I am sharing a short essay on the above mentioned topic. I think a question might be asked on this topic in Current Affairs paper.

Please assess the short essay to find grammatical errors and also judge strength of arguments.

The material for this topic has been taken from 'The Economist'.

Introduction
For last few weeks, two biggest militaries in the world – China and India – have been facing off in the Himalayan region. The area of dispute is a tri-junction where three countries: India, China and Bhutan meet. The confrontation started when Chinese border guards were spotted moving road-making equipment onto the Dolam plateau, a flat spot in the slightly larger region known as Doklam (or Donglang in Mandarin) which all three sides (China, India and Bhutan) patrol. On June 18, India troops infiltrated into the plateau to prevent Chinese form constructing the road. Aside from a minor physical confrontation between soldiers of the two countries, the armies did not engage in an armed fight.
Peculiarity of the Conflict
The current conflict between the two countries is surprising because India does not has a claim over the territory. Yet, India claims that it acted on Bhutan’s request. However, it is not clear whether Bhutan actually made a request to India. Despite history of a bloody war between China and India, none of them is prepared to reconsider its stance.
China claims that India has violated its sovereignty. China has set withdraw of Indian troops form the area as a pre-condition for initiating dialogue.
The Indo-China War of 1962
The war of 1962, which the India lost, started when the Chinese constructed a road across disputed territory in the far west of the two countries’ 4,000km-long, disputed border. The Indo-China war of 1962 was fought at multiple fronts on the Indo-China border in the Himalayan region. Before conclusion of the war, China had crossed over the eastern Himalayan region and reached isolated northern region of India but later withdrew.
How construction of a road threatens India’s interest? / India’s apprehensions
Due to geographical proximity of China to India’s north-eastern states, India is concerned about the security of her north-eastern region. India’s concerns are further compounded by impressive economic and military rise of China.
If China succeeds in constructing the road according to its claim, it would gain access to a ridge which is just 100 km north of a vulnerable point on the Indian plains below - the “chicken’s neck”, a 21km-wide corridor connecting mainland India to the eight states of its north-east. Moreover, India cannot stand a prolonged armed conflict with China as China’s massive $215bn military budget is no match to India’s meagre $5bn defence budget.
Indian Sway over Bhutan’s Foreign Policy
Despite Bhutan’s cultural affinity with China’s region of Tibet, India holds sway over Bhutan’s foreign policy. In May this year, India boycotted China’s Belt and Road summit. The apparent reason for India’s boycott was its displeasure over huge Chinese’s investment in Gilgit-Baltistan region of Pakistan, which India considers a disputed territory. Although, Bhutan has no direct stake in the Indo-China relation, but probably, under the influence of India, also decided to boycott the summit.
China Might be Sending a Message to Bhutan
Some Bhutanese politicians may desire their country to follow an independent foreign policy; a step that would earn support of China. Having friendly relation with Bhutan will enable China to have more influence in the Himalayan region and counter India. Despite knowing positive outcome of amicable relations between China and Bhutan, why has China deployed soldiers in an area claimed by Bhutan? According to Bérénice Guyot-Réchard, an author and historian at King’s College London, the message China may be trying to send to India’s protégé is: if you deal with us directly instead of through Delhi, we might be more sympathetic to your border claims and walk quietly out of Doklam.
Bhutan’s Dependence on India
For Bhutan, a landlocked country, it is not so easy to distance itself from India. India is the biggest purchaser of hydropower form Bhutan and supports its military. However, India is well aware of Chinese designs. This can be gauged form the fact that after assuming office of the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi’s first official visit was to Bhutan. The current conflict has dangerous overtones because confrontation between China and India has never been extended to this long. Moreover, both Chinese and Indian Prime Ministers belong to nationalist background which, predisposes them to maintain an image of a strongman.
Possibility of Averting the Conflict
However, it is quite possible that a direct military engagement between the two neighbours will be averted. Due to the looming 19th National conference in China this year, Chinese President Xi would naturally prefer stability over confrontation. Likewise, an outcome similar to the Indo-China War of 1962, would be very embarrassing for India and will doom political career of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. Both China and India are far more powerful than they were in 1962. Therefore, sanity must prevail and the issue should be resolved peacefully.

SOURCE: THE ECONOMIST

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