GENERAL KNOWLEDGE, PAPER - I , 2005 (EVERYDAY SCIENCE)

3. Name: (1 each)
(a) The alloy which consists of copper and tin: Bronze
(b) The device used to measure radioactivity: Geiger Muller Counter
(c) The organ in the human body which is responsible for the digestion of protein only: Small Intestine
(d) The instrument used to measure very high temperature: Pyrometer
(e) The scientist who designed the first internal combustion engine used to burn low grade fuel: Nikolaus August Otto
(f) The scientist who asserted the earth to be a huge magnet: William Gilbert
(g) The metal known as quick silver: Mercury
(h) The device which converts the chemical energy into electrical energy: Cell
(i) The first person to orbit the earth in space: Yuri Gagrian
(j) The scientist who discovered water: Henry Cavendish (Composition of Water)

5. Which physical quantities are measured by the following units? (1 each)
(a) Coulomb: Charge
(b) Weber: Magnetic Flux
(c) Tesla: Magnetic Intensity (Magnetic Flux Density)
(d) Siemen: Electric Conductance
(e) Rutherford: Radioactivity
(f) Faraday: Charge (The unit is Obsolete, don't confuse it with Farads which is a unit of conductance)
(g) Angstrom: Length/Distance (Wavelength)
(h) Parsec: Distance
(i) Degree: Angle
(j) Steradian: Solid Angle (3 Dimensional)

7- Which of the following statements are True and which are False: (1 each)
(a) To stay in the sunlight while circling the globe at the equator, one has to move with a speed of 1670 km/hour: True
(b) Infrared waves have more wavelengths than the red color: True
(c) liver produces bile which is involved in the breakdown of fats: True
(d) A secondary cell can be charged again: True
(e) Nucleic acids are responsible basically for protein synthesis in the human body: True (RNA)
(f) The quality of gasoline is checked by its octane number: True
(g) image in a plane mirror is not laterally inverted: False (It is laterally Inverted)
(h) Horse power is the unit of mechanical energy: False (Unit of Power)
(i) Sound travels faster in vacuum than in water: False (Sound doesn't travel in Vacuum)
(j) Nitrogen is the most occurring element in the human body: False (Its Oxygen by weight)

9. Fill in the blanks: (1 each) '
a)The variation in the blood flow can be heard with an instrument called __ Stethoscope (not Sphygmomanometer which can only make anyone hear anything)
b)There is a place in the retina where the light sensitive cells are interrupted by the presence of the optic nerve head. It is known as __ Blind Spot
(c) The study of human population is called __ demography
(d) Human beings belong to species called __ Homo sapiens
(e) defect of eye due to which nearly located objects arc not clearly visible is called __ Long Sightedness (Hyperopia) .
(f) About _ 65% _ _ of the human body consists of water.
(g) All of the oxygen that you breathe has been produced by the splitting of water during Oxygenic Photosynthesis.
(h) The important ore of Chromium is _ Chromite.
(i) Sulfuric _ __ acid was discovered by Jabbar bin Hayyan.
(j) The measurement of rainfall is made by an instrument known as _ udometer.

11 . Give scientific reason of the following: (2 each)
(1) Pole star is always seen in the north: It is because that the star directly lies above the axis of rotation of earth, thus it always appears to be in the north when seen from the earth.
(2) We never see birds urinating: Nature designed birds to be as light as possible to enable them to fly. For this reason, they don't have a bladder and any fluids they consume make their way, via the kidneys, to a device in the lower intestine called the cloaco where it combines with waste to make a watery droppings.
(3) Pasteurized milk has more nourishment than the ordinary boiled milk: Unlike boiling, pasteurization is not intended to kill all micro-organisms in the food. Instead, it aims to reduce the number of viable pathogens so they are unlikely to cause disease. In the process it doesn't kill most of the nutrition which may be possible in the case of milk.
(4) Bees die when they sting human beings: It is because when the stinger lodges in the victim's skin, it tears loose from the bee's abdomen thus leading to its death in minutes, this only happens if the skin of the victim is sufficiently thick, such as a mammal's.
(5) Cloudy nights are usually warmer than the clear ones: It is because that there is no sun during night, thus the only thing that clouds to is to trap the already outgoing heat inside the environment, which came during the daytime. The opposite phenomenon happens at daytime.

12. What are Nuclear reactors? How the Electrical energy is produced by Nuclear Power Plants? Name the devices which convert
(1) Mechanical energy into electrical energy: Dynamo
(2) Heat energy into mechanical energy: Heat Engine, Generator
(3) Electrical energy into mechanical energy: Motor
(4) Electrical energy into sound energy: Speakers
(5) Sound energy into electrical energy: Microphone

13. What do the following scientific abbreviations stand for: (1 each)
(a) LDL - Low density Lipoprotein
(b) MeV - Mega ElectronVolt
(c) UHF - Ultra High Frequency
(d) LED - Light Emitting Diode
(e) LCD - Liquid Crystal Display
(f) BASIC - Beginners All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code
(g) MASER - Microwave Amplification of Stimulated Emission of Radiations
(h) ETT - Endotracheal tube
(i) HST - Hubble space Telescope
j) DBS - Data Base System

14-Compare the columns A and B and write the correct answer from the Column to the Column A (serial wise) in Column C,
Column A
1. Gunpowder
2. Marble
3. Ozone
4. Argon
5. Quartz
6. Mirage
7. Gold
8. Modulation
9. Length
10. Solar Energy

Colum B
Sulphur dioxide
Fermi
Aqua regia
Beta - Particle
Frequency
Calcium Carbonate
Dobson Units
Silicon dioxide
Total internal reflection
Blue purple light

Column C (As per Matching with Column A)
1. Sulphurdioxide
2. Calcium Carbonate
3. Dobson Units
4. Blue Purple Lights
5. Silicon dioxide
6. Total Internal Reflection
7. Aqua Regia
8. Frequency
9. Fermi
10. Beta Particles

15. Choose the best choice in the following statements.

(1) Select the correct association :
(a) Oxidation-Loss of an electron (b) Oxidation - gain of an electron (c) Reduction - gain of a neutron (d) Reduction - loss of a neutron
(2) Radioactive isotope of Uranium used in Nuclear Bomb is:

(a)92 U 235(b)92 U 234
c)92 U 233
d)92 U 238

(3) Human population growth is greatest in developing countries because:
(a) the birth rate is high in developing countries (b) the death rate is high in developing countries
(c) much of the population has already reached the child bearing age
(d) most of the world's population lives in industrialized countries

(4) Which woody raw material is used for the manufacture of paper pulp?
(a) Cotton (b) Poplar (c) Bagasse
(d) Rice straw

(5) Rectified spirit contains alcohol about:
(a) 80% (b) 95% (c) 70% (d) 85%

(6) Which of the following elements is not present abundantly in earth's crust: (a) Silicon (b) Radium (c) Aluminum (d) Carbon

(7) The famous book; Al - Qanoun was written by the Muslim scientist: (a.) Jabar bin Hayyan (b) Zakariya Al - Razi (c) Abu Ali Sina (d) Abdul Qasim Majreeti

(8) Basic metals can be converted into gold by:
(a) heating (b) beating (c) artificial nuclear radioactivity (d) chemical reaction

(9) A light year is a unit of:
(a) time (b) energy (c) length (d) mass

(10) One of the main function of the earth's ozone layer is to:
(a) prevent global warming (b) filter out ultraviolet rays (c) absorb pollution (d) all of the above