PAROLE
Parole refers to the early release of good conduct prisoners or offenders who have completed mandatory period of substantive sentence as required under the good conduct Prisoner’s Probational release Act,1926 that provides for release of good prisoners on conditions imposed by the government. This is commonly known as conditional release or Parole release.
PAROLE PROCEDURE: Good conduct Prisoner’s Probation Release Act, (1926) empowers the executive (home secretary) of the province to release certain offenders on parole who are eligible to be released on parole. This is commonly known as conditional release on parole. This act provides the release of chance offenders with good antecedents and prison record with a view to remove them from the society of hardened criminals in jail. There are to be engaged in suitable environments under the supervision of parole officers of the R&P department in their respective province. The paroles are employed with approved employers of R&P departments on fixed wages and under specific terms and conditions.
SELECTION OF PRISONERS ELIGIBLE FOR PAROLE RELEASE: The cases of prisoners who are likely to be released on parole may be taken up by the Assistant Director R&P department in the following ways:
1. On application of the prisoners
2. On application of the relatives or friends of the prisoners
3. On recommendation of the superintendent of jail
4. The Assistant director and Parole Officer visit jail for selection of prisoner suitability to be released on Parole.
FUNCTION OF THE PAROLE OFFICER:
1. Supervision and rehabilitation of offenders placed on parole
2. Visit jails and arranges interview of good conduct prisoners with the Assistant director R&P department
3. Consult history tickets, remission sheets, warrant etc of prisoners
4. Assists prison administration in preparation of rolls of selected prisoners for parole release
5. Receive prisoners on parole, find their suitable employment, solve problems
6. The duties of parole officers are assigned to Probation officers in many districts of Pakistan as there is shortage of parole staff in R&P department of each province.
WHITE COLLAR CRIME
INTRODUCTION: The anti-social activities of person of the upper strata in their occupations, which have come to be known as “white collar” crimes, have been given their due importance in the recent past only after the pioneering work done by.
DEFINITION OF WHITE COLLAR CRIME:
A non-violent crime that is committed by someone, typically for financial gain. The typical white collar criminal is an officer worker, business manager, fund manager or executive. Forensic accountant, auditors and whistle blowers identify and report white collar crimes.
TYPES AND SCHEMES OF WHITE COLLAR CRIME:
1. Bank fraud
2. Blackmail
3. Bribery
4. Cellular phone fraud
5. Computer fraud
6. Counterfeiting
7. Credit card fraud
8. Currency scheme
9. Embezzlement
10. Environmental schemes
11. Extortion
12. Money laundering
13. Insurance fraud
14. Investment schemes
15. Securities fraud
16. Tax evasion
GROWTH OF WHITE COLLAR CRIMINALITY: The rise of white collar criminality in many countries has coincided with the progress made in those countries in the economic and industrial fields. It is hardly surprising that the two processes should go together considering that most of the white collar crimes are directly, or indirectly, connected with the, production and distribution of wealth.
During the last thirty years, the country has seen the execution of various five-year plans involving a huge expenditure by the government for the various nation-building activities. Corrupt officers, businessman and contractors never had it so good. No doubt the country did make some progress, but a big chunk of money earmarked for development projects has been pocketed by the white collar criminals.