First, pleasure is all mine.
Second, precis is something writing with common synonyms but at the same time you have to shorten the passage by writing the " one-word substitution " method which may involve some common words as well.
Third, I have been a student and currently a lecturer in English so have read literature. The mindset of the people got rebelled against the industrial revolution and they were tempted towards nature and its objects. Hence, the poets of those times are called Romantic poets such as Shelley, Keats, Browning, Wordsworth.
You might have been confused by the word ROMANTICISM have must have taken it in the sense of romance between the opposite sexes.
Hope I have satisfactorily answered your queries.
Regards Ainuddin.

@ainuddin
yeah !! thnx a lot for clearing all queries.......... plz check my other precie also on poverty....

Original(282 words)
Besant describing the middle class of the 9th century wrote " In the first place it was for more a class apart. "In no sense did it belong to society. Men in professions of any kind (except in the Army and Navy) could only belong to society by right of birth and family connections; men in trade—bankers were still accounted tradesmen—could not possibly belong to society. That is to say, if they went to live in the country they were not called upon by the county families and in the town they were not admitted by the men into their clubs, or by ladies into their houses… The middle class knew its own place, respected itself, made its own society for itself, and cheerfully accorded to rank the deference due."

Since then, however, the life of the middle classes had undergone great changes as their numbers had swelled and their influence had increased.



Their already well –developed consciousness of their own importance had deepened. More critical than they had been in the past of certain aspects of aristocratic life, they wee also more concerned with the plight of the poor and the importance of their own values of society, thrift, hand work, piety and respectability thrift, hand work, piety and respectability as examples of ideal behavior for the guidance of the lower orders. Above all they were respectable. There were divergences of opinion as to what exactly was respectable and what was not. There were, nevertheless, certain conventions, which were universally recognized: wild and drunker behaviors were certainly not respectable, nor were godlessness or avert promiscuity, not an ill-ordered home life, unconventional manners, self-indulgence or flamboyant clothes and personal adornments.


Precis(97words)


Title:
1. Middle class;A Separate Segment of the Society;
2. Inflexibity of the Middle Class
Precis:
According to Besant, middle class of the 9th century was apart from the other sections of society .It was not willing /inclined to accept people of the other classes. it was characterized by self pride and self praise.
The only change with the passage of time in the middle class behavior was development in the idea of self importance. they had their own set of ideals which was followed by them and used as a scale for the lower order.However there were certain characteristics which were universally rejected irrespective of being or not the part of middle class.

here is the paragarph.....
All human beings are liable to err. To be at peace with oneself,the realization of this fact is essential.Humanity is faced with numerous struggles and difficulties.We should view our own problems as part of a universal struggle and brace ourselves to meet every difficulty with fortitude.To be frantic and desperate n such occasions cannot help the situation .Perhaps the greatest folly is for each of us to hug his troubles to himself.Often the path through our worst worries can be made smoother if we seek the guidance of a trusted friend. But there are limits to human wisdom.The only adequate way to endure large evils is to find large consolations.The key to this search is prayer.The faith in a beneficent "Higher Power" can carry us through our most anxious moments.It has cured many people of their diseases and banished melancholy from their hearts.It was faith in God coupled with hardwork, which enabled Alexis Carrel to face ridicule and rejection calmly and finally became the recipient of the Nobel Prize.Finally ,how much less we should be if we could see our struggle as a part of the struggle of a whole creation intent on growth and renewal. By doing so, we not only make our lives easier ,but we also add our bit to the sum of human dignity and faith.
PRECIS
Humans can mistake,but they should not take it to the heart and must be aware of the fact that difficulties come across while struggling.So one should struggle with constant faith on ALLAH,as this is only panacea which enable the Alexis Carrel to receive Nobel prize inspite of all criticism.

Everyone commits errors , but to lead a peaceful life one must realize this fact. Life is full of difficulties and problems, so instead of being perplexed one should face these problems with courage.The guidance of a friend may also help in such a situation.But human wisdom is limited, so the best way is to seek guidance and help from Gog through prayers.History is full of examples in which faith in God along with hard-work has given strength to face difficulties of life.

sister Farrah kindly check my following precise:

Precise from past paper 1990:
There are types of laboratory where students are slaves of the tape recorders which urges them along at the same speed and without rest and interruption, the whole process being wholly beyond their control. Freedom to go at one’s own pace, repeating what has yet not been mastered. At other extreme the learner has a tape suited to his own needs and the freedom to rewind it and to listen and repeat, this kind of laboratory is most flexible. If a learner has been absent from school for a considerable time, various forms of first aid need to be given. The shy and sensitive learner is spared the contempt of his fellow learners when he makes a mistake, he can go astray fearlessly. Much depends on class room atmosphere, on the relationship between teachers and taught. Need the teacher’s manner be intimidating? If it is, mistakes will possibly be more numerous and the shy learner still more reluctant to speak. Undoubtedly the language laboratory can be a means of providing models of native speech, since language is a social activity.
Precise:
Title: The language laboratories and their effects
Language is learned through interaction and laboratories provide the means for such interaction. The type of language laboratory that does not come up with the specifications to facilitate student are less likely to have any effect on learning. Whereas the one which is student oriented provides not only freedom and confidence to students but also reduces peer pressure over shy students. Moreover the way teacher behave with their pupils is also an important variable in reducing errors and increasing self esteem on introvert students.

There are mistakes in original paragraph.

Though your precis is well written yet you need to be more careful.

are less likely : (Is) because you are talking about single laboratory.

teacher behave with their : It is teachers


Keep it up !

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Love is my Shield,Truth is my Sword,Brain is my Crown,Smile is my Treasure and I'm a Queen;
Quitters never win and Winners never quit..!!!

The first thing we did as soon as we came to the U.S.A. about two years ago was to search for an apartment in order not to live with one of our relatives. After looking for one month to find a suitable apartment, I finally found the apartment where we have been living. It includes a living room three bedrooms, and a kitchen. Probably the living room is my favorite room of all because we often gather together there after we come home from work or school. It is a comfortable room for our family. Entering the living room from the front door, we can see a new piano in the corner, with a vase of colorful flowers on it. In the opposite corner stands a Sony television, which I bought for my children to watch cartoons and for us to see daily news. Besides, there is a sofa next to the piano, a loveseat beside the TV, and also a low table between them. This is a comfortable place to sit while we watch TV or talk. On one of the light blue walls is a tranquil picture of the sea. The floor is covered with a dark red carpet, which my children like to play on. They also like to sit on it when they watch TV. The large window is shaded by a light colored curtain, giving the room a soft, bright feeling. A ceiling fan with small lights is hanging from the ceiling, whenever the fan and lights are on, we can see dangling images, which are reflected from the furniture in the room. Generally, our living room is a place where we receive our guest, gather together to discuss any topic and enjoy our leisure time.


Précis:
About two years ago after coming to USA next target was search for a flat to live and finally after one month search i got an appropriate one with three bedrooms and a kitchen.living room is much cozy and appealing one.On entering there is a piano with a vase in corner and opposite to piano is a TV for our entertainment.further there is a sofa near to TV and a low table between them.Dark red carpet,light coloured curtains lift its fairness.whenever fans and light are on,small lights hanging with fans give shades.usually in living room we welcome our guest and enjoy spare time
(103 words)

Topic: comforts of living room

Thanks sister for rectifying me.
Yes the mistakes you have identified were later sorted out by me as well when i gave it a proof reading.

Whereas the mistakes in original precise are concerned, I believe that the original writer is to be blamed.
Stay blessed,

Make a précis of the given passage and suggest a suitable heading. (20+5)

From Plato to Tolstoi art has been accused of exciting our emotions and thus of disturbing the order and harmony of our moral life.” Poetical imagination, according to Plato, waters our experience of lust and anger, of desire and pain, and makes them grow when they ought to starve with drought. “Tolstoi sees in art a source of infection. “Not only in infection,” he says, “a sign of art , but the degree of infectiousness is also the sole measure of excellence in art.” But the flaw in this theory is obvious. Tolstoi suppresses a fundamental moment of art, the moment of form. The aesthetic experience – the experience of contemplation- is a different state of mind from the coolness of our theoretical and the sobriety of our moral judgment. It is filled with the liveliest energies of passion, but passion itself is here transformed both in its nature and in its meaning. Wordsworth defines poetry as “ emotion recollected in tranquility’. But the tranquility we feel in great poetry is not that of recollection. The emotions aroused by the poet do not belong to a remote past. They are “ here”- alive and immediate. We are aware of their full strength, but this strength tends in a new direction. It is rather seen than immediately felt. Our passions are no longer dark and impenetrable powers; they become, as it were, transparent. Shakespeare never gives us an aesthetic theory. He does not speculate about the nature of art. Yet in the only passage in which he speaks of the character and functions of dramatic art the whole stress is laid upon this point. “ The purpose of playing,” as Hamlet explains, “ both at the first and now, was and is, to hold, as, twere, the mirror up to nature; to show virtue her own feature, scorn her own image, and the very age and body of the time, his form and pressure.” But the image of the passion is not the passion itself. The poet who represents a passion doest not infected us with this passion. At a Shakespeare play we are not infected with the ambition of Macbeth, with the cruelty of Richard III or with the jealously of Othello. We are not at the mercy of these emotions; we look through them; we seem to penetrate into their very nature and essence. In this respect Shakespeare’s theory of dramatic art, if he had such a theory, is in complete agreement with the conception of the fine arts of the great painters and sculptors.


Precis:

Art has been indicted for arousing our passions and thus troubling the balance of peace in the life.Plato believed that art initiates want of pain,while art is seen as a source of poison to Tolstoi. Wordsworth defined poetry as emotions collection in calmness. Shakespeare never gave any artistic definition nor he spoke about art's nature. In fact imagination of the passion is not what actually passion is nor imagination is so influential.In Shakespeare play one is not affected by various characters and their emotions.passions remained always clear as they were.

Title:

Philosophy of Art and passions

Passions different schools of thoughts

Art and passions in the eyes of artists

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