DEMOCRACY IS A CULTURE RATHER THAN A PROCESS
• Introduction
• Understanding the topic
 What does ‘democracy as a culture’ mean?
 What does ‘democracy as a process’ mean?
• How Democracy is a Culture?
 It is founded upon equality – one human, one vote
 Rights and Obligations are a vital part of it
 It is a based upon justice above all – no discrimination in law
 It values public opinion
 It promotes toleration
 Islamic political ideology is culturally democratic
• Why Democracy fails when only treated as a process?
 Elections can be rigged
 It only promotes elitist agendas
 Laws remain unimplemented
 Clash of institutions
 Majority at the expense of minorities’ marginalization
 Democratically elected governments’ focus on short-term goals
• Examples
 When Treated as a Process
 Plato’s ‘mob rule’ and Aristotle’s ranking of Democracy
 Pakistan has failed democratically because it has treated it as a process
 Masses will eventually revolt – Karl Marx’s proletarian revolution
 When Treated as a Culture
 Most of the Western countries have prospered economically, politically, and socially
 World is gradually becoming a global village
 Masses are at liberty
• Conclusion


Seniors, please evaluate.
I would be highly indebted. Criticism is welcomed. Thank you.