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  #1  
Old Wednesday, August 08, 2012
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Default Request: Please define urdu elements. SOS!

Hello all,
The pains of unemployment are lethal! I want to appear in provincial service commission as I am overage for CSS. But the issue is that the paper of Urdu General has compulsory question of urdu literature elements. I know nothing about the urdu literature and have bought few book but I was only able to find 3-4 definition. Please would you fellow-members provide me the definitions and an example of each of the following elements. You may write it in Roman letters (jaisa k ye sample likha huwa hai). Please do help me if you know any, a few or all the following terms.

http://www.ziddu.com/download/200783...ents1.JPG.html

Thank you
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Old Wednesday, August 08, 2012
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For those who can not download the above picture I am writing these elements here:

1. Kafiya
2. Radeef
3. Matla
4. Maqta
5. Takhallus
6. Mubaligha
7. Tashbeeh
8. Istiaara
9. Shair
10. Baiat
11. Mirsrah
12. Ghazal
13. Nazam
14. Sehal Mumtanah
15. Tajahil aarifana
16. Musaddis
17. Tahaala
18. Siyafat-ul-adaat
19. Laf-o-nashar
20. Abhaam
21. Tajnees
22. Maraat-ul-Nazeer
23. Hasnay Taleel
24. Talmieeh
25. Tazaad
26. Manqulah
27. Tajnees Tehreef
28. Aqlaab
29. Istiyaaq
30. Hasnay takraar
31. Tarkeeb band
32. Aayeraaq
33. Majaaz marsal

Please do provide the definition and with at least 1 example. Please help me, Allah will help you, Ameen.
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  #3  
Old Wednesday, August 08, 2012
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You can find the definitions of most of the terms in the "Urdu General Book of Carvan Publications."
A friend of mine is very good in Urdu i would ask him to reply here. Hopefully it would be helpful but you have to wait for one day
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  #4  
Old Thursday, August 09, 2012
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فی الحال میں کچھ بیان کر رہی ہوں ۔ باقی پھر کسی دن سہی

قافیہ

قافیہ غزل میں موجود ہم آواز الفاظ کو کہا جاتا ہے۔ مثال کے طور پر؛

نازکی اس کے لب کی کیا کہیے
پنکھڑی اک گلاب کی سی ہے

میر ان نیم باز آنکھوں میں
ساری مستی شراب کی سی ہے

ان دو اشعار میں گلاب اورشراب قافیہ ہے۔

ردیف

ردیف غزل میں بار بار دہراۓ جانے والے الفاظ کر کہا جاتا ہے ۔ اوپر کی مثال میں 'کی سی ہے' ردیف ہے کیونکہ یہ پوری غزل کےہر شعر کے دوسرے مصرعے میں دہرایا جاے گا۔

مطلع

مطلع غزل کے پہلے شعر کو کہا جاتا ہے جس کے دونوں مصرعے ہم قافیہ و ہم ردیف ہوتے ہیں ۔مثال کے طور پر؛

تیرے عشق کی انتہا چاہتا ہوں
میری سادگی دیکھ کیا چاہتا ہوں

مقطع

مقطع غزل کا آخری شعر ہوتا ہے جس میں شاعر اپنا تخلص استعمال کرتا ہے ۔ مثال کے طور پر؛

غالب خستہ کے بغیر کون سے کام بند ہیں
روئیے زار زار کیا ، کیجیے ہاۓ ہاۓ کیوں ؟

تخلص

شاعر کا وہ نام جو وہ اپنی غزل کے پہلے یا آخری شعر میں استعمال کرتا ہے ۔ مثال آپ اوپر دیکھ چکے۔



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Old Thursday, August 09, 2012
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  #6  
Old Thursday, August 09, 2012
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Quote:
Originally Posted by Aariz Ahmad View Post
For those who can not download the above picture I am writing these elements here:

1. Kafiya
2. Radeef
3. Matla
4. Maqta
5. Takhallus
6. Mubaligha
7. Tashbeeh
8. Istiaara
9. Shair
10. Baiat
11. Mirsrah
12. Ghazal
13. Nazam
14. Sehal Mumtanah
15. Tajahil aarifana
16. Musaddis
17. Tahaala
18. Siyafat-ul-adaat
19. Laf-o-nashar
20. Abhaam
21. Tajnees
22. Maraat-ul-Nazeer
23. Hasnay Taleel
24. Talmieeh
25. Tazaad
26. Manqulah
27. Tajnees Tehreef
28. Aqlaab
29. Istiyaaq
30. Hasnay takraar
31. Tarkeeb band
32. Aayeraaq
33. Majaaz marsal

Please do provide the definition and with at least 1 example. Please help me, Allah will help you, Ameen.

Pehli 5 Istelahat ki uper taareef ho chuki hai. Rest are as under( as far as I know)

6. Mubaligha

Ksi baat ko is qadar berha cherha kr bayan kerna k wo haqeeqat se door maaloom ho.jesay

" Ik sub aag, ik sub paani,
Deeda o dil azaab hain dono"


Aur

" Mataa e loh o qalam chin gai to kia gham
K khoon e dil me dbo li hai ungliyam me nay
Zubaan me mohr lagi to kia gham k rakh di hai
Her ik halqa e zanjeer me zubaan me nay"



7. Tashbeeh

Ksi mushtarka sift, khoobi ya khami ki wja se ksi ek shay ko doosri ki manind qarar dena jb k doosri shay me wo sift ziada darjay ki ho.

"Nazki us k lab ki kia kahye
Pankhri ik gulaab ki c hai"


8. Istiaara

Jab ksi lafz ko us k haqeeqi maani ki bjaye us k majazi maani me istemaal kia jay, jb k dono me tashbeeh ka taluq ho. Yaani mushtarka sifat ki bunyaad per ek shay ko doosri shay qarar day dena. Jesay

"Wo bhi kia din thay k hum roz mila kertay thay
Raat bher chaand k humraah phira kertay thay"

9. Shair

Hum wazan aur hum behr 2 baa maani misron ka majmooa sher kehlata hai.

10. Baiat

Esa sher jis k dono misray hum qafia ya hum qafia o hum radeef hon.

11. Mirsrah

Ksi makhsoos wazan aur behr me sher ka ek juzv (line). 2 misray mil ker ek sher bnaatay hain.

12. Ghazal

Shairi ki esi sanf jis ka ashaar hum qafiya hn, aur her sher ek mukammal ikai ho aur mukhtalif mazmoon ka hamil ho. ( Taahim esi ghazal jis k tmam ashaar ek hi mazoo ko bayaan kren "ghazl e musalsal" kehlati hai.

13. Nazam

Shairi ki esi sanf jis k tmaam ashaar ek hi mozoo per hn.

14. Sehal Mumtanah

Ksi boht bray takhayul k mafhoom ko saada aur mukhtasir tareen andaz me bayaan kerna. Jesay

"Tum meray paas hotay ho goya
Jab koi doosra nhi hota."



15. Tajahil aarifana

Jaantay boojhtay hoay b be niyazi se kaam lena.

16. Musaddis

Esi nazm jo 6,6 misro'n k kai bnd per mushtamil ho.

17. Tahaala

Don't know.

18. Siyafat-ul-adaat

Don't know.

19. Laf-o-nashar

Pehlay misray me mafhoom malfoof kr k (chupa k) doosray misray me usay nashr kr dena(khol dena)

"Ye jafay e gham ka chara, wo nijaat e dil ka aalam,
Tera husn dast e eesa, teri yaad roo e Maryam
."

" Ik sub aag, ik sub paani,
Deeda o dil azaab hain dono"


20. Abhaam

Jis me koi shak o shuba ho.

21. Tajnees

kalaam me 2 esay alfaaz ka ek saath aana jo dekhnay me ek jesay lakin maani me mukhtalif hon.

"Zouq ka diwaan zauq se dekho tou zuban sanwar jaye"

"Choron ga me na us butt e kaafir ka poojna
Choray na khalq go mujhay kaafir kahay bgher"


22. Maraat-ul-Nazeer

Esay alfaaz ka ikathay aana jo ek hi mazmoon se taaluq rakhtay hon. (jin me bahmi mumaslat aur munasbat ho)

"Waye nadani k tu mohtaaj e saaqi ho gaya
May tu, meena b tu, saaqi bi tu, mehfil b tu"


23. Hasnay Taleel ( It is Husn e Taleel)

Ksi baat ki esi khus numa illat ( taleel) aur shairana wja bayan kerna jo haqeeqat me asli waja na ho.

" Meri trah se mehr o mah b hain aawara
Ksi habeeb ki ye b hain justajoo kertay"

24. Talmieeh

Ksi ek lafz ya mukhtasir alfaaz k zareye ksi mashhoor riwayat ya tarekhi waqye ki trf ishara kerna.

"Ibn e Maryam hoa kray koi
Meray dukh ki dawa kray koi"


25. Tazaad

Mukhtalif aur mutazaad alfaaz o maani ka ek sath aana.

" Ik sub aag, ik sub paani,
Deeda o dil azaab hain dono"

26. Manqulah

Jisay ksi se naqal ( rivayat) kia gaya ho.

27. Tajnees Tehreef

Don't know.
28. Aqlaab

Don't know.
29. Istiyaaq

Don't know.

30. Hasnay takraar ( Husn e Takraar)

Ek hi lfz ya tarkeeb ka baar baar istimaal.

" Aati hai baat baat mujhay yaad baar baar
Kehta hon daurr daur k qasid se raah me"

31. Tarkeeb band

Don't know.

32. Aayeraaq

Don't know.

33. Majaaz marsal( Mursal)

Wo lafz jis k majaazi maani muraad hon. magar haqeeqi aur majaazi maani me Tashbeeh ka taluq na ho.

" Jis sar ko ghroor aaj hai yaan taaj wari ka
Kal us pe yahen shor hai phir nooha gari ka"

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