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Old Tuesday, November 05, 2013
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Default National integration

NATIONAL INTEGRATION


INTRODUCTION:-

"The process of achieving national cohesion and a feeling of being united as a nation".

The society in the state of Pakistan has been caught in the whirlpool of divergent and cross-cutting socio-econmic fibres. In 1971, half of the country physically fell off. The rest is being eroded by ethnic strife, political division, provincial hatred, economic depravation, political insanity, rich and poor gap. This situation has dashed the ideals of Quaid-e-Azam to the ground. All these crisis jeopardize the integration of the state and threaten the federal structure itself. In the words of Stephen Cohen;
“Pakistan is a sate like S.S Titanic leading towards a giant ice-burg unless, it changes its course, soon its fate would be sealed."

History:-
Even before independence, the divisive forces worked against the very concept of Pakistan. Finally, once it emerged on the map of the world as a reality, the process of national integration, so vital to fight against the divisive forces, could not go unhampered. The ethnic divide, economic disparity and political intrigues and injustices resulted in the creation of Bangladesh.

Causes of Disintegration:-

1. Strong Feudal Culture: the continuation of the colonial legacy.

2. Ethnocentrism: the linguistic division like Punjabi, Sindhi, Saraiki, Pashtun and Baluchi etc.

3. Inequitable Distribution of Wealth: Provincial and regional divisions. For example,
i:Concerns of the small provinces against Punjab.
ii: Saraiki concerns against Punjabi and Hindko speakers against Pashtoons.
iii: Royalty issues like Baluchistan demands for the royalty of gas in it's province. KPK deamnds for the ownership of Tarbela, Warsak dam etc.

4. Sectarianism, Afghan War, Religious extremism, Terrorism etc.

5. Apartheid education

6. Poor management of resources.

7. Politics of regionalism/ Provincialism

8. Over centralization: centre, powerful while provincial government is weak.

9. Indian involvement in Baluchistan and FATA.


Suggested Measures:-

1. Federation in Letter and In Spirit: Bringing provincial autonomy: The 18th amendment to the constitution of Pakistan is a step towards provincial autonomy, as 19 ministries would go to the provinces.

2. Equitable Distribution of Economic Resources: Preference must be given to the uplift of the backward areas, provinces. The settlement of the NFC issue would greatly help national cohesion.

3. Royalty of Resources must be given to the provinces: This would boost up confidence in the ignored provinces. To a great extent, this issue has been settled down by the amicable solution of NFC. But it must be ensured that these resources are not only used by the respective provinces but are also utilized for the larger interest of the country.

4. Good Governance: Transparent, accountable, democratic, progressive, National in character.

5. Disbanding Feudalism.

6. Comprehensive and nationalistic education policy and its implementation.

7. Role of Religion.

8. Role of Media.

9. Appropriate measures must be taken to bring the dissatisfied Baluch leaders and the trouble by giving miscreants in FATA, under the national umbrella. Foreign involvement must be countered.


Conclusion:-

In the wake of changing world politics, where inner fronts are measured susceptible than the outer. An integrated nation is must to guard against all external and internal challenges to the solidarity and security of Pakistan. We have contributed a great deal to the sorry state of affairs. Pakistan, indeed, is endowed with plenty of human and natural resources to be a viable nation and state. There is a need to determine the national identity through an objective analysis of all the facets of the problems of national integration, without any regard to our social, cultural, ethnic or religious obsessions and prejudices.
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