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Figures of Speech
Hi Friends,
Here is given a complete list of 'Figures of Speech'; it must be helpfull for the aspirants of English Litrature: Rhetorical Devices and Figures of Speech allegory hypallage alliteration hyperbaton anacoluthon hyperbole anadiplosis hysteron proteron anaphora innuendo anastrophe irony antiphrasis isocolon antistrophe litotes antithesis meiosis antonomasia metaphor Aporia metonymy apostrophe onomatopoeia assonance oxymoron Bathos paradox cacophemism paralipsis catachresis paronomasia chiasmus periphrasis circumlocution personification diacope pleonasm dysphemism prolepsis echoism prosopopoeia Ellipsis Pun enallage rhetorical question epanalepsis sarcasm epanorthosis simile epiphora syllepsis epistrophe symploce epizeuxis synecdoche euphemism tautology euphony transferred epithet euphuism trope hendiadys zeugma homeoteleuton allegory [al•le•go•ry || 'ælɪgərɪ] n. representation of abstract or moral concepts in art or literature by means of concrete things or events; symbolic narrative, fable, parable, metaphor, analogy alliteration [al•lit•er•ation || ə‚lɪtə'reɪʃn] n. use of similar phonetic sounds at the beginning of adjoining words anacoluthon [ˌanəkə'lu:θɒn, -θ(ə)n] ■ noun (plural anacolutha -θə) a construction in which the expected grammatical sequence is absent, for example while in the garden, the door banged shut. anadiplosis n. (Linguistics) rhetorical repetition of the last word of a clause at the beginning of next clause anaphora n. (Linguistics) repetition of a word or phrase at the start of successive phrases (usually for emphasis) anastrophe [ə'nastrəfi] ■ noun Rhetoric the inversion of the usual order of words or clauses. antiphrasis Noun 1. the use of a word in a sense opposite to its normal sense (especially in irony) antistrophe n. chorus in a Greek ode antithesis [an•tith•e•sis || æn'tɪθɪsɪs] n. opposite, contrast antonomasia [ˌantənə'meɪzɪə, anˌtɒnə-] ■ noun Linguistics the substitution of an epithet or title for a proper name. ▶the use of a proper name to express a general idea (e.g. a Scrooge for a miser). aporia n. expression of doubt (rhetoric); theoretical difficulty, contradiction (logic) apostrophe [a•pos•tro•phe || ə'pɒstrəfɪ] n. punctuation mark used to indicate omission of letters or possession; digression in a discourse to someone not present assonance [as•so•nance || 'æsənəns] n. resemblance of sounds in words or in syllables bathos [ba•thos || 'beɪθɒs] n. melodrama, absurdity (in writing or speech) catachresis n. misuse of words; stretching a metaphor, using a word inaccurately in a metaphorical way chiasmus n. (Rhetoric) reversal in the order of words in two otherwise parallel phrases (i.e. I went to school, to work went they) circumlocution [cir•cum•lo•cu•tion || ‚sɜːkəmlə'kjuːʃn] n. excessive wordiness, verbosity dysphemism ['dɪsfɪmɪz(ə)m] ■ noun a derogatory or unpleasant term used instead of a pleasant or neutral one. ellipsis [el'lip•sis || -sɪs] n. omission of a word or words (Grammar); omission of words in order to avoid redundancy (Grammar); mark resembling three periods ( ... ) or two dashes ( -- ) that is used to indicate an omission of words enallage Noun 1. a substitution of part of speech or gender or number or tense etc. (e.g., editorial `we' for `I') (hypernym) rhetorical device epanalepsis the repetition of a word or phrase after intervening language, as in the first line of Algernon Charles Swinburne's "Itylus" epanorthosis Noun 1. immediate rephrasing for intensification or justification; "Seems, madam! Nay, it is" (hypernym) rhetorical epiphora n. overflow of tears from the eye caused by constriction or blockage of the tear ducts (Medicine); repetition of a word (Rhetoric) epistrophe [ɪ'pɪstrəfi, ɛ-] ■ noun the repetition of a word at the end of successive clauses or sentences. euphemism [eu•phe•mism || 'juːfɪmɪzəm] n. substitution of a milder or socially acceptable word or phrase for one that is harsher or more unpleasant hendiadys n. phrase that uses two words connected by a conjunction to express a complex concept hypallage [hʌɪ'palədʒi:, hɪ-] ■ noun Rhetoric a transposition of the natural relations of two elements in a proposition, e.g. in the sentence ‘Melissa shook her doubtful curls’. hyperbaton [hʌɪ'pə:bətɒn] ■ noun Rhetoric an inversion of the normal order of words, especially for emphasis, as in ‘this I must see’ hyperbole [hy'per•bo•le || haɪ'pɜrbəlɪ /-'pɜːb-] n. exaggeration or overstatement intended for effect hysteron proteron [ˌhɪstərɒn'prɒtərɒn] ■ noun Rhetoric a figure of speech in which the natural order of elements is reversed. innuendo [ˌɪnjʊ'ɛndəʊ] ■ noun (plural innuendoes or innuendos) an allusive or oblique remark, typically a suggestive or disparaging one. The word innuendo dates from the 16th century. It is a Latin word meaning literally 'by nodding at, by pointing to', from nuere 'to nod'. It was first used in legal documents in the sense 'that is to say', serving as a formula to introduce an explanation or aside as in 'he (innuendo the plaintiff) is a thief'. Hence it came to be used as a noun referring to such an aside; in particular it served as a pointer to the libellous or slanderous meaning alleged to be conveyed by a word or expression that was not in itself actionable. irony [i•ron•y || 'aɪə(r)nɪ] n. sarcasm, speech or writing which is intended to communicate a meaning contrary to its literal sense; contrast between what is expected or desired and reality litotes n. manner of speaking which uses a negative to state a positive meiosis [maɪ'əʊsɪs] n. process of cell division which occurs in the maturation of sex cells (Biology) metaphor [met•a•phor || 'metəfɔr /'metəfə,'metəfɔː] n. simile, poetic substitution of one thing for another in order to suggest comparison or resemblance; mundane thing that is used as a symbol for an abstract concept metonymy [me•ton•y•my || mɪ'tɑnɪmɪ /mɪ'tɒnɪmɪ] n. figure of speech that uses one object in place of another related concept (ex: using "the throne" to refer to the monarchy) onomatopoeia [on•o•mat•o•poe•ia || ‚ɑnəʊmætəʊ'pɪːə /‚ɒn-] n. use or formation of words which sound like the meaning they represent (i.e. ding-dong) oxymoron ['ɑksɪ'mɔrɑn /'ɒksɪ'mɔːrɒn] n. expression composed of combined contrasts (e.g. "thunderous silence") paradox [par•a•dox || 'pærədɑks /-dɒks] n. statement that seems to be self-contradictory; false statement, untrue statement paralipsis [ˌparə'lɪpsɪs] ■ noun Rhetoric the device of giving emphasis by professing to say little or nothing of a subject, as in not to mention their unpaid debts. paronomasia ['pærənəʊ'meɪʒə /-'meɪzɪə] n. word game, pun, use of a word to create a humorous effect periphrasis [pe•riph•ra•sis || pə'rɪfrəsɪs] n. indirect speech, circumlocution; indirect expression, expression phrased in a roundabout manner personification [per•son•i•fi•ca•tion || pɜr‚sɑnɪfɪ'keɪʃn /pɜː‚sɒ-] n. act of ascribing human qualities to an inhuman object; embodiment, incarnation; symbol; model, example pleonasm [ple•o•nasm || 'plɪəʊnæzm] n. verbosity, excessive wordiness, redundancy prolepsis [prəʊ'lepsɪs] n. anticipation of an event; description of an event before it could have taken place prosopopoeia [ˌprɒsəpə'pi:ə] ■ noun a figure of speech in which an abstract thing is personified or an imagined or absent person is represented as speaking pun [pʌn] n. play on words, humorous use of words in order to create several possible meanings v. make a play on words, use words humorously to create several possible meanings rhetorical question question whose answer is clear, question that was asked solely for the purpose of making an impression rhetorical [rhe•tor•i•cal || rɪ'tɑrɪkl ,-'tɔ- /-'tɒr-] adj. pertaining to rhetoric; bombastic, unnecessarily ornate sarcasm [sar•casm || 'sɑrkæzəm /'sɑːk] n. satire, irony, use of caustic or scornful remarks simile [sim•i•le || 'sɪmɪlɪ] n. instance in which two dissimilar items are compared using the words "like" or "as" syllepsis [syl•lep•sis || sɪ'lepsɪs] n. instance in which a word modifies or governs two or more words in the same sentence but only grammatically agrees with one (Grammar) symploce Noun 1. repetition of a word or phrase at the beginning and another at the end of successive clauses, i.e., simultaneous use of anaphora and epistrophe (hypernym) repetition synecdoche [syn•ec•do•che || sɪ'nekdəkɪ] n. figure of speech in which a part is used to represent the whole or the whole for the part (i.e. "wheels" for "car") tautology [tau•tol•o•gy || tɔ'tɑlədʒɪ /-'tɒl-] n. needless repetition of same idea in different words trope [trəʊp] n. figure of speech, any rhetorical device in which words are used not in accordance with their literal meaning; phrase interpolated into a text for purposes of emphasis (Literature) zeugma ['zju:gmə] ■ noun a figure of speech in which a word applies to two others in different senses (e.g. John and his driving licence expired last week). |
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