Friday, March 29, 2024
02:58 AM (GMT +5)

Go Back   CSS Forums > CSS Optional subjects > Group IV > History of USA

Reply Share Thread: Submit Thread to Facebook Facebook     Submit Thread to Twitter Twitter     Submit Thread to Google+ Google+    
 
LinkBack Thread Tools Search this Thread
  #41  
Old Wednesday, November 27, 2013
Senior Member
Medal of Appreciation: Awarded to appreciate member's contribution on forum. (Academic and professional achievements do not make you eligible for this medal) - Issue reason:
 
Join Date: Jul 2013
Location: islamabad
Posts: 279
Thanks: 96
Thanked 167 Times in 120 Posts
sadafnoorelahi will become famous soon enough
Default

comments, criticism and suggestions are strongly encouraged.

Q.4 What developments lead to the war of 1812? How did the war increase American prestige? (2008)

Introduction:

The war of 1812 was the first and decisive war between U.S and Britain. It paved the way for their future relationship. many critics hold the view that the war of 1812 was fought by the u.s to uphold national honour.

Causes of war of 1812

i) Trade restrictions:
british imposed trade restrictions on U.S for trading with French with whom they were at war. They refused the right of the U.S to remain neutral. Through grand council, they imposed trade restrictions.

ii) Threat of u.s maritime supremacy and commercial growth:
according to critics “ a large section of british in the government and civilian were resentful of the u.s maritime which posed a threat to the british supremacy”. Between 1800-1808, u.s military had nearly doubled. British were the largest trade partner of u.s and they were also envious of commercial growth of u.s.


iii) Impressments:
during napoleonic wars, british increased the total number of ships to 600. In peaceful times, volunteers manned the ships. However, during the war, they resorted to forced impressments. While, u.s recognized the right of british born to naturalization, british rejected it. They were not willing to accept any individual from changing his allegiance from the british crown. Following this concept, they even forced the british-born to serve in Napoleonic wars.

iv) Tension in the north-west territory:
in the treaty of paris, north west territory had been ceded to the u.s. following this, an agreement was signed between the u.s and the north western territory to maintain peace. However, they were inspired by indigenous leaders, namely techmseh, tenskwatwa and Shawnee prophet. Particularly, Tecumseh held the view that he wanted to expel “children of evil” from u.s which meant the Americans. British found a strong ally in north west territory and so supplied them with arms. They always wanted to create a neutral buffer state in the north-west. Consequently, there was an alarming increase in the number of Americans killed in the north west. this further aggravated the tension between british and the u.s.



v) American expansionism.:
many critics before 1940s held the view that America wanted to expand into Canadian territory. British were much opposed to the expansion. However, later critics belief that war of 1812 was not due to the expansionist desire of the America.

vi) Political causes:
while the british were busy in Europe, u.s was passing through a tug-of-war between the federalists and the non-federalists. The federalists were those who wanted strong central government and friendly relationship with the british. On the other hand, democratic-republicans wanted states to be more powerful than the centre and were not willing to maintain relationships with british at the expense of their own interests. Madison, was elected as the president. He was towards the end of his first tenure. The anti-federalists had consolidated their position in the political arena. Following this, Madison expressed the resentment of u.s against the british policies before the house of representatives. Congress deliberated for a few days and finally agreed upon declaring a war. Madison put the measure into law.

All the federalists opposed the move and thus, the war is known as the madison’s war.

Peace negotiations:

In 1814, both u.s and british were tired and weary over fighting. They had already obtained their objectives and did not find any reason to continue fighting. Stalemate ensued. both the actors of the war sent their representatives to a neutral place, ghent, Belgium to negotiate. The talks started in august and ended in December.by the time, both the players were thinking of new invasions

British began to blockade the English ports to reduce the American trade to a trickle. This move however, affected their interest more in Canada. Soon the landowners also began to protest and asked the government to resume trade.

Critical analysis:
Many critics hold the view that with neither side ending or losing territory, the war ended peacefully. Both the countries were able to develop a friendly policy towards each other on equal footings. In addition, they also devised a welcoming policy towards Canada. Still, there is a section of the society, which believes that it was a british victory, as America failed to expand into Canada. Impressments had ended before the war with the culmination of Napoleonic wars. But the fact remains, that the war helped u.s to maintain its prestige in international politics.

Following the war, rush-bagot treaty was concluded, which was aimed the demilitarization of lake champlain. This was a great move as british had still deployed their armed forces in the area. Both the countries developed a strategic policy and worked as allies in the 20th century.


Conclusion:

the war of 1812 was fought due to the british domination and intervention in American domestic affairs. The ruling anti-federalist were irritated by the british policies and sought to put an end to the dictatorial attitude. The war of 1812 ended up with neither side winning and losing. Treaty of ghent established status quo ante bellum.Moreover, it also helped both the combatant nations to develop friendly policy towards each other. Except for a few clashes, they have continued to be great allies.
Reply With Quote
  #42  
Old Wednesday, November 27, 2013
Senior Member
Medal of Appreciation: Awarded to appreciate member's contribution on forum. (Academic and professional achievements do not make you eligible for this medal) - Issue reason:
 
Join Date: Jul 2013
Location: islamabad
Posts: 279
Thanks: 96
Thanked 167 Times in 120 Posts
sadafnoorelahi will become famous soon enough
Default

naveed sir. i am unable to understand how to attempt this question. in such case, can i write all that i know about war of independence and war of 1812? any one else who would like to help is also warmly welcomed.


Q:2. The American first war with the Britain made them independent; the second made them a formidable power. Discuss.
Outline:
A) Introduction:

War of independence led to the independence of former british colnies. The colonists had been irritated by the dictatorial and discriminatory policies of the british such as mercantilism, woolen act, hat act, boston massacre, boston tea party etc. as a result, they fought against their british masters. Even after independence, british continuedits efforts to curb the liberty of u.s. as a result, the ruling government of u.s declared war of 1812

B) War of independence

1) Causes of war of independence
a) Mercantilism
b) Intolerable acts
c) Great awakening
d) Boston massacre
e) Boston tea party
f) 1st constitutional congress
g) 2nd constitutional congress
h) Revolutionary pamphlets and organizations

2) Treaty of paris

C) War of 1812

1) Causes of war of 1812
a) Impressments
b) Trade restrictions
c) Northwest territory
d) Rise of democratic-republican party
2) Treaty of ghent


D) Critical analysis:
War of independence was a unique chapter in the history of the world. It was the war between the weak and the powerful. The war led to the independence of former british colonies. It infused ray of hope and unified diversified ethnicities. war of 1812 was a very important milestone in the history of U.S as it was fought to uphold their American prestige. In many ways, it changed everything forever between the two combatant nations. british recognized the rights of U.S and also agreed to the demilitarization of lake of champlain.
Reply With Quote
  #43  
Old Thursday, November 28, 2013
taania's Avatar
Member
 
Join Date: Nov 2013
Posts: 51
Thanks: 18
Thanked 38 Times in 26 Posts
taania is on a distinguished road
Default

i think after introduction you will provide the details you have mentioned in the answer of this question with some alterations,Some American historians insist that the American Revolution was a social upheaval as well as a political revolt. Discuss the social and economic results of the Revolutionary Years. .
and then come to the effects,significance and consequences of 1812 war :

i have a confusion if any one could help out in the Dred Scot case it is stated that Missouri was a free state, while it was admitted to the union as slave state,had it abolished slavery before the case?when???/
__________________
Za khu dalta pa AZab ym, da hpl khud ao hpl ihsas.
Reply With Quote
  #44  
Old Friday, November 29, 2013
Naveed_Bhuutto's Avatar
Senior Member
Medal of Appreciation: Awarded to appreciate member's contribution on forum. (Academic and professional achievements do not make you eligible for this medal) - Issue reason: Diligent Service Medal: Awarded upon completion of 5 years of dedicated services and contribution to the community. - Issue reason:
 
Join Date: Sep 2009
Location: Abu Dhabi
Posts: 741
Thanks: 842
Thanked 1,879 Times in 593 Posts
Naveed_Bhuutto is a jewel in the roughNaveed_Bhuutto is a jewel in the roughNaveed_Bhuutto is a jewel in the rough
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by sadafnoorelahi View Post
naveed sir. i am unable to understand how to attempt this question. in such case, can i write all that i know about war of independence and war of 1812? any one else who would like to help is also warmly welcomed.


Q:2. The American first war with the Britain made them independent; the second made them a formidable power. Discuss.
Outline:
A) Introduction:

War of independence led to the independence of former british colnies. The colonists had been irritated by the dictatorial and discriminatory policies of the british such as mercantilism, woolen act, hat act, boston massacre, boston tea party etc. as a result, they fought against their british masters. Even after independence, british continuedits efforts to curb the liberty of u.s. as a result, the ruling government of u.s declared war of 1812

B) War of independence

1) Causes of war of independence
a) Mercantilism
b) Intolerable acts
c) Great awakening
d) Boston massacre
e) Boston tea party
f) 1st constitutional congress
g) 2nd constitutional congress
h) Revolutionary pamphlets and organizations

2) Treaty of paris

C) War of 1812

1) Causes of war of 1812
a) Impressments
b) Trade restrictions
c) Northwest territory
d) Rise of democratic-republican party
2) Treaty of ghent


D) Critical analysis:
War of independence was a unique chapter in the history of the world. It was the war between the weak and the powerful. The war led to the independence of former british colonies. It infused ray of hope and unified diversified ethnicities. war of 1812 was a very important milestone in the history of U.S as it was fought to uphold their American prestige. In many ways, it changed everything forever between the two combatant nations. british recognized the rights of U.S and also agreed to the demilitarization of lake of champlain.
@Sadat.... This is exactly what I wrote in my answer copy in CSS 2012 papers . But this is not the Right Technique I guess. as the question is HOW they became independent/formidable power. I think the best way to answer this question would be to argue that how were the 1st war made them independent and the 2nd formidable power.

I think 2 headings are very important in answering this question

1. How the 1st war with Britain Made them Independent
  • a. No More Mercantilism Acts
  • b. Collect and Spend Tax on their on People
  • c. Native Leaders
  • d. No more trade embargoes
  • and many more heading can be added [Brainstorming Needed ]


2. How 2nd war made them a Formidable Power
  • a. Started believing in their Abilities
  • b. Defeat the then World Super Power twice
  • c. [Brainstorming again ]



@Sadaf You are more then welcome to comment/correct or criticize my approach or add any valuable point in this if you can.

Quote:
Originally Posted by taania View Post
i have a confusion if any one could help out in the Dred Scot case it is stated that Missouri was a free state, while it was admitted to the union as slave state,had it abolished slavery before the case?when???/
@Taania.... you are mixing two things at one place. 1st of all you should know that Dred Scot case was an issue in 1857 where as Missouri was admitted to union as Slave State in Missouri Compromise 1820. you can refer to my notes for better understanding of Missouri compromise.

While Supreme Court in the Dred Scott decision, ruled that Congress did not have the authority to prohibit slavery in the territories and therefore declared Missouri Compromise unconstitutional. which ultimately led to civil war.
__________________
True knowledge exists in knowing that you know nothing. "Socrates"
Reply With Quote
The Following 3 Users Say Thank You to Naveed_Bhuutto For This Useful Post:
sadafnoorelahi (Sunday, December 08, 2013), taania (Friday, November 29, 2013), ZaeemAli572 (Tuesday, August 30, 2016)
  #45  
Old Tuesday, December 17, 2013
Naveed_Bhuutto's Avatar
Senior Member
Medal of Appreciation: Awarded to appreciate member's contribution on forum. (Academic and professional achievements do not make you eligible for this medal) - Issue reason: Diligent Service Medal: Awarded upon completion of 5 years of dedicated services and contribution to the community. - Issue reason:
 
Join Date: Sep 2009
Location: Abu Dhabi
Posts: 741
Thanks: 842
Thanked 1,879 Times in 593 Posts
Naveed_Bhuutto is a jewel in the roughNaveed_Bhuutto is a jewel in the roughNaveed_Bhuutto is a jewel in the rough
Default

Quote:
Originally Posted by sadafnoorelahi View Post
@ naveed bhutto. i have heard one should not write a critical analysis of constitution as constitutions should not be criticised. kindly respond.


Q.3. What were the major flaws in the Articles of Confederation (the first constitution of the United States of America) that led to the Philadelphia Convention and the drafting of a new constitution? Discuss the salient features of the present constitution of the United States of America. (20)
rights.
Dont write critical analysis for a constitution until and unless it requires one, regarding the perception k one should never right a critical analysis or one should not/ cannot critize the constitution; i think this is wrong. If this was the case then no amendments would ever had been done to any constitution.

Because amendment itself is the biggest critic of any consistution. This mean k constitution was ok but it was lacking an important issue which was added later to it in form of amendment. In this case the US constitution is been criticized, argued and amended by its own proples for about 27 times.
__________________
True knowledge exists in knowing that you know nothing. "Socrates"
Reply With Quote
  #46  
Old Sunday, January 05, 2014
ayeshakhan's Avatar
Member
 
Join Date: Sep 2011
Location: Rawalpindi
Posts: 30
Thanks: 0
Thanked 12 Times in 4 Posts
ayeshakhan is on a distinguished road
Default Outline

Hello,
What will be the correct approach to solve this question?? what will be the outline??


Woodrow Wilson had said, "We had a chance to gain the leadership for the world. We have lost it, and soon we shall be witnessing the tragedy of it all". Comment upon America's attitude towards Treaty of Versailles.
Reply With Quote
  #47  
Old Thursday, February 06, 2014
Senior Member
Medal of Appreciation: Awarded to appreciate member's contribution on forum. (Academic and professional achievements do not make you eligible for this medal) - Issue reason:
 
Join Date: Jul 2013
Location: islamabad
Posts: 279
Thanks: 96
Thanked 167 Times in 120 Posts
sadafnoorelahi will become famous soon enough
Default

Explain the characteristics of Colonial assemblies and representative government from 1776 to 1789.

all i can find is that between 1776 to 1789, only continental congress operated. there was no central government. states were soverign and independent and had extensive powers whereas continental congress had only limited powers.

is there anything else to this question other than continental congress ?

ayesha in treaty of versailles outline would be

introduction
background of world war 1 (economic, men and property losses)
big three (france, GB, and us)
points of Treaty of versailles( territorial land, limitations on military, acknowldgement of their fault, payment of losses
reactions of germany, GB,france, wilson
conclusion
Reply With Quote
  #48  
Old Friday, June 26, 2015
Naveed_Bhuutto's Avatar
Senior Member
Medal of Appreciation: Awarded to appreciate member's contribution on forum. (Academic and professional achievements do not make you eligible for this medal) - Issue reason: Diligent Service Medal: Awarded upon completion of 5 years of dedicated services and contribution to the community. - Issue reason:
 
Join Date: Sep 2009
Location: Abu Dhabi
Posts: 741
Thanks: 842
Thanked 1,879 Times in 593 Posts
Naveed_Bhuutto is a jewel in the roughNaveed_Bhuutto is a jewel in the roughNaveed_Bhuutto is a jewel in the rough
Default

Federalist vs. Anti Federalist



Federalist


i. Strong Federation
ii. Representation according to Population
iii. No need of Bill of Rights
iv. Wanted to Ratify the Constitution
v. Property and land should be managed by aristocrats


Anti Federalist


i. Strong States
ii. Equal Representation
iii. In favor of Bill of Rights
iv. Opposed Constitution because wanted more powers for state
v. Equal distribution of wealth
__________________
True knowledge exists in knowing that you know nothing. "Socrates"
Reply With Quote
The Following 2 Users Say Thank You to Naveed_Bhuutto For This Useful Post:
Bookaholic (Saturday, March 12, 2016), OAli (Wednesday, September 16, 2015)
  #49  
Old Wednesday, October 14, 2015
Member
 
Join Date: Feb 2013
Posts: 42
Thanks: 14
Thanked 1 Time in 1 Post
Iqra Qureshi is on a distinguished road
Default federal govt power

Need help regarding this ques
Kindly make outlines of this ques or tell me which topic includes in this ques from majumdar book or NOA notes
Discuss the trends and causes leading to the expansion of federal govt's power in US????
NEED HEL
Reply With Quote
  #50  
Old Friday, March 11, 2016
Naveed_Bhuutto's Avatar
Senior Member
Medal of Appreciation: Awarded to appreciate member's contribution on forum. (Academic and professional achievements do not make you eligible for this medal) - Issue reason: Diligent Service Medal: Awarded upon completion of 5 years of dedicated services and contribution to the community. - Issue reason:
 
Join Date: Sep 2009
Location: Abu Dhabi
Posts: 741
Thanks: 842
Thanked 1,879 Times in 593 Posts
Naveed_Bhuutto is a jewel in the roughNaveed_Bhuutto is a jewel in the roughNaveed_Bhuutto is a jewel in the rough
Default

Triangular Diplomacy: U.S., USSR, and China




Mao Zedong
After his takeover in 1949, Mao Zedong's China went unrecognized for years by the United States. China was also barred from the United Nations by an American veto. Instead, the U.S. supported the Chinese Nationalist government in Taiwan.


Unlike his predecessor, RICHARD NIXON longed to be known for his expertise in FOREIGN POLICY. Although occupied with the Vietnam War, Nixon also initiated several new trends in American diplomatic relations. Nixon contended that the communist world consisted of two rival powers — the Soviet Union and China. Given the long history of animosity between those two nations, Nixon and his adviser HENRY KISSINGER, decided to exploit that rivalry to win advantages for the United States. That policy became known as triangular diplomacy.

Leonid Brezhnev
As part of the Cold War's temporary thaw during the 1970s, Soviet Premier Leonid Brezhnev agreed to import American wheat into the Soviet Union. The two countries would also agree to a joint space exploration program dubbed Apollo-Soyuz.


The United States had much to offer China. Since Mao Zedong's takeover in 1949, the United States had refused recognition to the communist government. Instead, the Americans pledged support to the Chinese Nationalist government in Taiwan. China was blocked from admission to the United Nations by the American veto, and Taiwan held China's seat on the Security Council.

In June 1971 Kissinger traveled secretly to China to make preparations for a Presidential visit. After Kissinger's return, Nixon surprised everyone by announcing that he would travel to China and meet with Mao Zedong. In February 1972, Nixon toured the Great Wall and drank toasts with Chinese leaders. Soon after, the United States dropped its opposition to Chinese entry in the United Nations and groundwork was laid for the eventual establishment of diplomatic relations.

Henry Kissinger
As President Nixon's national security adviser, Henry Kissinger made a secret trip to arrange the first-ever Presidential visit to China in 1972. He would become Nixon's secretary of state the next year.
As expected, this maneuver caused concern in the Soviet Union. Nixon hoped to establish a DÉTENTE, or an easing of tensions, with the USSR. In May 1972, Nixon made an equally significant trip to Moscow to support a nuclear arms agreement. The product of this visit was the STRATEGIC ARMS LIMITATION TREATY (SALT I). The United States and the Soviet Union pledged to limit the number of intercontinental ballistic missiles each side would build, and to prevent the development of anti-ballistic missile systems.

Nixon and his Soviet counterpart, LEONID BREZHNEV also agreed to a trade deal involving American wheat being shipped to the USSR. The two nations entered into a joint venture in space exploration known as APOLLO-SOYUZ.

Arguably, Nixon may have been the only president who could have accomplished this arrangement. Anticommunism was raging in the United States. Americans would view with great suspicion any attempts to make peace with either the Soviet Union or China. No one would challenge Nixon's anticommunist credentials, given his reputation as a staunch red-baiter in his early career. His overtures were chiefly accepted by the American public. Although the Cold War still burned hotly across the globe, the efforts of Nixon and Kissinger led to a temporary thaw.
__________________
True knowledge exists in knowing that you know nothing. "Socrates"
Reply With Quote
The Following User Says Thank You to Naveed_Bhuutto For This Useful Post:
Bookaholic (Saturday, March 12, 2016)
Reply

Thread Tools Search this Thread
Search this Thread:

Advanced Search

Posting Rules
You may not post new threads
You may not post replies
You may not post attachments
You may not edit your posts

BB code is On
Smilies are On
[IMG] code is On
HTML code is Off
Trackbacks are On
Pingbacks are On
Refbacks are On



CSS Forum on Facebook Follow CSS Forum on Twitter

Disclaimer: All messages made available as part of this discussion group (including any bulletin boards and chat rooms) and any opinions, advice, statements or other information contained in any messages posted or transmitted by any third party are the responsibility of the author of that message and not of CSSForum.com.pk (unless CSSForum.com.pk is specifically identified as the author of the message). The fact that a particular message is posted on or transmitted using this web site does not mean that CSSForum has endorsed that message in any way or verified the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any message. We encourage visitors to the forum to report any objectionable message in site feedback. This forum is not monitored 24/7.

Sponsors: ArgusVision   vBulletin, Copyright ©2000 - 2024, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd.