comity of nations
• It should promulgate
moral and cultural values
• It should
not glamourise crime, terrorism or violence
• It should act as a
watch dog to keep a check on corruption, monopoly and inefficiency
• It should
educate the masses
• it should instill the feelings of
patriotism and
respect for country men
• it should promote
tolerance for other beliefs, ideas and ideologies
• it should
censor cheap, gaudy and vulgar shows, dramas, songs etc
Dr M qaiser, vicechancellor of Karachi university also highlighted the role of media as “
vital for national development”
Conclusion: media plays a very crucial role in the life today and therefore it is regarded as the “fourth pillar”. its power is at par with the nukes. according to karl marx theory, media acts as a a “means of production” in the hands of the ruling class.this was also observed during flood disaster management where prominent tv channels geo,hum and ary digital overemphasized the role of army and politicians. Media should act responsibly and play a conducive role in the national development.