The Constitution of Pakistan 1973 divided the legislative powers between the Centre and the Provinces by delineating two legislative lists:
Schedule IV
i). Federal Legislative List [Part I (59 items & Part II (8 items)]
ii). Concurrent Legislative List (47 items)
In the Federal List, there were enumerated subjects on which the Federal Centre alone could legislate. This list comprised two parts, which had 67 items.
The second legislative list, designated as the Concurrent List, had 47 items. On these items, both the Centre and the provinces were entitled to legislate, but it was also laid down in the Constitution that in case of conflict between the laws made by the Centre and a province with respect to a subject in the Concurrent List, it was the federal law which was to prevail, no matter which of the two laws were made first. This means that the Centre had actual competence not only over the subjects specifically reserved for it, but also over those mentioned in the Concurrent Legislative List.
The residuary powers in matters not enumerated in Legislative Lists were left to the competence of the provinces.
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