Everybody please take part in Precis Writing part of (English comprehension an composition).

Please every body evaluate my precise

Write precise of the following paragraphs.

Objectives pursued by, organizations should be directed to the satisfaction of demands resulting from the wants of mankind. Therefore, the determination of appropriate objectives for organized activity must be preceded by an effort to determine precisely what their wants are. Industrial organizations conduct market studies to learn what consumer goods should be produced. City Commissions make surveys to ascertain what civic projects would be of most benefit. Highway Commissions conduct traffic counts to learn what constructive programmes should be undertaken. Organizations come into being as a means for creating and exchanging utility. Their success is dependent upon the appropriateness of the series of acts contributed to the system. The majority of these acts is purposeful, that is, they are directed to the accomplishment of some objectives. These acts are physical in nature and find purposeful employment in the alteration of the physical environment. As a result utility is created, which, through the process of distribution, makes it possible for the cooperative system to endure.

Before the Industrial Revolution most cooperative activity was accomplished in small owner managed enterprises, usually with a single decision maker and simple organizational objectives. Increased technology and the growth of industrial organization made necessary the establishment of a hierarchy of objectives. This is turn, required a division of the management function until today a hierarchy of decision makers exists in most organizations.

The effective pursuit of appropriate objectives contributes directly to organizational efficiency. As used here, efficiency is a measure of the want satisfying power of the cooperative system as a whole. Thus efficiency is the summation of utilities received from the organization divided by the utilities given to the organization, as subjectively evaluated by each contributor.

The functions of the management process is the delineation of organizational objectives and the coordination of activity towards the accomplishment of these objectives. The system of coordinated activities must be maintained so that each contributor, including the manager, gains more than he contributes.(345)

Solution:
Title: "importance of objectives for an organization"

Precise: The objectives are crucial for every organization. The objectives of organization must be to satisfy the demands of the humanity. For this, knowing of the objectives’ purposes are pivotal. To know their objectives organization should make every possible effort. Organization’s success relies on acts of achievement’s objectives. These acts can be to gain meaningful employment in the competitive environment that is the source of utility. Before industrialization owners were the maker of decisions, so objectives were simple. But modern technology and increase of industrial organizations, led the top to bottom flow of the objectives. The effectiveness of the objectives contributes the efficiency of the organization. Managements should portray their aims, to gain objective’s purposes and more than what was contributed.

CSS -2012 past paper

Q.2. Make a precise of the following passage and suggest a suitable heading. (20)

One of the most ominous and discreditable symptoms of the want of candour in present-day sociology is the deliberate neglect of the population question. It is or should be transparently clear that if the State is resolved, on humanitarian grounds, to inhibit the operation of natural selection, some rational regulation of population, both as regards quantity and quality, is
imperatively necessary. There is no self-acting adjustment, apart from starvation, of numbers to the means of subsistence. If all natural checks are removed, a population in advance of the optimum number will be produced, and maintained at the cost of a reduction in the standard of living. When this pressure begins to be felt, that section of the population which is capable of reflection, and which has a standard of living which may be lost, will voluntarily restrict its numbers, even to the point of failing to replace deaths by an equivalent number of new births; while the underworld, which always exists in every civilised society the failures and misfits and derelicts, moral and physical will exercise no restraint, and will be a constantly increasing drain upon the national resources. The population will thus be recruited, in a very undue proportion, by those strata of society which do not possess the qualities of useful citizens.

The importance of the problem would seem to be sufficiently obvious. But politicians know that the subject is unpopular. The unborn have no votes. Employers like a surplus of labour, which can be drawn upon when trade is good. Militarists want as much food for powder as they can get. Revolutionists instinctively oppose any real remedy for social evils; they know that every unwanted child is a potential insurgent. All three can appeal to a quasi-religious prejudice, resting apparently on the ancient theory of natural rights, which were supposed to include the right of unlimited procreation. This objection is now chiefly urged by celibate or childless priests; but it is held with such fanatical vehemence that the fear of losing the votes which they control is a welcome excuse for the baser sort of politician to shelve the subject as inopportune. The Socialist calculation is probably erroneous; for experience has shown that it is aspiration, not desperation, that makes revolutions.


Title: "POPULATION EXPLOSION & ITS IMPACTS"

Precise: The fairness in the society for population is crucial. It can be seen in a state when it is based on the humanitarian level, and if laws restrict the biased selection process of the population. Unbiased selection checks can be sustained by reducing the standards of living of the whole population. But part of population having best standard of living can restrict this fairness without realizing any failures which are ingredients of the civilized society, and will hold the use the national resources. Hence that population is opted that do not have the civilized citizen’s competencies. In this way abundant issues will be emerged. The politicians, militarists and revolutionists will be the indulged in the religious prejudices, and loose the right of unlimited procreation. The ambitions can lead to change in the society, not the dependencies.

Please all criticize and evaluate my approach

Past Paper 2000
1- MAKE A PRÉCIS OF THE FOLLOWING PASSAGE IN ABOUT ONE THIRD OF ITS LENGTH. Suggest a suitable title also. (20)
Besant describing the middle class of the 9th century wrote " In the first place it was for more a class apart. "In no sense did it belong to society. Men in professions of any kind (except in the Army and Navy) could only belong to society by right of birth and family connections; men in trade—bankers were still accounted tradesmen—could not possibly belong to society. That is to say, if they went to live in the country they were not called upon by the county families and in the town they were not admitted by the men into their clubs, or by ladies into their houses… The middle class knew its own place, respected itself, made its own society for itself, and cheerfully accorded to rank the deference due."
Since then, however, the life of the middle classes had undergone great changes as their numbers had swelled and their influence had increased.
Their already well –developed consciousness of their own importance had deepened. More critical than they had been in the past of certain aspects of aristocratic life, they wee also more concerned with the plight of the poor and the importance of their own values of society, thrift, hand work, piety and respectability thrift, hand work, piety and respectability as examples of ideal behavior for the guidance of the lower orders. Above all they were respectable. There were divergences of opinion as to what exactly was respectable and what was not. There were, nevertheless, certain conventions, which were universally recognized: wild and drunker behaviors were certainly not respectable, nor were godlessness or avert promiscuity, not an ill-ordered home life, unconventional manners, self-indulgence or flamboyant clothes and personal adornments. (282)

1-Histrory of Middle Class Society:
Precis: In the early stage the Middle Class could not become the part of society. The occupation person could only fitted in society with the rule of family and its relations. They are not adapted by middle class' families because it only gave importance to itself, and its society and aspects of respect. Evolution of middle class took place when its member grew. They enhanced their awareness of their own values and did relate ethical, professional and supreme behaviors for assistance .conflicting in views of honorable matters; they had standards of global admitted rules of the fairness, awareness, ethics, religion concerns and social life.

Q.2. Make the precis of the following passage and suggest a suitable heading. (20+2=22)

Culture, in human societies, has two main aspects; an external, formal aspect and an inner, ideological aspect. The external forms of culture, social or artistic, are merely an organized expression of its inner ideological aspect, and both are an inherent component of a given social structure. They are changed and modified when this structure is changed or modified and because of this organic link they also help and influence such changes in their parent organism. Cultural Problems, therefore, cannot be studied or understood or solved in isolation from social problems, i.e. problems of political and economic relationships. The cultural problems of the underdeveloped countries, therefore, have to be understood and solved in the light of larger perspective, in the context of underlying social problems. Very broadly speaking, these problems are primarily the problems of arrested growth (stopped development); they originate primarily from long years of imperialist-Colonialist domination and the remnants of a backward outmoded (old-fashioned) social structure. This should not require much elaboration that European Imperialism caught up with the countries of Asia, Africa or Latin America between the sixteenth and nineteenth centuries. Some of them were fairly developed feudal societies with ancient traditions of advanced feudal culture. Others had yet to progress beyond primitive pastoral tribalism. Social and cultural development of them all was frozen at the point of their political subjugation and remained frozen until the coming of political independence. The culture of these ancient feudal societies, in spite of much technical and intellectual excellence, was restricted to a small privileged class and rarely intermingled with the parallel unsophisticated folk culture of the general masses. Primitive tribal culture, in spite of its child like beauty, had little intellectual content. Both feudal and tribal societies living contagiously () in the same homelands were constantly engaged in tribal, racial and religious or other feuds (hostility) with their tribal and feudal rivals. Colonialist – imperialist domination accentuated this dual fragmentation, the vertical division among different tribal and national groups, the horizontal division among different classes within the same tribal or national groups. This is the basic ground structure, social and cultural, bequeathed to the newly liberated countries by their former over lords.

Title: Influence of Colonist on the culture of native
Precis:
Culture in the society has two faces, external and the inner. Both are interdependent and derived form of the social structure ,and change shape with the alternation of society. Therefore the cultural issues of society are solved studying the its basic. These issues have effected the progress of the under developing countries .These are formulated by their ruling elites and old social structure. European dominated class dominated various parts of the worlds. They have old traditions of holding lands. Some prosperous tribal class and political freedom restricted their culture by mixing with general masses. Both colonialists and tribal class was engaged in the competition of holding the land. Colonialist made horizontal and vertical division among the national and tribal groups.

Kindly check my precis and title

according to my knowledge about precise i think its a good one

sanaRizwan what is good one way. About what your are talking?

Dear Bro I am not an expert in Precis writing but will share a few points which might help you.
1- The passage talks about the importance of setting the right goals for an organization to succeed.
2- The writer Talks about the importance "demand" has in setting up organizational goals, (Surveys are conducted to get the best possible idea regarding demands.)
2- Then the writer comes to decision making in organizations, in old days only small businesses existed where the objectives and goals were set by the owners, But now as the decision making is dependent upon demand, departments are established to carry out the decision making based on a feedback system.
3. The writer talks about the success of an organization. "Efficiency" for an organization is the "As used here, efficiency is a measure of the want satisfying power of the cooperative system"........................................... ......

So now making an outline.
1-setting up of Org goals : ways and importance
2- Org goals dependence : demand as compared to ownership in past
3- Present hierarchical system and management in org.
4- efficiency of Org.

.......................................
a few corrections you should make in your precis.
1-not makers of decisions but decision makers
2-needs of humanity is wrong, it can be replaced with public demand
3-Please mention the survey part as in the beginning of the passage in your precis.


I tried my best bro. BOL for the exams. :>

A New Beginning thanks dear for assessing my precis. i am agree with you. i had made ample mistakes in my precis . i have mentioned a little part of survey in my precis. but i should cover it completely. Thanks a lot dear for evaluation and figure outing my mistakes.