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just for innocentsmile
dear administrators this essay consist only helping data for innnocentsmile, who is student in pu plz donot remove my this thread , thanks
CHILD LABOUR Introduction God has given human beings the boon of wisdom and discretion to think upon the signs of the universe and to draw conclusions. That is the reason why they disclose the hidden facts of it and its structure and have made remarkable progress in many walks of life. Children are the flowers of heaven. They are the most beautiful and purest creation of God. They are innocent both inwardly and outwardly. No doubt, they are the beauty of this world. Early in the morning when the children put on different kinds of clothes and begin to go to schools for the sake of knowledge, we feel a specific kind of joy through their innocence But there are also other children, those who cannot go to schools due to financial problems, they only watch others go to schools and can merely wish to seek knowledge.It is due to many hindrances and difficulties; desperate conditions that they face in life. Having been forced to kill their aspirations, dreams and other wishes, they are pressed to earn a living for themselves and for their families. It is also a fact that there are many children who play a key role in sustaining the economically life of their family without which, their families would not be able to make ends meet. These are also part of our society who have forgotten the pleasures of their childhood. When a child in addition to getting education, earns his livelihood, this act of earning a livelihood is called as child Labour. Definition Child Labour” is generally speaking work for children that harms them or exploits them in some way (physically, mentally, morally or blocking access to education), United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund(UNICEF) defines “child” as anyone below the age of 18, and “child Labour” as some type of work performed by children below age 18. (UNICEF) Child Labour is an important and a serious global issue through which all and sundry countries of the world are directly or indirectly affected, but, it is very common in Latin America, Africa and Asia. According to some, in several Asian countries’ 1/10 manpower consists of child Labour. In India the number of children between the ages of 10-14 has crossed above 44 million, in Pakistan this number is from 8 to 10 million, in Bangladesh 8-12 million, in Brazil 7 million, whereas their number is 12 million in Nigeria. The International Labour Organization (ILO) defines child Labour as: 1- when a child is working during early age 2- he overworks or gives over time to Labour 3- he works due to the psychologically, socially, and materialistic pressure 4- he becomes ready to Labour on a very low pay Child Labour Force used in following fields 1. Nature of occupation-category of work 2. Work inside under ground mines over ground quarries, including blasting and assisting in blasting 3. Work with power driven cutting machinery like saws, shears, and guillotines, ( Thrashers, fodder cutting machines, also marbles) 4. Work with live electrical wires over 50V. 5. All operation related to leather tanning process e.g. soaking, dehairing, liming chrome tanning, deliming, pickling defleshing, and ink application. 6. Mixing or application or pesticides insecticide/fumigation. 7. Sandblasting and other work involving exposure to free silica. 8. Work with exposure to ALL toxic, explosive and carcinogenic chemicals e.g. asbestos, benzene, ammonia, chlorine, sulphur dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, caustic soda, phosphorus, benzidene dyes, isocyanides, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulphide, epoxy, resins, formaldehyde, metal fumes, heavy metals like nickel, mercury chromium, lead, arsenic, beryllium, fiber glass, and 9. Work with exposure to cement dust (cement industry) 10. Work with exposure to coal dust 11. Manufacture and sale of fireworks explosives 12. Work at the sites where Liquid Petroleum Gas (LPG) and Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) are filled in cylinders. 13. Work on glass and metal furnaces 14. Work in the clothe printing, dyeing and finishing sections 15. Work inside sewer pipelines, pits, storage tanks 16. Stone crushing 17. Lifting and carrying of heavy weight specially in transport industry ( 15b kg and above) 18. Work between 10 pm to 8 am ( Hotel Industry) 19. Carpet waving 20. Working 2 meter above the floor 21. All scavenging including hospital waste 22. tobacco process ( including Niswar) and Manufacturing 23. Deep fishing ( commercial fishing/ sea food and fish processing 24. Sheep casing and wool industry 25. Ship breaking 26. Surgical instrument manufacturing specially in vendors workshop 27. Bangles glass, furnaces CAUSES OF CHILD LABOUR Poverty Parental illiteracy Tradition of making children learn the family skills Absence of universal compulsory Primary education Social apathy and tolerance of child labour Ignorance of the parents about the adverse consequences of Child labour Ineffective enforcement of the legal provisions pertaining to child labour Non-availability of and non-accessibility to schools Irrelevant and non-attractive school curriculum Employers prefer children as they constitute cheap labour and they are not able to organize themselves against exploitation. * people don't have the security of social life * parental poverty * lack of opportunities, * high rate of population growth, * unemployment, * uneven distribution of wealth and resources, * outdated social customs and norms *cheaper labour CONSEQUENCES OF CHILD LABOUR Stunted growth of future generation Inability to harness human resources Inability to contribute to development Inability to benefit from development Citizens with accumulated frustration Adult unemployment Depreciation in wages Perpetuation of poverty Persistence of child labour Perpetuation of economic inequality Increased abuse of children Increased illiteracy Ignorant populace Citizens with inferiority complex Malnourished citizens Sick citizens Political instability Early morbidity of citizens Mental deformity of citizens Perpetuation of ill treatment Inter generational phenomenon of child labour Increased bottlenecks in the development process Wasted human resources Wasted human talents and skills Scientists, artists and persons of eminence lost to child labour Child Labour and Pakistan In Pakistan children aged 5-14 are above 40 million.During the last year,The findings were that 3.8 million children age group of 5-14 years are working in Pakistan out of total 40 million children in this age group; fifty percent of these economically active children are in age group of 5 to 9 years. Even The Constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan states: "No child below the age of fourteen, shall be engaged in any factory or mine or in any other hazardous employment." Also, "All forms of forced labour and traffic in human beings is prohibited." A number of laws contain provisions prohibiting child labour or regulating the working conditions of child and adolescent workers. The most important laws are: The present government in Pakistan has made elementary education compulsory. Along with this, the government has distributed free books in primary schools so that parents, who cannot afford their children’s school expenses, send their children to schools.. The government has not put its laws into practice to stop child Labour in our country. Employers after exploiting child Labour, extract a large surplus, whereas child Labour, despite increasing poverty, unemployment and other problems, are pressed to do anything and everything for their livelihood and the survival of their families How can we eradicate child labour? Child Labour is a complex problem which demands a range of solutions. There is no better way to prevent child Labour than to make education compulsory. The West understood this a long time ago. Laws were enacted very early to secure continued education for working children; and now they have gone a step forward, and required completion of at least the preliminary education of the child before he or she starts work 1-stronger child labor laws and other measures are necessary 2-elementary school education compulsory with the declaration by the Meiji Govt. 3-There is strict need to stop child Labour in this country 4-The orphans and other deserving children must be helped financially on a prolonged basis 5- decrease inflation rate 6- provide oppourtunities of employment to educated people 7- provide scholarship to need children 8- make good policies with the help of phlantrophist 9- introduce islamic economice system Conclusion to conclude i can sat that If we succeed to act upon these principles, our country can easily get rid of this problem i.e. child Labour. The agreement that has recently been approved by Pakistan, Norway and ILO to eradicate child Labour must be given importance and we hope that our rulers must put this agreement into practice using all means at their disposal. It is also essential to eliminate child Labour from the country, that the political, economical and social system of the country are need to be reshaped and such steps taken that make child Labour in this country a crime |
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