My CA notes in soft copy ......

1.New silk road for betterment of economic ties with regional as well global powers. Boast-up of trade for the prosperity of region .
Episode from History (Graveyard of Empires).
1.Alexander the Great conquered,Buddhism was the dominant religion in Afghanistan .
2. At the end of the seventh century, Islam spread in Afghanistan when Arab invaders from the Umayyad


Dynasty defeated the Persian empire of the Sassanians
3.Complete conversion of Afghanistan to Islam occurred during the rule of the Gaznavids,and in 1504 it was conquered by Babur.
4.Afganistan become sandwich between Mughal empire and safvid dynasty ;former controlling kabul and east and later Herat and western Afganistan .
5.A former officer of persian ruler Nadir shah ,Ahmed shah Durani emerged and consolidated the empire after the assassination of Nadir Shah.
6.Dost Mohmme9d khan emerged in later period and followed by Anglo-Afghan wars.


1.First Anglo Aghan war (1838-1842).
2.Second Anglo-Afghan war (1878-1880).
3.3rd Anglo Afgan war (1919-1929) By King Amanullah .



20th Century and Rulers of Afganistan.

Treaty of Rawalpinidi (August 8,1919) and
1.King Amanullah first independent ruler (1919-1929).
2.king Mohammad Nadir Shah (1929-1933).
3.King zahir shah(1933-1973).

King zahir shah pursued communist ideology and built closer ties with USSR .USSR initiated multiple infrastructure projects during his reign .He was abroad for surgery when Military leader Daud over thrown the government .

4.king Daud 1978--Killed by peoples` democratic party of Afganistan.
5.Hafizullah Amin and Noor Mohammad Taraki

Soviet invasion and occupation period .

1.december 27,1979 invaded to dominate Mujahideen occpation and installed barabarak kamal replacing Amin;but he was exiled by Hafiz and Ameen.

Mujahideen PROXY = USA ,CIA and ISI
SOviet occupation = Supported by Afghan militia,tribal belts and democratic party .

seven major mujahideen parties and their alliances(peshawer -7)
party leaders..



1.Gulbadeen hikmatyar
2.Burhan ud din Rabbani (Killed in USA drone attacks 2011,september)
3.sibghatullah Mujajdidi
4.Muhammad Nabi Muhammad.(Died)
5.Abid e RAB Rasool e sayyaf
6.younas khalis(died)
7.Piyr Gillani


U.S.A provided ''stingers ''(PORTABLE SHOULDER FIRED AIR CRAFT) to Mujahideen in order to combat Soviet air crafts . In 1986, after the reformist Mikhail Gorbachev became leader, the Soviets replaced Karmal with the director of Afghan intelligence, Najibullah Ahmedzai (known by his first name).



Geneva Accords (1988) and Soviet Withdrawal

1.Russia withdrawl from Afganistan , fof Najibullah to rule ;weakned government
2.Reduced influenced after the collapse of USSR .
3.Both powers cutoff military aid for Afganistan in 1991.

The Mujahidden Government and Rise of Taliban.
weakened government of Najibullah followed by Taliban rule and both Burhandin Rabani and hikmatyar pursued hot conflicts for the containment of Afhanistan(civil war 1992-1996).Mullah Umer was military person of Khalis`s party ;moderate one but turned against USA.
Taliban Rule (September 1996-November 2001.
.

The Taliban authorized its “Ministry for the Promotion of Virtue and the Suppression of Vice” to use physical punishments to enforce strict Islamic practices, including bans on television, Western music, and dancing. It prohibited women from attending school or working outside the home, except in health care, and it publicly executed some women for adultery.

U.S. Policy Toward the Taliban During Its Rule/Bin Laden Presence
The United Nations continued to seat representatives of the Rabbani government, not the Taliban.. After the August 7, 1998, Al Qaeda bombings of U.S. embassies in Kenya and Tanzania, the Clinton Administration began to strongly pressure the Taliban to extradite him, imposing U.S. sanctions on Taliban-controlled Afghanistan and achieving adoption of some U.N. sanctions as well.

The “Northern Alliance” Congeals
• Uzbeks/General Dostam
• Hazara Shiites
• Pashtun Islamists/Sayyaf.
⦁ Northern Allaince is being supported by Ruusai ,Iran and India (having their own motives) loose its grounds and Taliban controlled the major part of region in 2001.

⦁ Taliban did not agree to hand over OBL to USA which lead to the military action in Afganistan despite being the fact UN did not authorize ''Operation enduring freedom''.it help Northern and anti-taliban forces.
⦁ Obama administration main objective is to dismantle safe heavens and established anti-taliban government , instability in region could jeopardize governance process.

Exit strategy in Afghanistan


1.Interim administration --bonn accords . june 2002

2.constitution --presidential set up (Northern Alliance wanted prime minister ship and given powers to parliament also.Equal status of women ,minorities rights ,electoral road map and hanfi based ideology is promulgated

3.Presidential election--one president and two vice president .president tenure should be of five years .

4.First parliamentary election and first provincial and district elections.

5.2nd presidential,parliamentary and provincial election --
1.2009 election no one can get more then 50 % majority and in 2010 result of election were disputed.

6.3rd presidential election . Karzai has no competitor for next term in 2014 but Abdullah tajik .


Obama exit policy


1. dismantle taliban


i) Quetta shurra Taliban based on Mullah Umer network



ii)Al Qaeda/Bin Laden


Leon Panetta said on June 27, 2010, that Al Qaeda fighters in Afghanistan itself might number 50-100—a range since reiterated by other officials.U.S. efforts to find Al Qaeda leaders now reportedly focus on his close ally Ayman al-Zawahiri, who is also presumed to be on the Pakistani side of the border and who was named new leader of Al Qaeda in June 2011. The top operational leader of Al Qaeda, Abu Yahya al-Libi, was killed by an armed drone in Pakistan in early June 2012.

III)Hikmatyar faction.

Iv)Haqqani faction. (khost province ---working against Indian targets)and sanctuary in North Waziristan. U.S. officials said the key goal of the designation is to help convince other countries to shut down Haqqani-run businesses and other funding sources.
Pakistani groups.

1.TTP.Support Afghanistan for recapturing it and target against USA .
2.LET ..laskr e tyyaba

⦁ Bombing is due to infiltration or disgruntled Afghan force due to burning of Holy Quran bu USA forces .
⦁ Ammonium Nitrate exported from Multan is used in making explosive bombs
⦁ opium harvest and trade is used for purchase of arms and ammunition.


summary of USA strategy and Implementation.

⦁ prevention from terrorist attacks
⦁ Establishment of strong government
⦁ Pakistan cooperation for the elimination of haqqani network .
⦁ Encourage partners to remain in Afghanistan for security.
⦁ Economic development region.

President Obama and other senior U.S. officials have consistently sought to reassure the Afghans by saying that the end of 2014 will not produce a complete U.S. pullout but mark a transition to Afghan leadership.


The Afghan National Army

Afghan National Police (ANP)

Afghan Air Force

Supplements to the National Police: Afghan Local Police (ALP) and Other Local Forces

• Afghan Public Protection Force

Rule of Law/Criminal Justice Sector


. • President Francois Hollande, inaugurated in May 2012, reiterated in the context of the May 20-21 NATO summit in Chicago that he would fulfill his pledge to pull French combat troops out by the end of 2012, a year earlier than the time frame of former President Sarkozy. As noted, France turned over Kapisa Province to Afghan control on July 4, 2012, as part of this process.

• Britain announced in early 2012 that it would withdraw about 500 of its force by the end of 2012, and the remainder of the contingent would remain until the end of 2014. However, as of September 2012, British officials and commanders assert that their mission in Helmand is winding down and they reportedly are considering removing several thousand more during 2013—and possibly even ending their combat operations prior to the end of 2014. Still, Britain has signed a partnership agreement with Afghanistan and it is likely to keep some trainers in Afghanistan after 2014.

• Italy and Germany have also indicated an intent to try to wind down their involvement in Afghanistan before the end of 2014. • Denmark said it will withdraw 120 troops by the end of 2012, but will increase development aid and ANSF training contributions.

• Poland said in March 2012 that it would not withdraw forces before the end of 2014.

• Belgium said it will remove 300 personnel from Kabul International Airport by the end of 2012.

• Turkey is to redeploy 200-300 personnel from Kabul by the end of 2013.


• Australia plans to end its mission in Afghanistan before the 2014 completion of the transition. In April 2012, it began to hand off its mission in Uruzgan Province to Afghan forces.

• New Zealand said in May 2012 it will withdraw its troops in Bamiyan Province in early 2013.

• South Korea said in July 2012 that it might pull at least some of its 400 forces out of Parwan Province in early 2013, with the remainder to stay until the end of 2014.

Iran’s economic aid to Afghanistan supports international efforts to develop Afghanistan.Iran provide linkages from port chahbhar but there is divergence on the issue of terrorism;Iranian Quds Revolutionary guards are providing training to Afghna militants.

India has diametrically opposed goals as compared to Pakistan but USA now given India privilege to train security forces which India has denied but cooperating in energy and economical related issues .

Russia want to contain USA and control of NATO supply routes .and responded to NATO request to provide helicopters and want to contain new silk road .

China the accommodated SCO and main interests in the region is for energy and mining of copper and coal.



1. RECONSTRUCTION

1,Education
2,Health
3,women
4.Economy
5.Roads.
6.Bridges
7.Railways
8.Electricity.
9.Solar power
10.Agriculture.
11.Telecommunications
12.Minings
13.Airlines
14.Amu Darya Basin and Other Oil Field Projects
15.Trade Promotion/Reconstruction Opportunity Zones

Chunks from past with Russia and Pakistan relations.

The relation with Russia were not developed and sustained .Russia developed cordial relations with India in correlation to China.Pakistan tilted towards USA in that bipolar world .On Kashmir ,Russia stance was totally one-sided and supportive of democrat-India.Russia ,in late 50z desired to develop relationship with Pakistan .But its overtures were not listened by our past governments .Its stance over Kashmir has two prongs ;one states the right of self determination and other states it is an integral part of India.Many times ,it used its veto power against Kashmirs rights in security council in order to favor Indians .




Bureaucracy and bangladesh facade

Super powers or emerging power relations with developing countries can be categorized in to A ,B ,C .D degrees.Pakistan in later 50z was able to attain grade B but for a short period .Its relation can be lift into the category of D ,in which cold war hostility exist .while in C bureaucratic engagement is phenomenal.The worsened relations with Soviet Union was due to Pakistan bureaucratic regime ;which was responsible for poor foreign policy and political instability at home .prime minister Hussain shaeed suharwardi advisor was American and Iskander Mirza son was married to US ambassador `s daughter .Ayub and Guhlam was hysteric for power and authority .





Pakistan did not followed the communist super power policy of regional encirclement.so , Moscow stance was critical when part of pakistan was scrapped from the world map.Russia tilted toward India and demand from the Pakistan to stop the aggression. Pakistan had accepted it .Its containment policy supported the slogan of paskhtunism correletion to kashmir `s stance;oppose the right of self determination.Pakistan being signatory of CEATO and SENTO was not approved as being supportive of USA .Soviet union also did not bargain the presence of Afghan Muhajir Influx and it also affected economy of Pakistan badly.


Steel Mill and Soviet`s Credits.


Finance Minister ,Ghulam Ishaq Khan, managed to retrieve aid from USSR for Karachi Still Mills .But , Afghanistan `s issue became bone of contention between these two states and relations went
bad again.soviet union political compromise of Afghanistan and USA did the same for Pakistan.

Agreements and deals with Russia


The deal between the two states mentioned Nationals holding diplomatic and official passport from both countries can visit for 90 days and shell enter via -viz check points.
The second agreement was took place in 1994 ,between Foreign ministers ,in order to spread peace in the region and solving international disputes via bilaterally .
The Third agreement took place in 1997 , which dealt the matters of cultural exchange ,assimilation and in education ,science and technology fields.It also includes media cooperation and broadcasting the news of each state television and Radio(translated).
Another ,agreement took place between the states in order to diminish drug trafficking and illicit trade.
Another was consular convention between Russia and Pakistan.

Sharif period and Russia

Nawaz Sharif ,after 25 years,tried to Improve relations with Russia .It was for Russia `s support for kashmir issue and Nuclear armaments and military expansion.Nawaz tried to Improve frosty relations but Russia was not ready to compromise Indian factor in Pakistan.And asked it ,to stop any nuclear and military aggression .And its overtures over Kashmir issue was the same as in past;to solve it bilaterally implicating Simla accord.
Russia stressed on Taliban issue as a major threat and warned it for future implications by asking to solve it bilaterally .It also showed its disagreement on sending forces to Kossovo.

6.The another agreement was took place in the fields of economic cooperation during 1999. This was initiated in order to improve trade and import-export ties.


1,Musharraf and Vladamir Putin
2.Pipeline issue

__________________
"Wa tu izzu man-ta shaa, wa tu zillu man-ta shaa"

China and USA Relations

1.convergences
a.climate change
b.financial crisis
c.nuclear non proliferation.

2.Major issues
a.trade
b.Taiwan and Tibet
c.human rights
d.joint military exercise in south Korea,yellow sea
e.china`s currency policy
g.Intellectual copyright concerns.
h.china`s military vs USA


The two countries have different economic as well as political models and USA voiced against china`s currency manipulation.China investment in Burma and Sudan deteriorating its foreign policy there.China role is welcomed by USA in WTO and IMF .USA is assisting China since 2000 for the development of democracy in the region of PRC and Xinjiang region bordering Afghanistan and in Taiwan ;disputed territory .USA says that china should coordinate with it for the betterment of cliamtic conditions.but China argument is USA is alone responsible for poor climatic conditions because it is continuing destroying Global commons.so It has larger share comparing it with china.China is using solar and hydro-power for electric-generation.

USA also reiterated human Rights abuses in china and developments in Xinjiang and Tibet.It has detained many high profile USA citizens which is sore cause of its apprehensions.china has ,though increased the wages of labors but it does not allowed them to make independent unions .Uguhurs and Xinjaing consisted of Muslim community ; human rights abuses ,detentions and low wages has caused unrest in this region .people who voiced against china`s one child policy are detained .Many people who stand for people `s rights were sentenced and prisoned .Liu xiaobo was detained for 11 years because he systematized democracy there and wrote a book ,''democracy and dissemination on line' and Liu won Nobel prize for this book.






china and japan Naval dispute also soured its relations with USA .Because ,USA military has overwhelmed the region and come inside the prohibited economic exclusive zone which is prohibited according to international law. Only UNO can come closer to this zone in order to moniter disputes .If china has detained USA citizens then its high profile citizens are detainees of Japan . whereas ,both countries relations


USA wants friendly relations after 2010 and its stance on Taiwan is ironical.Now ,it claims that Taiwan is a part of China but there is only one China.This stance is quite diplomatic and twisted.USA wants there peaceful settlements there.USA military presence is questioned by China .Now ,Taiwan is converted into flagrant democracy .These developments are maneuvered by USA .And it is against the interests of China.The arm sale to Taiwan ,support for democracy and nomination of state rebel leaders as Nobel laureate and exiled leaders refuge in its dominion are the conflicting things between these two powers

__________________
"Wa tu izzu man-ta shaa, wa tu zillu man-ta shaa"

sadia@
you have shared much precious information regarding world affairs ...please throw light on deteriorating economic situation of Pakistan, debts, FDI, Circular Debt, inflation, etc

My other notes are in hard copy format ,but I will share them as requested .

Regards ,

sadia shafiq

__________________
"Wa tu izzu man-ta shaa, wa tu zillu man-ta shaa"

The role of media corporates and sega of conflicts between power brokers ..


A decade ago , Pakistan have no access to free speech . Global trends of free flow of information has been changed which aimed at to target larger masses . In Pakistan , Musharraf had liberalized the media policies and issued licenses for Private stock holders . On the other hand , international franchises and NGOs are also working to promote specific agendas and along with providing relief to common public . For example , doctor shakeel Afreedi example proved above fact . Pakistan`s media owners do not have access of capital. In fact , advertisement are blood of mass media that might be the case of print or electronic media . So Media needs money which is filtered by these international franchises and from reputed trusts .

Viewing Pakistan`s information minsitry structure is a great surprise . Ironically , Pakistan `s has media regulator as well as information minsiters . These two are working to normalize the ongoing trends . But incapable to control the over-flooded informations and obscene materials from private TV channels . In Pakistan , for electronic media regulation ,there is an institaution (PEMARA, pakistan electronic media authority ) which come under the information ministry .Comparing it with India , it has only information ministry which work for both ; information and regulation . There are 5-6 countries where information ministry is structured under the government .Apart from such countries , there are only electronic media regulator and no information ministry at all .

Almost , all countries have well defined editorial policy for each television channel . And government can ban channels ,if any of the channel do not follow terms and conditions of these clauses . Unfortunately , Pakistan is the country where there is no editorial policy for each channel . Channels are being dictated . Media owners , anchors and ad provider are in conflict . The matter has further deteriorated when role of rating agency is inducted . Anchors or intellectuals are not free from dictation rather these are faces with masks. people believe what they said ,but they said which is actually true but a hot-cake story .sometimes ,these stories are not based on true fact but work to raise sentiments of larger masses .

Will I or you like to say that media is free in Pakistan ? Not at all ! It is being dictated by media owners and anchors do not dare to deny because they are having 15,00000 lacs salary . Money have pruchased their capabilities and they will work for money which is determined by rating agencies . The channel with higher ratage is given ads . It is international policy to channel ads 12 mins /hour . But , in Pakistan ads are channeled 24 mins/ hour . Many cases have been processed in supreme court but no order has been passed due to vested interests of big politicians as well .

This year , Eric E. Schmidt Executive Chairman of goggle have to come to define editorial policy of Google in Pakistan as well of you-tube . you-tube banning put the issue behind the burner . It will really add extra revenues in our country . Taking ,the same thing in dramas and commercials which just leading us towards consumerism . This is the main reason of our unemployment and we do not know in ignorance ; we are adding extra revenues by purchasing cellular phones ; highly densely country for mobiles .

There should be editorial policy as well as dual -institutions should be removed from Pakistan administrative structure . These are the sole cause of conflicts and sort of privilege for private TV channels

__________________
"Wa tu izzu man-ta shaa, wa tu zillu man-ta shaa"

Looking back into the past for diplomatic dealings with regional countries as well as with Super powers ,Pakistan has been remained weak in tackling it . Dwindling resources and inflationary trends are the two main fact which have been sprawled due to military ,civil and political tussle. Same manner , each country serve for its own strategic interests . Pakistan `s failure gave upper hand to USA because these are rental based relation or very much similar to parasitic . The main issues between two countries which has soured the relations are ;

• Nuclear proliferation .
• Aiding Tali-ban.
• China and Pakistan nexus .
• Drone Attacks .
• Air bases
• Gawadar port
• Baluchistan issue
• Kashmir problem International terrorist of Pakistan`s origin

These are the main issues which have put down the trade between two countries and aid is sanctioned . Pakistan is not a basket case who is dependent solely over aid . Pakistan`s budget is nearly of 60 billion .And US aid is merely 6-7% of Pakistan`s budget . The aid given to Pakistan is amounted 700-800 million . But , it is very tragic that Pakistan has lose its friends in USA like Henry Kissinger or John kery , congress has passed unanimous resolution regarding aid that should not be given to Pakistan . This is diplomatic failure . That failure has lowered the graph of foreign reserves that come in the form of trade .


Though ,OBL fiasco has been given a big hand and but dr.shakeel Afrid case has sour the relations ,it is because that person is passing classified information to CIA and abused human rights . Actually , he spied for Osama and injected first dose of vaccine to people without completion of vaccination .He fled after providing DNA samples to CIA .

Salala incidents, and burning of Holy Quran (norani Qaida) had soured the relation and after such scenario the case has passed to Pakistan`s parliament .NATO supply routes have been seized . Shamsi Airbase was evacuated .USA officials have been scrutinized to remain in Islamabad only . Parliament has delayed recommendations regarding USA relations ; the delay in foreign policy is not a foreign policy ,there should be
no pauses in foreign policy .

The recommendation has been passed and routes have been opened after appreciating the transit tax fee . But drone attacks were not put down .USA could not invade Pakistan being nuclear armed country ,so according to them it is high policy to continue such attacks .The case of saleem shehzad and Ghulam nabi fai ; earlier is involved in Time square bombing where as later is aiding Kasmiriz (Assassinate of USA in Kashmir ) was given two year prison .

Pakistan has given Gawadar port ; rival of USA which dysfunction US design in the region . Pakistan ,India and USA are working for Afghanistan .UN 1929 resolution has soured that triangular relations because Iran has constructed pipeline whereas it is in agreement who failed in construction will have to pay 200 million usd per day as charge . Where as Pakistan has to pay no transit fee as in case of TAPI .

Chnia OGDCL bank has denied to give any aid to Pakistan for IP .Whereas ,no filed for gas has been established in south pars . Pakistan has now started construction of IP and signed an agreement on TAPI .This matter is very sensitive for USA ,that`s why it has given charge to India ; to train (ANF) Afghanistan national force ,this would be a major check for Pakistan .It is like a Baluchistan when Congress has accepted the resolution for Baluchistan as a state . But when Pakistan took stern action which infected USA interests in the region . It drew back resolution.


Haqani network was appreciated by USA , now it has announced terrorist organization . Pakistan due to international pressure has accepted these terms but aiding it for the cause of Kashmir . Kashmir is the sole cause of conflicts between regions .If it would be solved ,then there would be less checks for Pakistan . US and Pakistan relations are time based but these are important for Pakistan .Therefore ,we should not loose it but not sacrifice our interests as well

__________________
"Wa tu izzu man-ta shaa, wa tu zillu man-ta shaa"

A.O.A Miss Sadia i need some current affair notes in hard copy could you please help me?

__________________
“Control your tongue.”

I have notes ,but how I may help you .you can ask what type of content you need ,I will post one by one .

__________________
"Wa tu izzu man-ta shaa, wa tu zillu man-ta shaa"

From Raymond Davis to Shakeel Afridi .

1.Raymond Davis to OBL fiasco.
2.Admiral Mike Mullen statement that Pakistan is providing safe havens to terrorist
3,November Salala incident .
4.Closure of Ground line of Communication (GLOC) ,
5.the eviction of US-personnel from Shmasi Air-field in Baluchistan .
6.Warning of high profile visits and scrutiny in Islamabad .

President Obama said;

''Will continue to Press Pakistan
to expand its participation in securing
more powerful future for this war torn
region .''

• Developments shows GHQ policies prevailed in decision making that is why 2.provided safe havens to Taliban.
  3.President Obama did not visited in Pakistan during their tenure before 4.presidential election, even in 2010 when he came to India .
  5.Ambassador Sherry Rehman opined per-requisites for resulting bilateral Relations ;
  6.Apology of salala incident,
  7.Releasing suspended CSF reimbursement ,
  8.Increasing counter terrorism sharing intelligence sharing .
  9.Halting drone attacks.Shifting of policy of ''Trade ,not aid .'

High profile political assassinations;


1.4 jan,2011 -Salaman Tasseer
2.March 2011 --shehbaz Bhatti
3. 22 May , 2011 -Mehran Naval Attack .
4.Torture and killing of journalist Saleem shehzad .


Memo-gate and domestic tensions have deteriorated further space in relations .Hilary Clinton delayed apology regarding salala incident due to burning of Holy Quran. It was because Pakistan is aiding Haqqani network which strengthened Taliban government . Afghanistan has been divided into Northern Alliance and Taliban ; the later are majority in the region and not under the control of NATO and ISAF .

U.S congressional hearings and issue of Baluchistan .

Relations further riled in Feb, 2012 when house of foreign affairs sub-committee on oversight and investigations held a hearing on Baluchistan ,province of Pakistan that is a site of long running separatist movement .The congress has passed resolution for a separate province .


Previous PM Gillani called it an attack on Pakistan sovereignty, and Pakistan ambassador warned it would harm bilateral relations .The Obama administration has distanced itself calling that it has no policy to support Baluchistan issue .

Parliamentary review of bilateral relations

Parliament has passed following recommendations regarding bilateral diplomacy after a prolonged delay .Policy making is the matter of Pakistan cabinet ,not of Parliament.That`s why Pakistan has delayed in foreign policy shift, which is not at all any policy itself , but represents the weakens of spineless Parliament.


1.Halting drone attacks
2.Apology of salala incident
3.cessation of infiltration into Pakistan `s territory including hot pursuits .
4.Pakistan air ,land -space would not be used for passing the arms and ammunition towards Afghanistan
5.NATO and ISAF attack should be stopped that is blatant violation of 6.Pakistan`s sovereignty.
7.No verbal agreement regarding national security shall be entered into by 8.government and all such agreements and misunderstanding shall cease exist to forthwith .
9.No overt and covert operation inside Pakistan territory should be permitted .
10.No private security contractors and intelligence officers shall be allowed with it .
11.Pakistan territory will not be provided for the establishment of any foreign bases .
12.Military reimbursement should be paid which is amounted nearly 1 million dollar of worth , also counter terrorism funding is pending

NATO Chicago Summit


21-22 May ,summit held in Chicago, first summit that ever held outside American city .Pakistan has boycotted previous summit to express its apprehension regarding Salala incident .So it was unclear ,either Pakistan would be invited or not .A few days before the inaugural , Pakistan is invited .But President Obama did not bother to meet with zardari on sideline talks .


1.Conviction and standing of dr. Shakeel Afridi
2.Haqqani network issue .
3.Bilateral diplomacy cease to exist .
4.Drone issues
Role of ISI (aiding taliban )
5.Ongoing turmoil in Pakistan and Afghanistan relations .
6.Pakistan Arab fertilizer company is producing Ammonium Nitrate(Multan region ,largest fertlizer company in the country) and it is exported that to 7.Taliban ,which is used in making hand made bombs as well as explosives devices .

__________________
"Wa tu izzu man-ta shaa, wa tu zillu man-ta shaa"