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Old Wednesday, April 05, 2006
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Thumbs up Improving Self-Confidence

Hi ...i have picked that article from some one else and wana share with all css aspirants.......Thanks

"One of the major cause of low self-confidence is the fear of being failed. Remember that failure is always an option."

Improving Self-Confidence
7 Useful Steps

Improving ones self-confidence is one of the important personal objectives that almost every person tries to achieve. This article will help you find a few of so many factors that can help you achieve this goal quicker. Your feedback, suggestions and personal experiences are welcome.

1. Learn to experiment

A wonderful fact you should know is that this world houses a lot of people, things, behaviors, situations and so on. Learn to experiment with all that you find new. If you can comfortably take initiative to experiment; ok, go ahead otherwise wait a little and digest the situation and start your ‘experiment’

2. Failure is an option
One of the major cause of low self-confidence is the fear of being failed. Remember that failure is always an option. You must know scores of names of world heroes who failed some time in life. You are not an exception. Be prepared to fail and this preparedness will help you succeed---ultimately leading to your boosted self-confidence.






3. Positive Imaging
Can you just imagine your much loved one for a while; say your mother. Your mother has a positive imaging for you. She always thinks for your care, welfare and prosperity and I need not say that she does not have to boost her self-confidence level to be expressive to you. The main idea in this example is that while you are interacting with people or situations… keep your thinking positive. You should make a caring heart, a good wishing mind and offer a helping hand while interacting with people. This entire ‘positive’ attitude will decrease your difference from other fellow beings and resultantly you will feel closer and open to them.

4. Share everything
Share your belongings, your thoughts and even your worries. Sharing your strengths will help you gather favors and your likeliness from others whereas sharing your worries and weak points will safe-guard your fear of being exposed. When you are sharing your things and ideas, you communicate with people and start understanding them better. This helps the growth of your personality, you are no more frightened to express and gain more confidence. Expressing yourself is the basic of your confidence.

5. The ‘Be yourself’ formula
Even the very good actors can’t be confident if they have to be something else in the real life. Always give priority to exhibit your ‘real self’. Try to find pleasure in what you do and what you like.

6. Preparedness
For certain situations, like academic events and even in the professional life, your well-preparedness can help boost you confidence to a much higher level. Even very popular ‘confident’ leaders and celebrities prepare.

7. Personal Development
Always keep in mind, your experience in life is sooner or later going to help you a lot in boosting your confidence level. With the passage of time, you start learning to interact with people and situations.

Article by
Ali Hasan
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Thumbs up Fundamentalism

Fundamentalism

One of the most controversial terms discussed nowadays s “fundamentalism”. It may simply be defined as an embattled form of spirituality, which emerges as a response to a perceived crisis. Within Christianity, Islam, Judaism and other faiths, the media generally uses the term to refer to the most conservative wing of the religion. Islamic Fundamentalism has replaced communism as the enemy of the day. A question may arise, is it the Islamic Fundamentalism – the producer of terrorism or is it western minimal understanding of what Islamic Fundamentalism is and who Islamic Fundamentalists are?

"Fundamentalist Islam is simply the conservative wing of Islam, just as Fundamentalist Christians in the conservative wing of Christianity."



Originally Fundamentalism is a theological term, which became commonly used after the “Scopes” trial during 1920s. John Scopes, a high school biology teacher was put on trial for violation of state’s Buttler Act. The Act forbade the teaching of any theory, which denied the story of Divine Creation of man as taught in Bible. It is Christianity where one finds the origin of Fundamentalism.
In Christianity, Fundamentalism is normally used for the conservative of Evangelical Christianity, the most conservative wing of Protestant Christianity. Fundamentalist Christians typically believe that the Bible is inspired by God, inerrant and internally consistent. As far as Catholics are concerned, in the 1960s the term Fundamentalist started to be used to refer those among them who rejected the changes and wished to retain traditional beliefs and practices. Though having different beliefs Christian and Islamic Fundamentalism seem to be parallel to each other.

Islamic Fundamentalism means to aide by and follow, the rules and teachings of Islam. It denotes recourse to the Holy Book, justice, fairplay and protection of all the people specially those of minorities. A great majority of Muslim Fundamentalists are pious individuals who strictly follow the teachings of the Holy Prophet Mohammad(P.B.U.H), promote regular attendance at mosques and promote the reading of the Holy Quran. Many promote the concept of theocratic government, in which Sharia (Islamic Law) becomes the law of the state. West according to them is secular, ungodly, decadent and obsessed with sex. But Islamic Fundamentalism is not what the West thinks about it.

Western media has extensively misused the term Fundamentalism to refer to those terrorists who happen to be Muslims, or who are anti-American Muslims. This is not accurate. Fundamentalist Islam is simply the conservative wing of Islam, just as Fundamentalist Christians in the conservative wing of Christianity. West perceives Islamic Fundamentalism as a threat to peace. They believe Muslim Fundamentalists are rigid, unrealistic and dogmatic who are always ready to join any battle or take a jihad at any time. Whether or not Muslim Fundamentalists use violence, West is stressing upon calling them extremists and even terrorists.

Most of the Middle Eastern Terrorists are probably Fundamentalist Muslims, but they share little with their fellow Fundamentalists. They represent an extremist, radical wing of Fundamentalist Islam, which is composed of people who believe that the Islamic state must be imposed on the people from above, usinf violent action if necessary. This movement is fueled by social, religious and economic stressors in many of the Muslim countries: lack of democracy; autocratic, non-elected political leaders; millions of Palestinian refugees, extreme wealth for a minority and often extreme poverty for most of the public; poor human rights records; high unemployment. Perhaps the greatest stressor of all is the Israel-Palestine conflict, which has lasted over five decades. The U.S. is viewed as favoring and supporting Israel. She has been giving over 3 billion dollars a year in military and economic aid to Israel.

Another stressor is the presence of many American troops in Saudi-Arabia; many radical Muslim Fundamentalists saw this as a desecration of the Holy Ground. The most two sacred in Islam–Mecca and Medina—are located in that country. Anti-American feelings are running high because of the invasion on Iraq. It means Muslim agitation or so-called ‘terrorism’ is the reaction of western actions.

Lawrence Davidson, professor of history ar West Chester University in Pennysylvania and author of the book Islamic Fundamentalism says about Muslim Fundamentalists: “The vast majority are not violent, bomb-throwing people. They are very much like your average very religious Catholic or Protestant”. In fact, most fundamentalists have much in common with their Christian counterparts and elements of extreminism and violence found in Muslim Fundamentalists are the reaction of anti-Muslim policies of the West.

Hence, Islam is not the source of terrorism but its solution and west specially Americans have always shown their lack of knowledge regarding Islamic Fundamentalism. In its original application it means to believe in fundamentals of religion, in this sense all the Muslim are fundamentalists. However the manner that it is used in the Western media, to mean a fanatic or extremist, it does not illuminate either Muslim thought or Muslim society. The fault also lies within us, as we Muslims have never tried to rationalize ourselves. We should adopt a flexible attitude and give image to west that we want peace by showing patience and tolerance. Muslim Media must try to portray the exact picture of Muslim Fundamentalism. Last but not the least nothing is possible without enlightened moderation; that is modern education and research.

Article by
Zeeshan Ahmad Malik
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Old Wednesday, April 05, 2006
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Cool few things about WTO

WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION
World Trade Organization (WTO) deals with the rules of trade between nations at a global or near-global level.

Evolution of WTO- The GATT

The WTO began life on January 01, 1995, but its trading system is almost half a century older. The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) had provided the rules for the system. GATT was established in 1948 as a multilateral agreement aiming to liberalize world trade and place in on a secure basis. In the second WTO ministerial meeting held in Geneva in May 1998, the 50th anniversary of the system was celebrated. It did not take long for the General Agreement to give birth to an unofficial, international organization, also known informally as GATT. Over the years GATT evolved through several rounds of negotiations. The detail of negotiations is given in table 1.1.


The Uruguay Round

The last and largest GATT round, was the Uruguay Round (UR) which lasted from 1986 to 1994 and led to the WTO creation. The UR agreements have posed many challenges to the developing countries. GATT had mainly dealt with trade in goods, the WTO and its agreements now cover trade in services, and in traded inventions, creations and designs.

On the domestic front, these include imperatives to make adjustments in the domestic production and trade regime to stay active in the international Market characterized with tough competition. On the external side, the challenges originate also from the issues related to the WTO framework itself, relating to the implementation of the built-in agenda, and new issues for coverage under the WTO framework. The developing countries are concerned about the implementation of built-in agenda before new issues are taken up.


"World Trade Organization (WTO) deals with the rules of trade between nations at a global or near-global level." Article by




Establishment: Fact File
Location: Geneva, Switzerland
Established: 1 January 1995
Created by: Uruguay Round negotiations (1986–94)
Membership: 148 countries
Budget: 154 million Swiss francs for 2003
Secretariat staff: 550
Head: Mr. Spatial Panitchpakdi (director-general)


Objectives:

• To raise standard of living
• To ensure full employment
• Growing volume of real income and effective demand
• Expanding the production of and trade in goods & services
• Sustainable development and environmental protection
• To improve financial position of developing countries


Umer Draz
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Old Thursday, April 06, 2006
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Thumbs up Comment on Self Confidence

Mr. Smart, its really a very good contribution.
The article on Increasing self confidence is very comprehensive. But i'd like to add some more on only following points.
Learn to experiment
along with experiments one should go through the history of same kind of experiments(if avilable) in order to plan an effective experiment. this will reduce the probability of fear of getting failed
Failure is an option
In my opinion, Failure is nothing, its just absence of Success.
One more thing that one should be prepared to face failure but at the same time he should set his mind that he'll examine his failure critically and for second time he'll no repeat the doubtful patterns
Positive Imaging
yes, positive imaging is very much needed to lessen the effect of fear. one method of having positive imaging is that one should stop imaging negatively or he should stop thinking negatively.
Personal Development
Personal development does not only mean to learn from one's own experience, instead one can develop his personality by keeping others success story in mind. The best method of developing personality is to learn all good habbits and activities from others and try to avoid all bad habbits or activities followed by others.


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Qurat
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Last edited by Qurratulain; Thursday, April 06, 2006 at 12:20 AM.
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