Q what are the determinants of perception?

next question will be discussed after this one is answered

These are the factors of perception

Determinants and factors are same thing



Regards

__________________
I know who am I but here is still need to know what am I ? (A.N)

visit the following links:

http://www.illusionworks.com/
http://www.yorku.ca/research/vision/eye
http://aspen.uml.edu/~landigrad/ILLUSION.HTML
http://pantheon.yale.edu/~chunlab/chunlab_projects.html

hope they'll help you.

__________________
~A Philosophy Freak~

thanks for your reply
my idea was to give questions from past papers one by one
what i want in reply or expected is an outline of that question
of course we need guidance
but we have books
idea is to move the thoughts and all detail you have of subject in away that you practise or become use to paper format
once again thanks
really appreciated.hoping for further replies from you both.

What are the main determinants of perception? Explain the effects of learning and motivation on perception.

paper I 2002 psychology q.5
in some papers it says determinants of perception(any 5 out of 8)
Ans. may be like this as i think
Factors influencing in the perceiver:
attitudes.
motives.
interest.
experience./emotions
expectations

Factors in the Target:
motion.
sounds.
size.
background.
proximity
movement

Factors in the Situation/environment:
time.
work setting.
social setting.

but how to answer in paper is what is my idea and is required,
everyone is welcome in it who has knowledge of psychology

__________________
Reality is something you rise above.

give me a day
i'll prepare the answer with full detail and will type it here for you the way i attempted the papers. u may not agree with my way coz none of my answers exceeded four page (the maximum) coz i just write the core:to the point and avoid lengthy answers.

well the links that i provided you is the best source for you, more than a book cos there u can find the latest research work also, which will surely help you organize your thoughts and write them in a proper way.

regards!!!

__________________
~A Philosophy Freak~

thanks for your response
i am looking forward for answer.i also don't like lengthy answers rather precise ,more points,relevant and one which scores is what i want in an answer
as regards latest research i think it may not contribute that much to an answer
as it requires to the point approach.research may help well in understanding trends.also i want to say that only write outline of answers here. so we have core knowledge of attempting question and study in right direction.to elaborate answer one has to use his own skills.if something which you think is worth mentioning for elaboration do mention it.if an answer requires elaboration you are welcome to write here.thanks again
looking forward to your answer

__________________
Reality is something you rise above.

yes plz do it for our sake.
i wl be thankfull to you.

__________________
Recite a Darood Shareef at least once and now.
(RAFIQUE AHMED KHOKHAR)

well,
i think u shud mention in ur answer the recent trends and approach.

thats the way it shud be i think.
but still if u think u need not to do so then, u have the right for such an approach.
inshallah i'll be posting the answer tomorrow.

regards!!

__________________
~A Philosophy Freak~

PERCEPTION

GESTALT PSYCHOLOGY AND PERCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION
Form perception
Grouping

Gestalt Laws of Perception
~ Proximity
~ Similarity
~ Continuity
~ Closure
~ Part-whole relationship
~ common fate

An evaluation of the Gestalt contribution.
~ A major philosophical influence on Gestalt psychology was phenomenology.
~ “there seems to be a single starting point for psychology, exactly as for all the other sciences: the world as we find it, naively and uncertainly”.

~ Navon’s work on global and local concepts.


Depth perception
~ non-pictorial (primary) cues
* retinal disparity
* stereopsis
* accomodation
* convergence
~ Pictorial (secondary) cues
• relative size
• relative brightness
• superimposition (overlap)
• linear perspective
• aerial perspective
• height in the horizontal plane
• light and shadow
• texture gradient
• motion parallax

Perceptual Constancy
• size constancy
• location constancy
• brightness constancy
• colour constancy


Illusions
• distortions(geometric illusions)
o eg: Ponzo illusion, Poggendorf illusion, Muller-Lyer illusion, horizontal-vertical illusion,Titchener’s circles,twisted card illusion


• ambiguous or reverible figures
o eg:Necker cube, Boring’s Old/Young Woman


• paradoxical figures or impossible objects
o eg:Penrose Impossible Triangle, The Devil’s Pitchfork, M.C. Escher’s Relativity.


• Fictions
o Eg:white triangle, the curved subjective contours, lines of different orientation producing a subjective contour.

Illusions of movement
Examples:
• The autokinetic effect
• Stroboscopic motion
• The Phi Phenomenon
• Induced movement
• Motion after effects

Perception of Real movement
• The importance of eye working and brain.
• Configurational change



THEORIES OF VISUAL PERCEPTION:
• Direct (bottom-up/data driven) or “ecological as said by Bruce & Green”
• Indirect (top-down/conceptually driven) or “traditional”
• Nature (nativists approach)
• Nurture (empiricists approach)



GREGORY’S CONSTRUCTIVIST THEORY
“Perception is not determined simply by stimulus patterns. Rather, it is a dynamic searching for the best interpretation of the available data … [which] involves going beyond the immediately given evidence of the senses” _Gregory (1966)

Gregory’s theory and perceptual constancies keeping in view the concepts of low-level knowledge (sensory inputs to the retina)and high-level knowledge (expectations based on past experience), Gregory argues that perception must be an indirect process involving a construction based on physical sources of energy.

~ Gregory’s theory and Perceptual set:
• selector
• interpreter.

Followings are the inputs to such set and the output is perceived by the selector and interpreter.
• motivation
• emotion
• values
• beliefs
• cognitive style
• context and expectations


GIBSON’S THEORY OF DIRECT PERCEPTION:
~ optic flow patterns
~ texture gradients
~ affordances



NOTE: you must understand different theories in order to know the determinants of percetion.

__________________
~A Philosophy Freak~

Paper 2007

q. give different types of theroies of motivation and explain any one of it ?

Need clearance :-
If we take a look at the syllabus provided to us by the FPSC , the theories of motivation are given of 3 psychologists namely , freud , lewin and maslow....... are we suppose to give these theories for our answer ?

Because if you look at motivational theories, they range aside of the aforementioned psychologists.
your views req !