1-The Common Wealth
It was originally known as ‘The British Commonwealth of Nations’. It is an association of sovereign and independent states which formally made up the British Empire.
Headquarters: London.
Members: 53
The British Monarch (Queen Elizabeth II) is the symbolic head of the commonwealth.
Commonwealth heads of government meet (CHOGM) is held in every 2 years.

2-Arab League
Established: March 22, 1945.
Objective: To promote economic, social, political and military cooperation.
Members: 22
Headquarters: Cairo

3-Asia Public Economic Corporation (APEC)
Established: Nov, 1989
Objective: To promote trade and investment in the Pacific basin.
Members: 21

4-Asian Development Bank (ADB)
Established: Dec. 19, 1966
Objective: To promote regional economic cooperation.
Members: 59
Headquarters: Manila

5-Association of South-East Asian Nations (ASEAN)
Established: Aug. 8, 1967
Objective: Regional, economic, social and cultural cooperation among the non-communist countries of South-East Asia.
Members: Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, Cambodia.
Headquarters: Djakarta.

6-Common Wealth of Independent States (CIS)
Established: Dec. 8, 1991
Objective: To coordinate inter-common wealth relations and to provide a mechanism for the orderly dissolution on the USSR.
Members: 12
Headquarters: Kirava (Belarus)

7-Group of 8 or G-8
Established: Sept. 22, 1985
Objective: To promote co-operation among major non-communist economic powers.
Members: France, Germany, Japan, UK, US, Canada, Italy, Plus Russia (added later).

8-Group of 15 or G-15
Established: 1889
Objective: To promote economic co-operation among developing nations.
Members: 18


9-Group of 77 or G-77
Established: Oct. 1967
Objective: To promote economic co-operation among developing nations.
Members: 130

10-International Criminal Police Organization For (INTERPOL)
Established: 1914
Objective: To promote the international cooperation among criminal police authorities.
Members: 186
Headquarters: France.

11-International Olympic Committee (IOC)
Established: June 23, 1894
Objective: To promote the Olympic ideals and administer Olympic Games.
Members: 203
Headquarters: Switzerland.

12-International Organization For Standardization ( ISO)
Established: Feb., 1947
Objective: To promote development of international standards.
Members: 158
Headquarters: Switzerland.

13-International Red Cross And Crescent Movement
Established: 1928
Objective: To promote worldwide humanitarian aid.
Headquarters: Geneva.

14-Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)
Established: Sep., 1961
Objective: Political co-operation and separate itself from both USA and USSR (in the cold-war era).
Members: 118
The credit of evolving the concept goes to Pt. Jawahar lal Nehru. The other contributors were Marshal Tito (President of Yugoslavia), Dr. Sukamo (President of Indonesia) and General Nasser (President of Egypt). Bandung conference in Indonesia became the forum for the birth of NAM.

15-European Union
Established: Apr.8, 1965. Effective on July 1, 1967
Objective: To create a united Europe in which member countries would have such strong economic and political bonds that war would cease to be a recurring fact.
Members: 27 (The ten new countries which joined in 2004 are Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Poland, Slavakia and Slovania). Bulgaria & Romania joined in 2007.
Headquarters: Brussels (Belgium). The common European, currency, Euro, was launched on Jan. 1, 1999

16-North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
Established: April 4, 1949
Objective: Mutual defense and cooperation
Members: 26 + Russia
Headquarters: Brussels

17-Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)
Established: Sept,1959
Objective: Attempts to set world prices by controlling oil production and also persues member interest in trade and development.
Members: 12 (Algeria, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, UAE, Nigeria, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Angola and Venezuela).
Headquarters: Vienna (Austria).

18-South Asian Association For Regional Cooperation (SAARC)
Established: Dec. 8, 1985
Objective: To promote economic, social and cultural cooperation.
Members:8, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Srilanka, Afghanistan.
Headquarters: Katmandu.

19-World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
Established: Oct. 11, 1947, Effective from April 4, 1951.
Objective: Specialized UN Agency concerned with meteorological cooperation.
Members: 162
Headquarters: Geneva

20-Amnesty International (AI)
Established: 1961
Objective: To keep a watch over human rights violation worldwide.
Headquarters: London
Got Nobel Prize in 1977 for Peace.

21-Organization Of The Islamic Conference (OIC)
Established: 1969
Objective: To promote Islamic solidarity among member states and to consolidate cooperation among members.
Members: 57
Headquarters: Jedah

22-Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO)
Established: June 7, 2002.
Objective: To develop mutual cooperation.
Members: Russia, China, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrghiztan and Tajikistan.


23-Scouts and Guides
Established: 1907 by Lt. Gen. Baden Powell.
Objective: To encourage good character, loyalty to god and country, service to other people and physical and mental fitness.
Members: About 13 million members of around 115 nations.
World Scouts Bureau: Geneva (Switzerland).

24-World Wildlife Fund For Nature (WWF)
Established: Sept. 11, 1961
Objective: To save the wildlife from extinction
Members: All the countries of the world
Headquarters: Gland (Switzerland

World Famous Parliaments.

Indian
Parliament (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha)

Nepal
Rashtriya Panchayat

Pakistan
National Assembly

Denmark
Folketing

Britain
Parliament (House of commons and House of Lords)

Russia
Duma and Federal Council

Germany
Bundstag (Lower House) and Bundesrat (Upper House)

China
National people’s Congress

Switzerland
Federal Assembly

France
National Assembly

U.S.A.
Congress (house of Representatives and Senate)

Turkey
Grand National Assembly

Bhutan
Tshogdu

Iran
Majlis

Bangladesh
Jatiya Sansad

Afghanistan
Shora

Norway
Storting

Isreal
Knesset

Spain
Cortes Generales

Maldives
Mazlis

Australia
Federal Parliament

Japan
Diet

Myanmar
Pyithu Hluttaw (People’s Assembly)

Canada
Parliament

Continents


Asia

Asia is the largest continent in the world in both, area and population.

Area:

43,810,582 km² (16,915,360.3 sq mi).

Population:

Almost 4 billion human inhabitants, about 60 percent of the world's population.

Highest Point:

Sagarmatha (Chomolungma; Mount Everest) 8848m (29,028 ft), Nepal.

Largest Lakes:

1.Caspian Sea (salt lake) 371, 000 km2 (143, 250 mi2)
2.Ozero Baykal, Lake Baikal 31, 500 km2 in Siberia is the world's largest freshwater lake by volume.
Longest River:

Yangtze (Yángzî Jiang) China, 6380 km (3,964 mi).

Languages of Asia:

Arabic, Chinese, Hindi, Russian.Countries In Asia
Eastern Asia

Country-------Capital

China-----------Beijing
China-----------Hong Kong
China---------- Macau
China-----------Tibet
Japan-----------Tokyo
Korea(North)-----P'yongyang
Korea(South)----Seoul
Mongolia---------Ulaanbaatar
Taiwan-----------Taipei Northern Asia

Russian Federation--MoscowCentral- Asia
Iran-----------------Teheran
Kazakhstan----------Astana
Kyrgyzstan----------Bishkek
Tajikistan-----------Dushanbe
Turkmenistan-------Ashgabat
Uzbekistan----------TashkentSouth- Asia
Afghanistan---------Kabul
Bangladesh----------Dhaka
Bhutan--------------Thimphu
India----------------New Delhi
Maldives------------Male
Nepal---------------Kathmandu
Pakistan------------Islamabad
Sri Lanka-----------Colombo
South-East Asia

Brunei Darussalam----Bandar Seri Begawan
Cambodia------------Phnom Penh
Indonesia------------Jakarta
Laos-----------------Vientiane
Malaysia--------------Kuala Lumpur
Myanmar (Burma)-----Naypyidaw
Philippines------------Manila
Singapore------------Singapore
Thailand--------------Bangkok
Timor-Leste-----------Dili
Viet Nam--------------Hanoi Western Asia and Middle East

Armenia---------------Yerevan
Azerbaijan-------------Baku
Bahrain----------------Manama
Cyprus-----------------Nicosia (Lefkosia)
Georgia----------------T'bilisi
Iraq--------------------Baghdad
Israel-------------------Jerusalem
Jordan------------------Amman
Kuwait------------------Kuwait (City)
Lebanon----------------Beirut
Oman-------------------Muscat
Palestine----------------Jerusalem
Qatar-------------------Doha (Al-Dawhah)
Saudi Arabia-------------Riyadh
Syria--------------------Damascus
Turkey------------------Ankara
United Arab Emirates-----Abu Dhabi
Yemen-------------------Sanaa
Africa

Africa is the second-largest continent in the world in both area and population.

Area:

About 30, 244, 000 km² (11, 700 000 mi²) including its adjacent islands.
It covers about 20 percent of Earth's total land area.

Population:

900,000,000, about 20 percent of the world's population.

Highest Point:

Mount Kilimanjaro - Uhuru Peak on the volcano Kibo, 5,895 m (19,340 ft) in Tanzania.

Largest Lake:

Lake Victoria or Victoria Nyanza; 68,870 sq km.

Longest River:

Nile. 6,695 km.

Languages of Africa:

About thousand languages classified in four major language families:
Afro-Asiatic (e.g. Berber lang), Nilo-Saharan, Niger-Congo (Bantu), and Khoi-San.
Countries in Africa


Eastern Africa

Burundi---------------Bujumbura
Comoros--------------Moroni
Djibouti---------------Djibouti
Eritrea----------------Asmara
Ethiopia---------------Addis Ababa
Kenya-----------------Nairobi
Madagascar-----------Antananarivo
Malawi----------------Lilongwe
Mauritius--------------Port Louis
Mozambique-----------Maputo
Réunion---------------Saint-Denis
Rwanda---------------Kigali
Seychelles------------Victoria
Somalia---------------Mogadishu
Tanzania--------------Dar es Salaam
Uganda---------------Kampala
Zambia----------------Lusaka
Zimbabwe-------------Harare Central Africa (Middle Africa)


Angola----------------Luanda
Cameroon-------------Yaoundé
Central African Republic--Bangui
Chad------------------N'Djamena
Congo, Rep.(Brazzaville)--Brazzaville
Congo, Dem. Rep.(Kinshasa)--Kinshasa
Equatorial Guinea-------Malabo
Gabon------------------Libreville
São Tomé and Príncipe---São Tomé Northern Africa

Algeria------------------Algiers
Egypt-------------------Cairo
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya---Tripoli
Morocco-----------------Rabat
Sudan-------------------Khartoum
Tunisia------------------Tunis
Western Sahara Southern Africa


Botswana----------------Gaborone
Lesotho------------------Maseru
Namibia------------------Windhoek
South Africa--------------Pretoria
Swaziland----------------Mbabane
Western Africa


Benin---------------------Porto-Novo
Burkina Faso--------------Ouagadougou
Cape Verde---------------Praia
Côte d'Ivoire--------------Yamoussoukro
Gambia,-------------------The Banjul
Ghana---------------------Accra
Guinea---------------------Conakry
Guinea-Bissau--------------Bissau
Liberia---------------------Monrovia
Mali-----------------------Bamako
Mauritania-----------------Nouakchott
Niger----------------------Niamey
Nigeria--------------------Abuja
Saint Helena---------------Jamestown
Senegal-------------------Dakar
Sierra Leone---------------Freetown
Togo----------------------Lomé
Europe

Area:

10,180,000 km² (3,930,000 sq mi)

Population:

712,000,000

Highest Point:

1. El'brus in Russia, (5,642 m/18,510 ft)
2. Mont Blanc, France-Italy: 4,807m (15,771 ft)

Largest Lake:

Lake Balaton Hungary, largest lake of Central Europe, 592 km².

Longest Rivers:

1. Volga 3,690 km (2,293 miles)
2. Danube 2850 km (1770 miles)

Languages of Europe:

English, French, German, Greek, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Nordic Languages, East European languages.

Countries In Europe

Eastern Europe

Belarus ---------------------Minsk
Bulgaria---------------------Sofia
Czech Republic--------------Prague
Hungary--------------------Budapest
Moldova--------------------Chisinau
Poland----------------------Warsaw
Romania--------------------Bucharest
Russian Federation----------Moscow
Slovakia--------------------Bratislava
Ukraine---------------------Kiev
Northern Europe

Denmark--------------------Copenhagen
Estonia---------------------Tallinn
Faroe Islands (Denmark)-----Tórshavn
Finland ---------------------Helsinki
Greenland (Denmark) --------Nuuk (Godthab)
Iceland----------------------Reykjavik
Ireland ----------------------Dublin (City)
Latvia-----------------------Riga
Lithuania--------------------Vilnius
Northern Ireland (UK)--------Belfast
Norway---------------------Oslo
Scotland (UK) --------------Edinburgh
Sweden -------------------Stockholm
United Kingdom -------------London
Wales (UK) -----------------CardiffSouthern Europe

Albania---------------------Tirana
Andorra--------------------Andorra la Vella
Bosnia and Herzegovina ----Sarajevo
Croatia (Hrvatska) ---------Zagreb
Cyprus --------------------Nicosia (Lefkosia)
Gibraltar (UK) --------------Gibraltar
Greece---------------------Athens
Holy See (Vatican City State) -----Vatican City

Italy ----------------------Rome
Macedonia ----------------Skopje
Malta ---------------------Valletta
Montenegro ---------------Podgorica
Portugal ------------------Lisbon
San Marino ---------------San Marino
Serbia --------------------Belgrade
Slovenia ------------------Ljubljana
Spain ---------------------Madrid
Turkey -------------------Ankara Western Europe

Austria -------------------Vienna
Belgium-------------------Brussels
France--------------------Paris
Germany------------------Berlin
Liechtenstein--------------Vaduz
Luxembourg ---------------Luxembourg
Monaco -------------------Monaco
Netherlands ---------------Amsterdam
Switzerland ---------------Bern

Americas and the Caribbean

Area:

North America: 24,709,000 km² (9,540,000 sq mi)

Central America and the Caribbean: 20, 720, 000 km2 (8, 000, 000 mi2);

South America: 17, 900, 000 km2 (6, 900, 000 mi2)

Population:

North America: 329 million;

Central America and the Caribbean (incl. Mexico): 186 million

South America: 382,000,000

Highest Point:

Aconcagua, 6959 m (22,831 ft), Mendoza, Argentina.

Largest Lake:

Lake Superior, surface area 82,000 km2 (32,000 mi2), larger than Panama.

Longest River:

Rio Amazonas (Amazon), 6, 296 km (3, 912 mi), South America.

Languages of the Americas:

English, French, Spanish, Portuguese, Dutch, various native Indian languages, French patois, Creole.


Central America

Belize--------------------Belmopan
Costa Rica ---------------San José
El Salvador---------------San Salvador
Guatemala ---------------Guatemala (City)
Honduras-----------------Tegucigalpa
Nicaragua ----------------Managua
Panama ------------------Panama (City) South America

Argentina-----------------Buenos Aires
Bolivia--------------------La Paz
Brazil---------------------Brasilia
Chile---------------------Santiago
Colombia-----------------Bogotá D.C.
Ecuador------------------Quito
French Guiana------------Cayenne
Guyana------------------Georgetown
Paraguay-----------------Asunción
Peru---------------------Lima
Suriname----------------Paramaribo
Uruguay-----------------Montevideo
Venezuela---------------Caracas

North America

Canada------------------Ottawa
Mexico-------------------Mexico (City)
United States------------Washington D.C



Caribbean

Anguilla-------------------The Valley
Antigua and Barbuda ------Saint John's
Aruba --------------------Oranjestad
Bahamas -----------------Nassau
Barbados -----------------Bridgetown
Bermuda ------------------Hamilton
British Virgin Islands--------Road Town
Cayman Islands -----------George Town
Cuba ---------------------Havana
Dominica ------------------Roseau
Dominican Republic --------Santo Domingo
Grenada ------------------Saint George's
Guadeloupe ---------------Basse-Terre
Haiti ----------------------Port-au-Prince
Jamaica -------------------Kingston
Martinique -----------------Fort-de-France
Netherlands Antilles --------Willemstad
Puerto Rico ----------------San Juan
Saint Kitts and Nevis -------Basseterre
Saint Lucia ----------------Castries
Trinidad and Tobago --------Port-of-Spain
US Virgin Islands -----------Charlotte Amalie

Australia and Oceania


The region of Oceania includes Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia, New Guinea, and New Zealand,
and when it is used as the name of a continent it also includes Australia.

Sometimes this continent is only called "Australia", and a few people call it Australasia.


Area:

9,008,458 km² (3,478,185.1 sq mi)

Population:

33 million

Highest Point:

Puncak Jaya (Carstensz Pyramid 4884 m/16 023 ft), Papua Province, Indonesia

Largest Lake:

Lake Eyre, Australia

Longest River:

Murray-Darling river system 3750 km (2300 mi)

Languages of Oceania:

English, French, Melanesian pidgin, Melanesian-Polynesian Languages.Australia and New Zealand

Australia----------------------Canberra
New Zealand------------------Wellington Melanesia - the islands in the southwestern part of Oceania.

Fiji --------------------------Suva
New Caledonia ---------------Nouméa
Papua New Guinea------------Port Moresby
Solomon Islands--------------Honiara
Vanuatu----------------------Port-Vila

Micronesia, the islands in the northwestern part of Oceania.

Guam-------------------------Hagåtña (Agana)
Kiribati------------------------Tarawa
Marshall Islands----------------Majuro
Micronesia (Federated States of Micronesia)-----------Palikir
Nauru-------------------------None
Northern Mariana Islands-------Saipan
Palau--------------------------Melekeok

Polynesia, the islands in the eastern part of Oceania.

American Samoa----------------Pago Pago
Cook Islands--------------------Avarua
French Polynesia (Tahiti)--------Papeete
Niue---------------------------Alofi
Pitcairn -----------------------Adamstown
Samoa-------------------------Apia
Tonga-------------------------Nuku'alofa
Tuvalu-------------------------Funafuti

Can someone please share these books or maybe even one of them or download link plzzzzzzzz

1) Modern English in Action Henry Christ (D.C. Heath & Co.)

2)Eminent Muslim Scientists 1991 S. Fakhre Alam Naqvi

3)Exploring Life Science 1975 Walter A. Thurber, Robert
E. Kilburn, Peter S. Howell

4)Exploring Physical Science 1977 Walter A. Thurber, Robert
E. Kilburn, Peter S. Howell

5)Physical Geography-Science and Systems of
the Human Environment 2009
Alan H. Strahler, Arthur N.
Strallar

6)Reasoning Builder for Admission and
Standardized Test
Staff of Research
Education

7)Government & Politics in South Asia, 6th ed.,
2009
Baxter, Malik, Kennedy &
Oberst,

8)International Organization (Second Edition)
2012
Volker Rittberger, Bernhard
Zangl and Andress Kruck

9)Powering Pakistan: Meetings Pakistan
Energy Needs in 21st Century
Robert M. Hathaway and Michael
Gugelman

10)Administrative Development an Islamic Perspective Muhammad Al-Buraey

11)Islamization of Pakistan Zafar Iqbal