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-   -   Change in narration (direct/indirect sentences) (http://www.cssforum.com.pk/css-compulsory-subjects/english-precis-composition/grammar-section/43087-change-narration-direct-indirect-sentences.html)

xaara~hussain Tuesday, January 04, 2011 05:30 PM

Change in narration (direct/indirect sentences)
 
Guys, its efficient to practice our direct indirect speech on forum together, instead of doing it alone. we can correct each other.

I will discuss all the cases of direct/indirect speech. If am wrong somewhere, please do correct me.
We shall also practice them extensively to lock our 5 scores in this section:) cheers!


1. Very basic type of change of narration, where three kinds of changes are made;

a. Removal of inverted commas (" ")
b. Change of Persons (that is I to may be he/she, We to They etc.)
c. Change of tense

2. changing the Reported speech (the one inside the commas) of Direct narration into indirect/or indirect narration into direct form is the major area where "rocket science" applies.

The reported speech has Declarative(can be positive or negative), Interrogative, Imperative, or Exclamatory types of sentence and each type has its own cases and rules.

[B]Declarative sentences:[/B]
This type of sentences may be affirmative or negative. It is the easiest of all. The only thing to be bothered about is 'change of tense'. I will post all the rules of 'change of tense' tomorrow. Right now, let's bring out the declarative sentences from past papers and let's solve them out.

I will start with 2010's declarative sentences; notice the change made in tense.
1) On Monday he said, "My son [B]is coming[/B] today."

He said on Monday that his son [B]was coming[/B] that day. ('today' is always changed to 'that day', if the reported speech is in past tense)

4) 'By God', he said, "I [B]do not know[/B] her nickname."

He swore by God that he [B]did not know[/B] her nickname.

(One thing is clear here that it is always SWEAR BY GOD, never upon God or other ways around, Hence never be confused about this anymore in Correction of Sentences part)

5) He says that [B]we[/B] are to meet [B]him[/B] at the station. (this is indirect narration, let's change it to direct)

He says [B]to us[/B], "You have to meet [B]me[/B] at the station."

[B]to us[/B] (to us is used because 'we' are to meet him :D)

Change in person: 'him' is changed to 'me', because he is asking us to meet 'him' at the station. yahan pe yeh bat aham hai k zaruri nahi hum isko me main change krain because ho sakta hai koi or person ho jo hamain kisi or se milne ka kah raha hai, is case main 'him' will not be changed.)

6) He said, "I [B]don't know[/B] the way. Ask the old man sitting on the gate."

He said that he [B]didn't know[/B] the way [B]and[/B] [B]asked[/B] [B]me[/B] to ask the old man sitting on the gate.
'and' is used to separate because the two sentences in the reported speech.'me' is assumed that he was talking to me.

7) My father prayed that I would recover from my illness.

My father said to me, "May you recover."

Farrah Zafar Tuesday, January 04, 2011 05:36 PM

[QUOTE]7) My father prayed that I would recover from my illness
My father said to me, "May you recover."[/QUOTE]
I think [B]"prayed"[/B] suits rather [B]"said to me"[/B].Hain Zara what you say?

xaara~hussain Tuesday, January 04, 2011 06:06 PM

[QUOTE=Farrah Zafar;252394]I think [B]"prayed"[/B] suits rather [B]"said to me"[/B].Hain Zara what you say?[/QUOTE]
suits more yar but aisa hai nahi:)
'MAY YOU RECOVER' is a prayer on daddy's behalf.
"PRAYED" in indirect is used only to indicate this "MAY YOU RECOVER" :) Direct ki reporting speech main usually "said" he hota hai!

Shahid Shakoor Tuesday, January 04, 2011 06:11 PM

sister Xaaara
 
[QUOTE=xaara~hussain;252391]Guys, its efficient to practice our direct indirect speech on forum together, instead of doing it alone. we can correct each other.

I will discuss all the cases of direct/indirect speech. If am wrong somewhere, please do correct me.
We shall also practice them extensively to lock our 5 scores in this section:) cheers!


1. Very basic type of change of narration, where three kinds of changes are made;

a. Removal of inverted commas (" ")
b. Change of Persons (that is I to may be he/she, We to They etc.)
c. Change of tense

2. changing the Reported speech (the one inside the commas) of Direct narration into indirect/or indirect narration into direct form is the major area where "rocket science" applies.

The reported speech has Declarative(can be positive or negative), Interrogative, Imperative, or Exclamatory types of sentence and each type has its own cases and rules.

[B]Declarative sentences:[/B]
This type of sentences may be affirmative or negative. It is the easiest of all. The only thing to be bothered about is 'change of tense'. I will post all the rules of 'change of tense' tomorrow. Right now, let's bring out the declarative sentences from past papers and let's solve them out.

I will start with 2010's declarative sentences; notice the change made in tense.
1) On Monday he said, "My son [B]is coming[/B] today."

He said on Monday that his son [B]was coming[/B] that day. ('today' is always changed to 'that day', if the reported speech is in past tense)

4) 'By God', he said, "I [B]do not know[/B] her nickname."

He swore by God that he [B]did not know[/B] her nickname.

(One thing is clear here that it is always SWEAR BY GOD, never upon God or other ways around, Hence never be confused about this anymore in Correction of Sentences part)

5) He says that [B]we[/B] are to meet [B]him[/B] at the station. (this is indirect narration, let's change it to direct)

He says [B]to us[/B], "You have to meet [B]me[/B] at the station."

[B]to us[/B] (to us is used because 'we' are to meet him :D)

Change in person: 'him' is changed to 'me', because he is asking us to meet 'him' at the station. yahan pe yeh bat aham hai k zaruri nahi hum isko me main change krain because ho sakta hai koi or person ho jo hamain kisi or se milne ka kah raha hai, is case main 'him' will not be changed.)

6) He said, "I [B]don't know[/B] the way. Ask the old man sitting on the gate."

He said that he [B]didn't know[/B] the way [B]and[/B] [B]asked[/B] [B]me[/B] to ask the old man sitting on the gate.
'and' is used to separate because the two sentences in the reported speech.'me' is assumed that he was talking to me.

7) My father prayed that I would recover from my illness.

My father said to me, "May you recover."[/QUOTE]


you can get all correct and incorrect,

and direct and indirect from undermentioned link...it might helpful for you where all seniors of this forum had put much effort

[url]http://www.cssforum.com.pk/css-compulsory-subjects/english-precis-composition/grammar-section/22288-lets-correct-incorrect-sentences-past-papers.html[/url]

regards

xaara~hussain Tuesday, January 04, 2011 06:31 PM

[QUOTE=Shahid Shakoor;252430]you can get all correct and incorrect,

and direct and indirect from undermentioned link...it might helpful for you where all seniors of this forum had put much effort

[url]http://www.cssforum.com.pk/css-compulsory-subjects/english-precis-composition/grammar-section/22288-lets-correct-incorrect-sentences-past-papers.html[/url]

regards[/QUOTE]
We are discussing in detail, not just solving them; in order to be clear about rules and not make mistakes every time!
Thank u anyways fr sharing this link as we can use this link as a resource for solved ones and then discuss them:)

Shahid Shakoor Tuesday, January 04, 2011 06:58 PM

sister Xaaara
 
[QUOTE=xaara~hussain;252443]We are discussing in detail, not just solving them; in order to be clear about rules and not make mistakes every time!
Thank u anyways fr sharing this link as we can use this link as a resource for solved ones and then discuss them:)[/QUOTE]

rules and regulations are also given there,,you will find these when you will go throughly that thread,,,,

ya you can use that thread as resource ,,,,that was my point....becoz that was very helpful for me in order to clear [I][B]Direct&indirect[/B][/I] and corrections

Eager Wednesday, January 05, 2011 03:18 AM

[QUOTE=xaara~hussain;252391]

6) He said, "I [B]don't know[/B] the way. Ask the old man sitting on the gate."

He said that he [B]didn't know[/B] the way [B]and[/B] [B]asked[/B] [B]me[/B] to ask the old man sitting on the gate.

7) My father prayed that I would recover from my illness.

My father said to me, "May you recover."[/QUOTE]

i think it would be better to write

He said that he didn't know the way and [B]advised me[/B] to ask the old man sitting on the gate.

and My father said to me, "May you recover from your illness".

xaara~hussain Wednesday, January 05, 2011 03:43 AM

[QUOTE=Eager;252602]i think it would be better to write

He said that he didn't know the way and [B]advised me[/B] to ask the old man sitting on the gate.

and My father said to me, "May you recover from your illness".[/QUOTE]
sweet eager,

this is not a direct advice, its just letting someone know that i do not know the way. so its better to use "Asked"
jaise urdu main hum kahte hain k maine usko kaha k mujhe raste ka pata nahi or usko kaha k kisi or se puch lain.
aise nahi kahte k maine usko bola k mujhe raste ka pata nahi or usko mashwra dia k kisi or se puch lain. though its not wrong, but not a preferred way of speech!

may you recover is enough, but rest of the part can be added!

Eager Wednesday, January 12, 2011 04:25 PM

NARRATION 2009

(i) He said to him, “why do you waste your time?”
He asked him why he wasted his time.

(ii) He ordered his servant not to stand there doing nothing.
He said to his servant, " Do not stand here doing nothing."

(iii) He exclaimed with joy that he had won the match.
He said, "Bravo! I have won the match".

(iv) The traveler said, “What a dark night?”

(v) He said, “Let it rain even so hard, I will start today.”
He said that he would start that day even if it rained hard.

(vi) My mother said, “May you live happily and prosper in your life.”
My mother prayed that I might live happily and prosper in my life.

(vii) He said, “How foolish have I been?”
He exclaimed with regret that he had been very foolish.


P.S: Plz solve sentence IV. I think there should have been exclamation mark instead of question mark. confused in this.

usman khalid Wednesday, January 12, 2011 04:55 PM

[QUOTE=Eager;254709]NARRATION 2009

(iv) The traveler said, “What a dark night?”

P.S: Plz solve sentence IV. I think there should have been exclamation mark instead of question mark. confused in this.[/QUOTE]
You are right.. There should have been a exclaimation mark. Question mark here does not make sense...

Considering there is exclaimation mark in the above sentence, the inderect narration is:

The traveller exclaimed with wonder that it was a very dark night.

[QUOTE=xaara~hussain;252391]
6) He said, "I [B]don't know[/B] the way. Ask the old man sitting on the gate."

He said that he [B]didn't know[/B] the way [B]and[/B] [B]asked[/B] [B]me[/B] to ask the old man sitting on the gate.
'and' is used to separate because the two sentences in the reported speech.'me' is assumed that he was talking to me.

7) My father prayed that I would recover from my illness.


My father said to me, "May you recover."[/QUOTE]
6) He said that he did not know the way and advised me to ask the old man sitting on the gate.

7) MY father said (to me), "May you recover." (Full stop always comes before closing inverted commas)


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