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Practical Rules for changing Narration Practical Rules for changing Narration

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  #11  
Old Saturday, December 22, 2012
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Exercise:
Ali said, "I am planning to leave this place".
Ali said that he was planning to leave this place.
Humaira said, "i have decided to marry Bilal".
Humaira said that she had decided to marry Bilal.
Ahmad said, "I like to play cricket".
Ahmad said that he liked to play cricket.
Bilal said, "she has performed well in exam".
Bilal said that she had performed well in exam.
She said, "we are trying to solve this computer problem".
She said that they were trying to solve this problem.
"we win the match", said Akram.[/QUOTE]
Akram said that they won the match.
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  #12  
Old Saturday, December 22, 2012
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Bilal Hassan View Post
In last rule we studied the tenses which start in present and are reported at the same time. But this seldom is the case, most of the time Reported speech starts in past tense so the corresponding changes have to be made in them. following are some changes that we make to report a speech.

1: Direct speech in simple present is reported in simple past.
"I never go there", said Ali. Direct Speech
Ali said that he never went there. Indirect speech

2: Direct speech in Present continuous is reported in Past continuous.

Aleena said, "I am going to attend the convocation next week". Direct speech
Aleena said that she was going to attend the convocation the coming/following week. Indirect speech

3: Direct speech in Present Perfect is reported in Past Perfect.

He said, "I have completed my part of work". Direct speech
He said that he had completed his part of work. Indirect speech
__________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ _______


Exercise:
Ali said, "I am planning to leave this place".
Humaira said, "i have decided to marry Bilal".
Ahmad said, "I like to play cricket".
Bilal said, "she has performed well in exam".
She said, "we are trying to solve this computer problem".
"we win the match", said Akram.
Ali said, "I am planning to leave this place".
Ali said that he was planning to leave that place.

Humaira said, "i have decided to marry Bilal".
Humaira said that she had decided to marry Bilal.

Ahmad said, "I like to play cricket".
Ahmad said that he liked to play cricket.

Bilal said, "she has performed well in exam".
Bilal said that he had performed well in exam.

She said, "we are trying to solve this computer problem".
She said that we were trying to solve that computer prob.

"we win the match", said Akram.
We won/have won the match,said Akram.
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  #13  
Old Sunday, December 23, 2012
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Ali said that he was planning to leave that place.
Humaira said that she had decided to marry Bilal.
Ahmad said that he liked to play cricket.
Bilal said that she had performed well.
she said that they were trying to solve that computer problem.
Akram said that they won the match.
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  #14  
Old Monday, December 24, 2012
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Ali said, "I am planning to leave this place".
Ali said that he was planning to leave that place.

Humaira said, "i have decided to marry Bilal".
Humaira said that she had decided to marry Bilal.

Ahmad said, "I like to play cricket".
Ahmed said that he liked to play cricket.

Bilal said, "she has performed well in exam".
Bilal said that she had perfomed well in exam.

She said, "we are trying to solve this computer problem".
She said that they were trying to solve that computer problem.

"we win the match", said Akram.
Akram said that they won the match.
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  #15  
Old Monday, December 24, 2012
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1. Ali said that he was planning to leave this place.
2.Humaira said that she had decided to marry Bilal.
3. Ahmed said that he liked to play cricket.
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  #16  
Old Tuesday, December 25, 2012
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Bilal Hassan View Post
Present Indefinite, Present Perfect and Future Tenses
we can narrate the indirect or Reported speech in present tense, future and in present perfect then we do not change the tenses in either of following situations;
1: When we report a speech of a person who is still present there and the speech is about something that is still going on: i-e

Ahmad: "I am looking for my old shoes". Direct Speech.
Ahmad says that he is looking for his old shoes. Reported/ Indirect Speech

As you can see that if we report something at the same time it is said then we do not change the tense rather we mere make pronoun changes.

2: When we are telling someone what says an Email or a letter in either of aforementioned tenses i-e;

Ali writes to his mother: Ami, "i will send you 5000 Rs." Direct Speech
Ali says to his mother that he will send her 5000 Rs. Indirect Speech (we can either retain will in reported speech or replace it with would)

3: Similarly in Present perfect we do not change the tense.

Ali: I have taken my tea. Direct Speech
Ali says that he has taken tea. indirect Speech
__________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ _______

Exercise:
Ali: "I am going to buy a book from Urdu bazar."
Ahmad: "I like to drink sprite after meals."
Humaira:"I will marry Bilal."
Sara: " I have called Bilal and asked her to meet me"
Mother: "Breakfast is ready, you can join us on dining table."
Wajiha: "I have secured first position in CSS".
Ali says that he is going to buy a book from urdu bazar.
Ahmad says that he likes to drink sprite after meals.
Sara says that she has called bilal and asked him to meet her.
Wajiha says that she has secured first position in CSS.
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  #17  
Old Tuesday, December 25, 2012
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Quote:
Originally Posted by f ali View Post
Exercise:
Ali said, "I am planning to leave this place".
Ali said that he was planning to leave this (that) place.
Humaira said, "i have decided to marry Bilal".
Humaira said that she had decided to marry Bilal.
Ahmad said, "I like to play cricket".
Ahmad said that he liked to play cricket.
Bilal said, "she has performed well in exam".
Bilal said that she had performed well in exam.
She said, "we are trying to solve this computer problem".
She said that they were trying to solve this (that) problem.
"we win the match", said Akram.
Akram said that they won the match.[/QUOTE]
Akram said that they won the match.
Quote:
Originally Posted by sidra siyal View Post
Ali said, "I am planning to leave this place".
Ali said that he was planning to leave that place.

Humaira said, "i have decided to marry Bilal".
Humaira said that she had decided to marry Bilal.

Ahmad said, "I like to play cricket".
Ahmad said that he liked to play cricket.

Bilal said, "she has performed well in exam".
Bilal said that he had performed well in exam.

She said, "we are trying to solve this computer problem".
She said that we were trying to solve that computer prob.

"we win the match", said Akram.
We won/have won the match,said Akram.
(Akram said that won the match...have won't be used here as rules suggest that it is simple present so it would be reorted in simple past)

Quote:
Originally Posted by faiqa salim View Post
Ali said that he was planning to leave that place.
Humaira said that she had decided to marry Bilal.
Ahmad said that he liked to play cricket.
Bilal said that she had performed well.
she said that they were trying to solve that computer problem.
Akram said that they won the match.
Quote:
Originally Posted by ultimate View Post
Ali said, "I am planning to leave this place".
Ali said that he was planning to leave that place.

Humaira said, "i have decided to marry Bilal".
Humaira said that she had decided to marry Bilal.

Ahmad said, "I like to play cricket".
Ahmed said that he liked to play cricket.

Bilal said, "she has performed well in exam".
Bilal said that she had perfomed well in exam.

She said, "we are trying to solve this computer problem".
She said that they were trying to solve that computer problem.

"we win the match", said Akram.
Akram said that they won the match.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Malik Nadeem 06 View Post
1. Ali said that he was planning to leave this (that) place.
2.Humaira said that she had decided to marry Bilal.
3. Ahmed said that he liked to play cricket.
Quote:
Originally Posted by Waqas77 View Post
Ali says that he is going to buy a book from urdu bazar.
Ahmad says that he likes to drink sprite after meals.
Sara says that she has called bilal and asked him to meet her.
Wajiha says that she has secured first position in CSS.


Marks:
F.Ali = 5/6
sidra siyal = 5/6
Faiqa Salim = 6/6
Ultimate = 6/6
Malik Nadeem 06 = 2/3
Waqas77 = 4/4
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  #18  
Old Tuesday, December 25, 2012
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Default Rule No 3 (Tense changes) cont.....
1: Direct speech in Present perfect continuous is reported in Past perfect continuous.

Ali said, "I have been writing this book for two months". Direct speech
Ali said that he had been writing that book for two months. Indirect speech



2: Direct speech in simple Past is reported in Past perfect.

He said, "I took the CSS exam only once" Direct speech
He said that he had taken the CSS exam only once. Indirect speech

__________________________________________________ __________________________________________________

Exercise:

Humaira said, "I have been loving Bilal since i saw him first".
Bilal said, "i accepted her proposal at her request".
I said, "she has been after you since 1st semester".
Bilal said, "I already knew that."
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  #19  
Old Tuesday, December 25, 2012
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1. Humaira said that she had been loving bilal since she saw him first.
2. Bilal said that he had accepted her proposal at her request.
3. I said that she had been after you since 1st semester.
4. Bilal said that he had already known this.
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  #20  
Old Tuesday, December 25, 2012
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Bilal Hassan View Post
Exercise:
Ali said, "I am planning to leave this place".
Humaira said, "i have decided to marry Bilal".
Ahmad said, "I like to play cricket".
Bilal said, "she has performed well in exam".
She said, "we are trying to solve this computer problem".
"we win the match", said Akram.
Ali said that he was planning to leave that place.
Humaira said that she had decided to marry Bilal.
Ahmad said that he liked to play cricket.
or
Ahmad said that he did like to play cricket.
Bilal said that she had performed well in exam.
She said that they were trying to solve that computer problem.
Akram said that they won the match.
or
Akram said that they did won the match.
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