Afghanistan Rangin Dadfar Spanta 22 March 2006
Albania Besnik Mustafaj 11 September 2005
Algeria Mohammed Bedjaoui 1 May 2005
Andorra Juli Minoves Triquell 7 April 2001
Angola João Bernardo de Miranda 30 January 1999
Antigua and Barbuda Baldwin Spencer 6 January 2005
Argentina Jorge Taiana 1 December 2005
Armenia Vartan Oskanian 10 April 1998
Australia Alexander Downer 11 March 1996
Austria Ursula Plassnik 20 October 2004
Azerbaijan Elmar Mamedyarov 2 April 2004
Bahamas Fred Mitchell 10 May 2002
Bahrain Sheikh Khalid ibn Ahmad Al Khalifah 26 September 2005
Bangladesh Iajuddin Ahmed (acting) 1 November 2006
Barbados Dame Billie Miller 7 September 1994
Belarus Syarhey Martynau 21 March 2003
Belgium Karel De Gucht 20 July 2004
Belize Eamon Courtenay 12 April 2006
Benin Mariam Aladji Boni Diallo 10 April 2006
Bhutan Lyonpo Khandu Wangchuk 10 July 2003
Bolivia David Choquehuanca 23 January 2006
Bosnia and Herzegovina Mladen Ivanić 13 January 2003
Botswana Mompati Merafhe 1994
Brazil Celso Amorim 1 January 2003
Brunei Pagiran Muda Mohamed Bolkiah 1 January 1984
Bulgaria Ivailo Kalfin 16 August 2005
Burkina Faso Youssouf Ouédraogo 14 January 1999
Burma Nyan Win 18 September 2004
Burundi Antoinette Batumubwira 30 August 2005
Cambodia Hor Namhong 30 November 1998
Cameroon Jean-Marie Atangana Mebara 22 September 2006
Canada Peter MacKay 6 February 2006
Cape Verde Víctor Borges 3 April 2004
Central African Republic Côme Zoumara 2 September 2006
Chad Ahmad Allam-Mi 7 August 2005
Chile Alejandro Foxley 11 March 2006
People's Republic of China Li Zhaoxing 17 March 2003
Colombia María Consuelo Araújo 7 August 2006
Comoros Ahmed Said Jaffar 28 May 2006
Republic of the Congo Rodolphe Adada 3 November 1997
Democratic Republic of the Congo Raymond Ramazani Baya 22 July 2004
Costa Rica Bruno Stagno 8 May 2006
Côte d'Ivoire Youssouf Bakayoko 3 January 2006
Croatia Kolinda Grabar-Kitarović 17 February 2005
Cuba Felipe Pérez Roque 28 May 1999
Cyprus George Lillikas 13 June 2006
Czech Republic Alexandr Vondra 4 September 2006
Denmark Per Stig Møller 27 November 2001
Djibouti Mahamoud Ali Youssouf 22 May 2005
Dominica Charles Savarin 12 May 2005
Dominican Republic Carlos Morales Troncoso 16 August 2004
East Timor José Luís Guterres 14 July 2006
Egypt Ahmed Aboul Gheit 10 July 2004
Ecuador Francisco Carrión 10 October 2005
El Salvador Francisco Laínez 1 June 2004
Equatorial Guinea Pastor Micha Ondó Bile 11 February 2003
Eritrea Mohamed Omar (acting) October 2005
Estonia Urmas Paet 13 April 2005
Ethiopia Seyoum Mesfin 1991
Fiji Kaliopate Tavola 4 July 2000
Finland Erkki Tuomioja 25 February 2000
France Philippe Douste-Blazy 2 June 2005
Gabon Jean Ping 25 January 1999
Gambia Bala Garba Jahumpa 27 October 2006
Georgia Gela Bezhuashvili 19 October 2005
Germany Frank-Walter Steinmeier 22 November 2005
Ghana Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo 1 April 2003
Greece Dora Bakoyannis 15 February 2006
Grenada Elvin Nimrod 2000
Guatemala Gert Rosenthal 1 August 2006
Guinea Mamady Condé 29 May 2006
Guinea-Bissau António Isaac Monteiro 9 November 2005
Guyana Samuel Insanally 21 May 2001
Haiti Rénald Clérismé 9 June 2006
Honduras Milton Jiménez 27 January 2006
Holy See Dominique Mamberti 15 September 2006
Hungary Kinga Göncz 9 June 2006
Iceland Valgerður Sverrisdóttir 15 June 2006
India Pranab Mukherjee 24 October 2006
Indonesia Hassan Wirajuda 9 August 2001
Iran Manouchehr Mottaki 24 August 2005
Iraq Hoshyar Zebari 3 September 2003
Ireland Dermot Ahern 29 September 2004
Israel Tzipi Livni 18 January 2006
Italy Massimo D'Alema 17 May 2006
Jamaica Anthony Hylton 31 March 2006
Japan Taro Aso 21 October 2005
Jordan Abdul Ilah Khatib 27 November 2005
Kazakhstan Kasymzhomart Tokayev 29 January 2002
Kenya Raphael Tuju 7 December 2005
Kyrgyzstan Alikbek Jekshenkulov 30 September 2005
Kiribati Anote Tong 4 July 2003
North Korea Paek Nam Sun 5 September 1998
South Korea Song Min Soon 1 November 2006
Kuwait Sheikh Muhammad Al-Sabah Al-Salim Al-Sabah 14 July 2003
Laos Thongloun Sisoulith 8 June 2006
Latvia Artis Pabriks 21 July 2004
Lebanon Fawzi Salloukh 19 July 2005
Lesotho Monyane Moleleki 19 November 2004
Liberia George Wallace 23 January 2006
Libya Abdel Rahman Shalgham 1 March 2000
Liechtenstein Rita Kieber-Beck 21 April 2005
Lithuania Petras Vaitiekūnas 18 July 2006
Luxembourg Jean Asselborn 21 July 2004
Macedonia Antonio Milošoski 27 Aug 2006
Madagascar Marcel Ranjeva 14 May 2002
Malaysia Syed Hamid Albar 8 January 1999
Malawi Joyce Banda 1 June 2006
Maldives Ahmed Shaheed 14 July 2005
Mali Moctar Ouane 2 May 2004
Malta Michael Frendo 3 July 2004
Marshall Islands Gerald Zackios 6 July 2001
Mauritius Madun Dulloo 7 July 2005
Mauritania Ahmed Ould Sidi Ahmed 10 August 2005
Mexico Patricia Espinosa 1 December 2006
Micronesia Sebastian Anefal 5 September 2003
Moldova Andrei Stratan 4 February 2002
Monaco Henri Fissore 11 July 2006
Mongolia Nyamaa Enkhbold 28 January 2006
Montenegro Milan Rocen 10 November 2006
Morocco Mohamed Benaissa 8 April 1999
Mozambique Alcinda Abreu 3 February 2005
Namibia Marco Hausiku 27 May 2004
Nauru David Adeang 22 June 2004
Nepal Khadga Prasad Oli 2 May 2006
Netherlands Bernard Bot 3 December 2003
New Zealand Winston Peters 19 October 2005
Nicaragua Norman José Caldera Cardenal 10 January 2002
Niger Aïchatou Mindaoudou 17 September 2001
Nigeria Joy Ogwu 30 August 2006
Norway Jonas Gahr Støre 17 October 2005
Oman Youssef al-Alawi Abdullah 1982
Pakistan Khurshid Mahmood Kasuri 23 November 2002
Palau Tommy Remengesau 1 January 2001
Palestinian Authority Mahmoud al-Zahar 29 March 2006
Panama Samuel Lewis Navarro 1 September 2004
Papua New Guinea Paul Tiensten 15 November 2006
Paraguay Rubén Ramírez Lezcano 22 August 2006
Peru José Antonio García Belaúnde 28 July 2006
Philippines Alberto Romulo 18 August 2004
Poland Anna Fotyga 5 May 2006
Portugal Luís Amado 3 July 2006
Qatar Sheikh Hamad ibn Jaber Al Thani 1 September 1992
Romania Mihai-Răzvan Ungureanu 29 December 2004
Russia Sergey Lavrov 9 March 2004
Rwanda Charles Murigande 15 November 2002
Saint Kitts and Nevis Timothy Harris 10 August 2001
Saint Lucia Petrus Compton 26 October 2004
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Sir Louis Straker 8 December 2005
San Marino Fiorenzo Stolfi 27 July 2006
Samoa Tuilaepa Sailele Malielegaoi 23 November 1998
Sao Tome and Principe Carlos Gustavo dos Anjos 21 April 2006
Saudi Arabia Prince Sa'ud al-Faysal 13 October 1975
Senegal Cheikh Tidiane Gadio 5 April 2000
Serbia Vuk Drašković 5 June 2006
Seychelles Patrick Pillay 12 February 2005
Sierra Leone Momodu Koroma 21 May 2002
Singapore George Yeo 12 August 2004
Slovakia Ján Kubiš 4 July 2006
Slovenia Dimitrij Rupel 3 December 2004
Solomon Islands Patteson Oti 5 May 2006
Somalia Ismail Mahmud Hurre 21 August 2006
South Africa Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma 17 June 1999
Spain Miguel Ángel Moratinos 18 May 2004
Sri Lanka Mangala Samaraweera 23 November 2005
Sudan Lam Akol 20 September 2005
Suriname Lygia Kraag-Keteldijk 1 September 2005
Swaziland Moses Mathendele Dlamini 23 February 2006
Sweden Carl Bildt 6 October 2006
Switzerland Micheline Calmy-Rey 1 January 2003
Syria Walid Muallem 11 February 2006
Republic of China (Taiwan) James Huang 25 January 2006
Tajikistan Talbak Nazarovv 1994
Tanzania Asha-Rose Migiro 4 January 2006
Thailand Nitya Pibulsonggram 9 October 2006
Togo Zarifou Ayéva 20 June 2005
Tonga Sonatane Tu'a Taumoepeau Tupou 2 September 2004
Trinidad and Tobago Arnold Piggott 29 September 2006
Tunisia Abdelwahab Abdallah 17 August 2005
Turkey Abdullah Gül 14 March 2003
Turkmenistan Rashid Meredov 7 July 2001
Tuvalu Apisai Ielemia 14 August 2004
Uganda Sam Kutesa 13 January 2005
Ukraine Borys Tarasyuk 4 February 2005
United Arab Emirates Sheikh Abdullah ibn Zaid Al Nahayan 9 February 2006
United Kingdom Margaret Beckett 5 May 2006
United States Condoleezza Rice 26 January 2005
Uruguay Reinaldo Gargano 1 March 2005
Uzbekistan Vladimir Norov 12 July 2006
Vanuatu Sato Kilman 11 December 2004
Venezuela Nicolás Maduro Moros 9 August 2006
Vietnam Phạm Gia Khiêm 28 June 2006
Western Sahara (SADR) Mohamed Salem Ould Salek 21 January 1998
Yemen Abou Bakr al-Kerbi 4 April 2001
Zambia Mundia Sikatana 9 October 2006
Zimbabwe Simbarashe Mumbengegwi 15 April 2005

Foreign ministers of unrecognized countries, disputed territories, etc.

Abkhazia Sergey Shamba 2004
Chechnya Akhmed Zakayev 27 May 2006
Cook Islands Wilkie Rassmussen 2005
Northern Cyprus Turgay Avci 25 September 2006
Nagorno-Karabakh Georgy Petrosyan 2005
Somaliland Edna Adan Ismail 2003

European Union Javier Solana (Spain) 1999

Largest Countries (by land mass)
1. Russia 17,075,400 sq km 6,592,846 sq miles
2. Canada 9,330,970 sq km 3,602,707 sq miles
3. China 9,326,410 sq km 3,600,947 sq miles
4. USA 9,166,600 sq km 3,539,242 sq miles
5. Brazel 8,456,510 sq km 3,265,075 sq miles
6. Australia 7,617,930 sq km 2,941,283 sq miles
7. India 2,973,190 sq km 1,147,949 sq miles
8. Argentina 2,736,690 sq km 1,056,636 sq miles
9. Kazakhstan 2,717,300 sq km 1,049,150 sq miles
10. Sudan 2,376,000 sq km 917,374 sq miles.

Smallest Countries (by land mass)

1. Vatican City 0.44 sq km 0.17 sq miles
2. Monaco 1.95 sq km 0.75 sq miles
3. Nauru 21.2 sq km 8.2 sq miles
4. Tuvalu 26 sq km 10 sq miles
5. San Marino 61 sq km 24 sq miles
6.Liechtenstein 160 sq km 62 sq miles
7. Marshall Islands 181 sq km 70 sq miles
8. Seychelles 270 sq km 104 sq miles
9. Maldives 00 sq km 116 sq miles
10. St. Kitts and Nevis 360 sq km 139 sq miles

__________________
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loog meltay rahe carvan banta chala gaya

Oldest Countries

1. San Marino 301 AD
2. France 486 AD
3. Bulgaria 632 AD
4. Denmark 950 AD
5. Portugal 1143 AD
6. Andorra 1278 AD
7. Switzerland 1291 AD


Youngest Countries

1. Serbia & Montenegra 2006
2. East Timor 2002
3. Palau 1994
4. Czech Republic 1993
5. Eritrea 1993
6. Slovakia 1993
7. Bosnia/Hertzegovina 1992

Countries with most landed borders
(the most neighboring countries)
1. China 14
2. Russian Federation 14
3. Brazil 10
4. Congo, Germany & Sudan 9
5. Austria, France, Tanzania,
Turkey & Zambia 8

Number of Countries

1. Africa 53
2. Europe 46
3. Asia 44
4. North America 23
5. Oceania 14
6. South America 12
7. Antarctica 0

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main akaila he chalta gaya janeb e manzil
loog meltay rahe carvan banta chala gaya

Continents (by size)

1. Asia 44,579,000 sq km
2. Africa 30,065,000 sq km
3. North America 24,256,000 sq km
4. South America 17,819,000 sq km
5. Antarctica 13,209,000 sq km
6. Europe 9,938,000 sq km
7. Australia/Oceania 7,687,000 sq km


In some parts of the world the students are taught that there are only 6 continents, as they combine North America & South America
into one continent called Americas. Other experts use only six continents by combinig Europe & Asia into a continent called Eurasia.
(a) Americas 42,075,000 sq km
(b) Eurasia 54,697,000 sq km

__________________
main akaila he chalta gaya janeb e manzil
loog meltay rahe carvan banta chala gaya