NOTE: (i) Attempt FIVE questions in all including question No. 8 which is compulsory. All questions carry EQUAL marks.
(ii) Extra attempt of any question or any part of the attempted question will not be considered
(iii) Candidate must draw two straight lines (==================) at the end to separate each question attempted in Answer Books.

Q.1. Discuss the three basic functions of Language. Elaborate upon the importance of Emotionally Neutral Language for reasoning.

Q.2. Define Logic and discuss its two main kinds. Deduction and Induction.

Q.3. Discuss Al-Farabi,s contributions in Logic.

Q.4. Discuss the importance of symbols in Logic.

Q.5. Discuss the Inductive use of Analogy and Hypothesis.

Q.6. What is a Fallacy of judgment? Differentiate between Fallacies of Relevance and Fallacies of Ambiguity.

Q.7. Write short notes on any FOUR of the following:
(a) Formal Argument
(b) Probability
(c) Syllogism
(d) Square of oppositions
(e) Conversion
(f) Logical Definition
Q.8.(A) Write only True or False in the Answer Book. Do not reproduce the question. (1 each)

(1) Logic Studies the Process of Thought. True/False
(2) In deduction the conclusions are drawn from the Premises. True/False
(3) V is the symbol of Negation in Logic. True/False
(4) There are four Terms in a syllogistic Argument. True/False
(5) Testibility is essential to Hypothesis. True/False

(B) Which of the following are propositions, which are not, write only Yes or No in the Answer Book. Do not reproduce the question. (½ each)

(6) Some Asians are Muslims Yes/No
(7) I am very happy today. Yes/No
(8) All crows are black Yes/No
(9) Rose is the king of flowers. Yes/No
(10) Open the door. Yes/No
(11) All Pakistanis are not Muslim. Yes/No
(12) When are you going home? Yes/No
(13) You should read extensively to acquire knowledge. Yes/No
(14) Some books are difficult. Yes/No
(15) Do not waste your time. Yes/No

(C) Separate the Conclusion and Premises Indicators in the following and write in separate columns: (1 each)

(16) Therefore
(17) Because
(18) For
(19) Consequently
(20) As shown by

(D) Answer the following: (1 each)

(21) Name the three Terms in an argument.
(22) Who wrote Rad- ul-Mantaqeen?
(23) Write down the five symbols used in Logic.
(24) The conclusions of Inductive Reasoning are—?
(25) Who is the founder of Logic?