Plz check my Essay seniors.. first ever... essay

[The dream of rain]

hello seniors aoa,
check my essay essay and kindly point to each mistake.. serious reviews are awaited plzz...

Corruption

1. Introduction
2. Types of corruption
a. Political corruption
b. Bureaucratic corruption
c. Petty corruption
3. Form of corruption
a. Bribery
b. Embezzlement
c. Nepotism
d. Clientelism
4. Causes of corruption
a. Moral bankruptcy
b. Poverty and Illiteracy
c. Low income
d. Non-merit appointment
e. Lack of accountability
f. Public awareness
5. Impacts of corruption
a. Moral degradation
b. Weakens institutions
c. Hampers economic growth
d. Widens gap between rich and poor
6. Remedial measures
a. Strategic patience
b. Zero tolerance
c. Paying civil servants well
d. Promote transparency and access to information
7. Conclusion

“Corruption is an insidious plague that has a wide range of corrosive effects on societies” (Kofi Anan)

Corruption is the mother of all ills. It is defined by transparency international as, “the abuse of entrusted power for personal gain”. Therefore, being the prevalent ill, it decays society by existing in many types i.e., Political, Bureaucratic and Petty corruption. This menace also posses many forms through which it perform its actions, such as bribery, Embezzlement, Nepotism, Clientelism. However, as it exists in society with many faces. Therefore, its causes are multifarious including, Moral bankruptcy, Poverty and illiteracy, low income to name a few. Moreover, these causes generate vast category of ill-impacts. That are, moral degradation, weakening institution, hampers economic growth and widens gap between rich and poor. Thus, there always a cure to every ill. Therefore, to eradicate this ill some remedial measures should be taken i.e., strategic patience , zero tolerance policies , paying civil servants well, promoting transparency and access to information, and to close international loopholes so that society can prosper.
Corruption, however, exist in a society having many types.
Political corruption involves the political decision maker, who is entitled to make and enforce laws, use this authority to sustain power or wealth. This menace not only diverge resources from poor but also affects the manner in which decisions are made. Political corruption is distinguished from bureaucratic and petty corruption.
Bureaucratic corruption refers to corrupt acts of appointed bureaucratic in their dealings with either their superiors (the political elites) or public. This corruption occurs in the public administration at the implementation end of politics. Such acts are seen when a public official allows a private agent a privilege for a payment in cash or kind.
Petty corruption is the common type of corruption usually seen. It involve lower cadre public officials , who abuse entrusted power in their interaction with ordinary citizens to have access to basic goods.
However, the rampant of corruption is not limited to types, but also have many forms to crumble the roots of society.
First,Bribery, the offer of acceptance of anything valuable in exchange for influence on a public official or employer. Simply, it involves the sharing of gifts. For instance, offering a gift to get the tender from official person at first hand. This form goes hand in hand with bureaucratic and political corruption.
Second, Embezzlement is the misappropriation of entrusted funds. This involves public officials holding asserts for developments, health, and education. This pervasive form of corruption is taking place in developmental sectors where these is more exchange of money.
Thirdly, nepotism is the favoring a relative or friend to appoint on the position of institution or organization. This is common where head of institute is hiring someone he knows regardless of merit.
Fourthly, clientelism is especially politically system of vote buying in exchange for some special privilege or benefit. This form is common in areas having high concentration of poverty. This problem lies at the higher tier of system.
Corruption, however, as mentioned above, exist in many types and forms. Therefore, it must have some causes that engender this malign practice.
First, on the top of list, it is moral bankruptcy that yields this ill-practice. Moral bankruptcy is the loss of moral sense. The person who is morally blind do anything. Such person is encompassed by the greed and indulges in the corrupt practices.
Second, poverty and illiteracy go hand in hand to nurture the rampant of corruption. As mentioned earlier, clientelism is generated in poor areas where people are lacking enough income to sustain themselves. Therefore, these people are easily manipulated to sell their vote to highest bidding political force regardless of merit. Illiteracy, furthermore, also generate the corruption, because illiteracy results in inefficiency of person to know vote weight age. Thus, they too, are prone to vote-selling.
Third, it is the low income that serve as the root cause of corruption. Low income result in the lack of sufficient income to sustain one`s need of life. This often yields Bureaucratic and petty form of corruption. Because their inadequate wages motivate them to indulge in corruption.
Fourth, nepotism and non-merit appointments go together. Non-merit appointments are results of nepotism. This leads the corruption because the person who is appointed regardless of merit will never know the worth of his position. Therefore, not only he will indulge in corruption, but also will let other to indulge.
Fifth, lack of accountability account for rampant of corruption. Accountability plays key role in check and balance of corrupt practices in society. Therefore, lack of this will allow the person to commit corruption without even being coming in the eyes of law. Thus, lack of accountability is soul-aiding cause of corruption.
Sixth, lack of public awareness elevates the corruption. The common man, who in the dealings of their daily life are unaware of laws and regulations to cope this menace. Therefore, this inability allows them to pay bribes and indulge in petty corruption to avert Red-Tapism further. Thus, public awareness have key role in coping the corruption.
However, corruption having multifarious causes, leave many impacts on the society.
One, moral degradation is the basic impact caused by at individual level. An individual possess great role in the building better society is being exploited by this menace. When the person who becomes morally depraved by indulging in corruption, this makes him blind to distinguish right from wrong. Therefore, due to this, crimes, inhumane practices, injustice becomes prevalent in society.
Two, presence of political corruption weakens the institutions. This happens when the politicians adopt the policies that serve their own vested purposes instead of public interests. This lead accountability institutions to failure in detecting corrupting practices.
Three, corruption hampers the economic growth. This causes high prices to consumers and reduces foreign investment. The businessman or entrepreneur who pays the bribes gets the permission illegally of doing business, therefore, it is consumer who pays the price. While, the culture of extortion and bribery to get anything done illegally let the foreign investor to escape away to avoid problems. Thus, this hinders the economic progress.
Four, corruption induce gap between rich and poor. Corruption is the two way relation in which one is paying and the other is being paid. Both are getting right amount of advantage from each other. The one is not indulging in this in not being benefitted. Therefore, this disparity of wealth is creating the gap where the rich is getting richer and poor is getting poorer.
The pervasive corruption no matter how deep rooted it is, still can be eliminated.
The first step is to have strategic patience. It is need of time that institutions before implementing their policies should proclaim and public should know that corruption is insidious, and its roots are too deep. It will not resolve over-night, therefore patience must be adopted to remove this evil from society.
The second step to curb the corruption is to have zero tolerance policy. A policy that do not contain harsh measure to cope this menace will end in failure. Because the culprit will go un-punishable and will again indulge in corruption. Therefore, it must be dealt with iron hand. As quaid-e-azam said: “One of the biggest curses… is bribery and corruption. That really is a poison. We must put it down with an iron hand.”
The third step is paying civil servants well. There is inverse relationship between public sector wages and incidence of corruption. As already discussed low income incite person to indulge in bribery, extortion and petty to satisfy needs. Therefore, sufficient wages must be provided so that one cannot get motivation to indulge in corruption.
The fourth step in curbing corruption is promoting transparency and access to information. This creates an environment where corruption struggles to survive. Subsidies, tax exemptions, soft credits, extra-budgetary funds are the sources in which governments manage public resources. Therefore, allowing public to have access to information like where their resources are being spent. This will not only allow them to report any incidence of corruption but also help in trust building.
The fifth step in eliminating corruption is to detect international loopholes through which money gained by corrupt practices is laundered overseas. This illegal transaction is objectified when one had procured black-money is unable to invest legally and pay taxes. Therefore, to detect and close these loopholes international conventions must be called so that countries and organizations can raise their concern.
It concludes that corruption is superior ill through which society is being exploited. This peril manifest itself in society in many faces and blurs the image. Moreover, loss of morals, low income, malfunctioning accountability to name a few are the prominent causes of this menace. Further, it impacts society at individual level and collective level. Individually, it snatch away the person`s moral sense and let him prone to all other evils. Collectively, it impedes economy, create the rift among rich and poor and leading institutions to failure. However, there is nothing that cannot be solved, as it is generally said, “where there is will there`s a will, there`s a way.” Therefore, by adopting policies of patience and zero tolerance, paying civil servants well and giving access of information to public are the measure to eliminate this menace. Corruption as ‘KOFI ANAN’ is insidious plague but it should be known that still it can be resolved. As martin Luther said, ”only in the darkness can you see the stars”.

[muhammad9t5]

Hello, I am not expert in writing an essay but I have attended classes of essay famous teacher (bureaucrat). He told that most high priority causes, effects and remedies should be written first and then least priority should be written below that, and if an outline is in sentences structures then it will create the better impact on the examiner.
for example: Bribery is the most worst cause of the corruption etc.
2: Nepotism has increased the corruption in the country.
and the rest of the things in your essay will be assessed by seniors in this group.

[Maha Ali Khan]

Keep writing. you will soon get much improvements in your writing skills

[The dream of rain]

Originally Posted by Maha Ali Khan

Keep writing. you will soon get much improvements in your writing skills

Thanks... but can you point out mistakes like some areas to improve...

[areeb ahmed]

Dude I am just pointing out a few grammatical mistakes and a few sentence suggestion for the first Para. Hope it helps.

Corruption is the mother of all ills. It is defined by transparency international as, “the abuse of entrusted power for personal gain”. Therefore, being the prevalent ill, it (Contributes to the) decay (of) society (and exists in many types) by existing in many types i.e. Political, Bureaucratic and Petty corruption. This menace also posses many forms through which it (corrupts the society) perform its actions, such as bribery, Embezzlement, Nepotism, Clientelism. However, as (Since) it exists in society with( I think In many faces would be better) many faces. Therefore, its causes are multifarious, including Moral bankruptcy, Poverty and illiteracy, low income to name a few. Moreover, these causes generate vast category (plethora or a huge number) of ill-impacts. (Which) That are, moral degradation, weakening institution, hampers(Hampered) economic growth and widens (the) gap between rich and poor. Thus,(But) there (is) always a cure to every ill. Therefore, to eradicate this ill(,) some remedial measures should be taken i.e., strategic patience , zero tolerance policies(policy), paying civil servants well, promoting transparency and access to information and to close international loopholes so that society can prosper.

[hafiz rasheed]

Good dear keep it up