DEFAMATION.
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Defamation is a statement calculated to escape a person to hatred, contempt or ridicule or to injure him in his trade, business, profession, calling or office. It is of two types i.e. libel and slander.

LIBEL
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Libel is a form of defamation in permanent form such as written documents. It in itself is infringement of plaintiff's rights and no actual damage is required.