Capitalization

Capitalize the following:

* Proper nouns and adjectives derived from proper nouns:

Marie Curie ---- China, Chinese
Smokey Robinson ---- Darwin, Darwinian

But vocabulary words derived from proper nouns are generally lowercase:

china cups ---- plaster of paris
french fries ---- vienna sausage


* The names of geographic divisions, regions, and localities and topographical features such as rivers, lakes, and mountains:

North Pole --- Gulf States
Middle East --- Atlantic Ocean
Southern Hemisphere --- Rocky Mountains
the North --- Lake Tahoe
Lower East Side --- Erie Canal


Do not capitalize directions: She lives 10 miles north of Boston.

* The names of nationalities, ethnic groups, tribes, and languages:

Spanish --- Bantu
Asian American --- Creole

* Titles when preceding a name:

President Lincoln --- Aunt Mary
Queen Victoria --- Doctor Johnson
Senator Kennedy --- Professor Davies

Do not capitalize such terms elsewhere: a biography of the queen; the senator's speech; my aunt, Mary Wilson; the president's fundraising efforts; the residence of the vice president.



* Epithets: Ivan the Terrible; Lincoln is known as the Great Emancipator.

* The names of political and judicial bodies, social organizations, councils, and departments:

U.S. Senate --- Rotary Club
Democratic Party --- United Negro College Fund
State Department --- U.S. Supreme Court



* The names for periods, events, and documents of historical importance:

Middle Ages --- Constitution
Renaissance --- Treaty of Versailles
Battle of Waterloo --- Magna Carta


* The names for streets, buildings, and monuments:

Fifth Avenue --- World Trade Center
Broadway --- Statue of Liberty

* The names for the supreme deity and sacred works:

God, the Father Almighty --- Bible
Yahweh --- Talmud
Allah --- Qu'ran

* The names for religious denominations and their members:
Buddhism, Buddhists
Catholicism, Catholics
Judaism, Jews
Methodist Church, Methodists
Society of Friends, Quakers

* The days of the week, months of the year, holidays, and holy days:

Thursday --- Labor Day
December --- Passover


* The pronoun I:
I told her I didn't want to go.

* The first word in the salutation and complimentary close of a letter:
My dear Carol…
Very truly yours…

* The first word of a sentence:
Are you hungry? Lunch will be served soon.
The first word of a direct quotation, except when the quotation is split:
I asked, “Do you really like bats?”
“Yes,” said Holly, “they're so cute.”

* The first word and all the key words in the title of a literary or other artistic work:
The Bluest Eye (novel)
A Streetcar Named Desire (play)
“The Road Not Taken” (poem)
Starry Night (painting)
“Only the Lonely” (song)

* The names of ships, aircraft, and space vehicles:
USS Maine
The Spirit of St. Louis
space shuttle Challenger


* The names of constellations, planets, and stars:

Milky Way --- Saturn
the asteroid Juno --- Little Dipper


* The names of geologic eras, periods, epochs, and names of prehistoric divisions:

Paleozoic Era --- Pleistocene
Quaternary Period --- Stone Age

* The genus but not the species name in binomial nomenclature:

Canis familiaris (dog)
Malus pumila (apple tree)

Italicization


Italicize the following (or underline if writing by hand or using a typewriter):

* The titles of books, plays, book-length poems, magazines, and newspapers:

War and Peace --- TIME magazine
Twelfth Night --- National Geographic
Beowulf Miami --- Herald


* The titles of movies and radio and television programs:

Finding Nemo --- Law & Order
Car Talk --- Masterpiece Theater


* The titles of works of art, including paintings, sculptures, and major musical compositions:

Mona Lisa (painting)
The Thinker (sculpture)
Swan Lake (ballet)
Porgy and Bess (opera)


Do not italicize musical compositions named by number or key: Symphony No. 4; Quartet in E minor.


* Words, letters, and numbers used as such:
How do you spell ache?
Does your name end with a c or a k?
The 6 looked like a 0.


* Foreign words and phrases that have not been assimilated into English:
Alex's Weltanschauung was gloomy.
Ed made a tarte au citron for dessert.


* Words and phrases that are being emphasized:
Paris was the place to be in the '20s.


* The names of the plaintiff and defendant in legal citations: Johnson v. Smith.


* The names of ships, aircraft, and space vehicles:
USS Maine
The Spirit of St. Louis
space shuttle Challenger


* The New Latin names of genera, species, subspecies, and varieties in botanical and zoological nomenclature: Quercus alba; Homo sapiens.





Regard,

Suresh Lasi

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very nice friend..

can you plz tell something about the commas,full stop and apostrophes etc.
from where i can learn the use of these marks.

@ Marshal

Check out the following link :

http://www.cssforum.com.pk/css-compu...nctuation.html

Take care,

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