Introduction
1,Political perspective
2,Economic perspective
3,Social perspective
4,Geographical perspective
5,Intellectual perspective
6,Cultural perspective
7,Ideological perspective
8,Nuclear perspective
Hurdles toward holistic progress
Internal
9,Ideological discontentment
10,Economic tug of war among the eastern countries
11,Geo-political nationalism
External
12,East versus west
13,American pivotal policy to the east(a policy shift)
14,Conclusion.