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Old Saturday, October 01, 2011
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Abbreviations:
From Past Papers


1. LPG: Liquefied Petroleum Gas

2. TNT: Tri Nitro Toluene

3. RNA: Ribonucleic Acid

4. CNG: Compressed Natural Gas

5. ATP: Adenosine Tri Phosphate

6. RBC: Red Blood Cells/Corpuscles

7. ECG: Electro Cardio Gram

8. PVC: Poly vinyl Chloride

9. RAM: Random Access Memory

10. CFC: Chloro Fluoro Carbon

11. LASER: Light Amplification by Stimulated emission of Radiation

12. RADAR: Radio Detection And Ranging

13. AIDS: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

14. ROM: Read Only Memory

15. LAN: Local Area Network

16. WWW: World Wide Web

17. DNA: Deoxyribonucleic Acid

18. SONAR: Sound Navigation And Ranging

19. SARS: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

20. NTP: Network Time Protocol/ Normal Temperature and Pressure

21. RQ: Respiratory Quotient

22. NPN: Negative Positive Negative/

23. PNP: Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase

24. WAN: Wide Area Network

25. CPU: Central Processing Unit

26. BCG: Bacillus Calmette Guerin

27. STP: Standard Temperature And Pressure/Shielded Twisted Pair/Sodium Tripolyphosphate/Spanning Tree Protocol

28. ATP: Adenosine Triphosphate

29. KWh: Kilo Watt Hour

30. BTU: British thermal Unit

31. LDL: Low Density Lipoprotein

32. MAF: Million Acre Feet

33. HDL: Hardware Description Language

34. MCV: Mean Corpuscular Volume

35. UHF: Ultra High Frequency

36. LED: Light emitting Diode

37. LCD: Liquid Crystal Display

38. BASIC: Beginner’s All-Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code

39. MASER: Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation

40. ETT: Educational Telecommunications and Technology/ European Transaction on Telecommunication

41. HST: High Speed Technology/ High Speed Train (in UK)/Hubble Space Telescope

42. DBS: Data Base Server/ Direct Broadcast Satellite

43. CRO: Cathode Ray Oscilloscope

44. BOT: Build, Operate and Transfer/Botulinum Toxin

45. AMU: Atomic Mass Unit

46. EMF: Electro Motive force

47. ADH: Anti-diuretic Hormone

48. GeV: Giga Electro Volt

49. CRT: Cathode Ray Tube

50. CNS: Central Nervous System

51. PTFE: Poly Tetra Fluoro Ethylene

52. GUT: Grand Unified Theory

53. LONAR: Long Range Navigation

54. MeV: Mega Electron Volt/ Million Electron Volt/ Multi-experiment Viewer

55. AWACS: Airborne Warning and Control System

56. CCTV: Closed-Circuit Television
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More Abbreviations:


1. ABM: Anti-Ballistic Missile

2. AC: Alternating Current/Air Conditioning

3. AEC: Atomic Energy Commission

4. Alt: Altitude

5. am: Ante Maridiem (Before Noon/Midday)

6. Amp: Ampere

7. APTEC: All Pakistan Technology Engineers Council

8. ATM: Automated Teller Machine (Banking)

9. AW: Atomic Weight/ Asia Watch

10. BIOS: Basic Input Output System

11. BDS: Bachelor Of Dental Surgery/ Bomb Disposal Squad

12. BP: Blood Pressure/ Boiling Point/ Blue Print

13. C/A: Current Account

14. CAA: Civil Aviation Authority

15. CABB: Centre Of Agricultural Biochemistry And Biotechnology

16. CAD: Computer-Aided Design

17. Cal: Calorie

18. CD: Compact Disc/ Civil Defence/ Community Development

19. CD-ROM: Compact Disc Read-Only Memory

20. CECP: Cotton Export Corporation Of Pakistan

21. CHASNUPP: Chashma Nuclear Power Plant

22. CMCC: China Mobile Communications Corporation

23. COM: Computer Aided Manufacturing

24. COMSAT: Communications Satellite Corporation

25. COMSTECH: Council Of Scientific And Technology Cooperation Of Islamic Conference

26. CSIRO: Commonwealth Scientific And Industrial Research Organisation

27. CTBT: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty

28. CT-Scan: Computerised Axial Tomography Scanning

29. DVD: Dynamic Versatile Disc

30. ECAT: Engineering Colleges Admission Test

31. EDB: Engineering Development Board

32. EEG: Electroencephalogram

33. ENERCON: Energy Conservation Centre

34. EPA: Energy Protection Agency

35. EPD: Energy Protection Department

36. ESA: European Space Agency

37. ESRO: European Space Research Organisation

38. FAT: File Allocation Table

39. FCPS: Fellow Of The Royal College Of Physicians And Surgeons

40. FM: Frequency Modulation

41. FMCT: Fissile Material Cut-Off Treaty

42. FRCS: Fellow Of The Royal College Of Surgeons

43. GHz. Gigahertz

44. GMT: Greenwich Mean Time

45. HIV: Human Immune Deficiency Virus

46. HTML: Hypertext Mark-Up Language

47. HTTP: Hypertext Transfer Protocol

48. IAEA:International Atomic Energy Agency (UN)

49. IBM: International Business Machine

50. IC: Integrated Circuit/ Intelligence Corps


source: EDS by Ch.Ahmad Najib
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51. ICBM: Inter-Continental Ballistic Missile

52. ICU: Intensive Care Unit

53. IEA: International Energy Agency

54. INSTRAW: International Research And Training Institute For The Advancement Of Women

55. INTELSAC: International Telecommunications Satellite Consortium

56. Intelsat: International Telecommunications Satellite Organisation

57. IRBM: Intermediate Range ballistic Missile

58. ISP: Internet Service Provider

59. IT: Information Technology

60. ITB: Information Technology Board

61. JAXA: Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

62. KANUPP: Karachi Nuclear Power Plant

63. KAPCO: Kot Adu Power Company

64. kHz: Kilohertz

65. KV: Kilo Volt

66. kW: Kilowatt

67. MCAT: Medical Colleges Admission Test

68. MDS: Master In Dental Surgery

69. MNP: Mobile Number Probability

70. MRBM: Medium Range Ballistic Missile

71. MRCP: Member Of Royal College Of Physicians

72. MRCS: Member Of Royal College Of Surgeons

73. MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging

74. MS: Medical Superintendent

75. MSN: Microsoft Network

76. MW: Megawatt

77. NADRA: National Database And Registration Authority

78. NEPRA: National Electric Power Regulatory Authority

79. NM: Nautical Mile

80. NMD: National Missile Defence

81. NPT: Non-Nuclear Proliferation Treaty

82. NRA: Nuclear Regulatory Authority

83. OGRA: Oil And Gas Regulatory Authority

84. NWD: Nation Wide Dialling

85. OGDC: Oil And Gas Development Corporation

86. pm: Post Meridiem

87. PEMRA: Pakistan Electronic Media Regulatory Authority

88. PTA: Pakistan Telecommunication Authority

89. RADAR: Radio Detection and Ranging

90. SALT: Strategic Arms Limitation Talks

91. SLV: Satellite Launch Vehicle

92. SMS: Short Message Service

93. SNGPL: Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited

94. SONAR: Sound Navigation And Ranging

95. SSGPL: Sui Southern Gas Pipeline Limited

96. STD: Subscriber’s Trunk Dialling

97. STM: Subscriber Identification

98. SUPARCO: Space And Upper Atmosphere Research Committee (Pakistan)

99. TB: Tubercle Bacillus/ Tuberculosis

100. UHF: Ultra High Frequency
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101. UNAEC: United Nations Atomic Energy Commission

102. UNESCO: United Nations Education, Scientific And Cultural Organisation

103. VCD: Video Compact Disc

104. VHF: Very High Frequency

105. WAN: Wide Area Network

106. WAP: Wireless Application Protocol

107. WAPDA: Water And Power Development Authority

108. WHO: World Health Organisation

109. WMD: Weapons Of Mass Destruction

110. WWF: World Wildlife Fund

111. ZETA: Zero Energy Thermo-Nuclear Assembly

112. ZPG: Zero Population Growth
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UNITS:
From Past Papers:


1. Force: Newton/ Dyne

2. Temperature: Kelvin/ Celsius/ Degree

3. Current: Ampere

4. Heat: Joule/ Calorie/ BTU

5. Pressure: Pascal/Torr

6. Radioactivity: Becquerel/Curie/Rutherford

7. Atomic energy: Rydberg/Joule

8. Voltage: Volt

9. Electric Potential Difference: Volt

10. Electric Charge: Coulomb

11. Power: Watt

12. Resistance: Ohm

13. Conductivity: Mho

14. Energy: Joule/ Erg

15. Distance Between Stars And Planets: Light Year

16. Wavelength: Angstrom

17. Volume: Acre-Foot/Litre

18. Frequency: Hertz

19. Rate of flow of water: Cusec

20. Length: Meter/Fermi/Parsec

21. Optical Power Of A Lens or A Curved Mirror: Dioptre

22. Plane Angle: Radian

23. Luminous Intensity: Candela

24. Amount of Substance: Mole

25. Rate Of Decay Of Radioactive Material: Rutherford

26. Sedimentation Rate: SVEDBERG Unit

27. Induction: Henry

28. Magnetic flux: Maxwell/ Weber

29. Magnetic Flux Density/Magnetic Inductivity: Telsa/Gauss

30. Electric Conductance: Siemens

31. Angle: Degree

32. Solid Angle: Steradian

33. Torque: Foot-Pound

34. Mass: Slug

35. Volume of Water Reservoirs: Acre-foot

36. Mechanical work/Energy: Erg

37. Magneto Motive Force: Gilbert
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38. Newton: Force

39. Dyne: Force

40. Kelvin: Temperature

41. Celsius: Temperature

42. Degree: Temperature

43. Ampere: Current

44. Joule: Heat/Atomic Energy/Energy

45. Calorie: Heat

46. BTU: Heat

47. Pascal: Pressure

48. Torr: Pressure

49. Becquerel: Radioactivity

50. Curie: Radioactivity

51. Rutherford: Rate Of Decay Of Radioactive Material/Radioactivity

52. Rydberg: Atomic Energy

53. Volt: Voltage/Electron Potential Difference

54. Coulomb: Electric Charge

55. Watt: Power

56. Ohm: Resistance

57. Mho: Conductivity

58. Erg: Energy

59. Light Year: Distance Between Stars

60. Angstrom: Wavelength

61. Litre: Volume

62. Acre Foot: Volume

63. Hertz: Frequency

64. Cusec: Rate Of Flow Of Water

65. Meter: Length

66. Fermi: Length

67. Parsec: Length

68. Dioptre: Optical Power Of Lens

69. Radian: Plane Angle

70. Candela: Luminous Intensity

71. SVEDBERG: Sedimentation Rate

72. Henry: inductance

73. Maxwell: Magnetic Flux

74. Weber: Magnetic Flux

75. Tesla: Magnetic Flux Density/Magnetic Inductivity

76. Gauss: Magnetic Flux Density/Magnetic Inductivity

77. Siemens: Electric Conductance

78. Degree: Angle

79. Steradian: Solid Angle

80. Foot Pound: torque

81. Slug: Mass

82. Erg: Mechanical Work/Energy

83. Gilbert: Magneto Motive Force
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Old Monday, October 03, 2011
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Inviting all the senior and experienced members for guidance..Thanking in advance...Regards
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Discoveries/Inventions-Scientists
Past Papers


1. Structure Of DNA: Watson & Crick

2. Rabies Vaccination: Louis Pasteur

3. Penicillin: Alexander Fleming

4. Genetic Laws of Heredity: Mendel

5. Vaccination Against Small Pox: Edward Jenner

6. Solar System: Copernicus

7. Current Electricity: Volta

8. Telephone: Graham Bell

9. Gramophone: Thomas Edison

10. Atomic Number: Mosley

11. Mercury Thermometer: Fahrenheit

12. Dynamite: Alfred Noble

13. Cell: Robert Hooke

14. Television: John Baird

15. X-rays: Roentgen

16. Circulation Of Blood: William Harvey

17. Bicycle: Macmillan

18. Wireless Telegraphy: Signor Marconi

19. Microorganisms: Antoni Van Leeuwenhoek

20. Laser: Dr. C. Gilbert

21. Periodic Table: Mendeleev

22. Radium: Madam Marie Curie

23. Mass/Energy Conversion Equation: Einstein

24. Cement: Joseph Aspdin

25. Simple Microscope: Hans Janssen and Zacharias Janssen

26. Sulphuric, Nitric and Hydrochloric Acid: Jabir Bin Hayan

27. Jet Engine: Frank Whittle

28. Electricity: Thomas Edison

29. Computer: Charles Babbage

30. Lightening Conductor: Benjamin Franklin

31. Semiconductor: Bardeen and Brattain

32. Uncertainty Principle: Heisenberg

33. Cyclotron: Ernest Lawrence

34. Electro Magnetic Engine: James Maxwell

35. Internal Combustion Engine: Nikolas August Otto

36. Earth As A Huge Magnet: William Gilbert

37. First Person To Orbit Earth: Yuri Gagarin

38. Water: Henry Cavendish

39. Gravitation: Newton

40. Magnet: Dr. Gilbert

41. E.M Induction: Faraday

42. Energy Quanta: Max Planck
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More Discoveries/Inventions-Scientists

43. Vitamin. C Therapy: Linus Pauling

44. First Clone Of A Sheep: Ian Wilmit

45. Streptomycin: S.A.Waksman

46. Helical Structure Of Protein: Linus Pauling

47. Polio Vaccine: Jonas Salk

48. Nylon: Wallace. H Carothers

49. Radioactivity: Becquerel

50. Safety Match: John Walker

51. Gun Powder: Roger Bacon

52. Jupiter: Galileo

53. Neutron: James Chadwick

54. Earth’s Radius: Eratosthenes

55. Oxygen: Joseph Priestley

56. Noble Gases: Cavendish

57. Synthesis Of Gene In Laboratory: Hargobind Khorana

58. Earth Revolves Round The Sun: Copernicus

59. Binomial Nomenclature: Carl Von Linnaeus

60. North America: Christopher Columbus

61. Green Land: Robert Peary

62. Transistor: William Bradford Shockley

63. Typewriter: Sholes

64. Bacteriology: Pasteur

65. Laser: Theodore Maiman

66. Father Of Botany: Theophrastus

67. Father Of Zoology: Aristotle

68. Father Of Taxonomy: Carolus Linnaeus

69. Father Of Genetics: Gregor Mendel

70. Cell Theory: Scheilden And Schwann

71. Cholera Bacillus: Robert Koch

72. Theory Of Relativity And Photoelectric Effect: Einstein

73. Insulin: Dr. F.G Banting

74. Nucleus: Robert Brown

75. Chromosome: Waldeyer

76. Ultra Violet Rays: Johann Wilhelm Ritter

77. Law Of Attraction And Repulsion Between Electric Charges: Coulomb

78. Battery: Alessandro Volta

79. Electromagnetic theory: James Clerk Maxwell

80. First Person To Televise Pictures Of Moving Objects: John Logie Baird

81. Antiseptic Medicine: Joseph Lister

82. Cotton Gin: Eli Whitney

83. Big Bang Theory: Georges Lemaitre

84. Electron: J.J Thomson

85. Aeroplane: Wilbur and Orville Wright

86. Steam Railway Locomotive: Richard Trevithick

87. Radio: Marconi

88. Household Vacuum Cleaner: Herbert Cecil Booth

89. Bakelite: Baekeland

90. Windscreen Wipers: Marry Anderson

91. Ballpoint pen: Laszlo And Georg Biro

92. Helicopter: Igor Sikorsky

93. DDT: Paul Muller

94. Blood Banking: Charles Drew

95. AK-47: Mikhail Kalashnikov

96. Integrated Circuit: Robert Noyce

97. Cellular Phone: Dr. Martin Cooper

98. Vitamins: Funk

99. Uranus: Herschel

100. Calculating Machine: Blaise Pascal

101. Tuberculosis: Robert Koch

102. Logarithm Table: John Napier

103. Malaria Parasite: Ronald Ross

104. Zero: Al Khwarizmi

105. Velocity Of Light: Roomer
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Physical Quantity—Instrument For Measurement:

Past Papers


1. Pressure: Barometer

2. Voltage: Voltmeter

3. Purity Of Milk: Lactometer

4. Temperature: Thermometer

5. Velocity Of Wind: Anemometer

6. Earthquake: Richter Scale

7. Degree Of Humidity: Hygrometer

8. Blood Pressure: Sphygmomanometer

9. Radioactivity: Geiger Counter

10. High Temperature: Pyrometer

11. Rainfall: Rain Guage

12. Earthquake Recording: Seismograph

13. Electric current: Ammeter
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