Q. No.1
LANGUAGE OF QURAN

Introduction:
The Holy Quran has been revealed in Arabic language. At the time of revelation of Quran, there were hundred of dialects of Arabic. But the Quran was revealed in Qureshi dialect. It is a well known fact that the Qureshi dialect is superior to its style, structure and morphology. Our Holy prophet (PBUH) said:
" I am the most lucid man of the Arab as I am Qureshi and has been brought up in Bani Saad."
"Seven Letters of Quran"
Quran has been revealed on seven letters but it is still a myth that what these seven exactly meant. Our Holy Prophet ( PBUH) said
" Ina hazal quran-al-qurana unzila ala sabate ahrufin"
There are many opinions as to be interpretation of this Hadith. Allama Bin Arabi (RH) has quoted 35 opinions. Some famous opinions are as under.
First Opinion
According to Hafiz Ibne Jarir Tibri (RH) and some other scholars, Quran has been revealed n the seven grammers in Arabic Language. As there were many tribes in te Arab and each tribe had its own dialect and grammers so it was very difficult for them to pronounce the Quran. So Holy Prophet (PBUH) ordered the holy Quran to be pronounced on seven grammers of the different Arab tribes. Imam Hatim (RH) has even counted the ribes e.g. Quresh, Huzail, Tim-ur-Rubab, Azd, Rabia, Hawazan, Saad bin bakr. Some other scholars have also added Banu Kanaya, Banu Qais, Banu Zabba.
Criticism on First opinion
Allama Tuhari (R.A.) favoursthis second opinion. According to him,Holy Prophet (PBUH) divided the Arabic Peninsula in seven different regions. The act of Holy Prophet (PBUH) was aimed at facilitating the people. Holy Prophet (PBUH) specified Mradifat for each tribe. "Tirmizi Sharif " has quoted incident about the Holy Prophet (PBUH) that Holy Prophet (PBUH) as the Jibrail that i have been sent to an illiterate Ummah, which also has Sck old man, old women and kids, who have difficulty in pronouncing the Quran due to their specific dialect. Then Jibrail (A.S.) requested him (PBUH) to orderthe people to pronounce the Quran on seven letter.
However, this practice was bannedin the last period of Hazrat Muammad ( PBUH) And in the last era. The Holy Quran was repeated only in Qureshi accent and grammer.
Meaning of Writing on Qureshi Grammer
Till the hazrat Usman (RA)' s era, Quran was written in several letters but due to the conflicts and quarrels among the peoples of the different regions over the Qiraat. Hazrat Usman (R.A) set up a committee, headed by Hazrat Zai-bin-Thabit (R.A). Hazrat Usman (R.A) advised that committee in the following words,
" If the difference of opinion may arose between you and Zaid, you should write according to Hazrat Zaid's opinion because he is a Qureshi and Quran has been revealed in Qureshi language.
After the completion of committee's work, all other copies of Quran ( written in other dialect) were burnt. According to a scholar, the only difference of opinion arose between Hazrat Zaid (R.A) and others was regarding tabut, which was written as Al tabut because it was accrding to the Qureshi dialect.
Q. No. 2
Literary Impacts of the Holy Quran on the Subsequent Literature:
Introduction
The Holy Quran imprinted deep marks over the subsequent literature. The spirit of the Holy Quran diffused in the Muslims and depicted itself in every walk of life. We can discuss the impacts of Holy Quran under following heads:
1. Impacts on language
2. Impacts on modern literary disciplines
3. Impacts on prose
4. Impacts on calligraphy
1. Impacts on Language
The Quranic narrative style gifted a peculiar delicacy to the Arabic language. Moreover Arabic became the National Language of a state which was stretched over hudred of lacs of miles.
2.Impacts on Modern Literary Disciplines:
Due to the rapid spread of Islam, Arabic became well known in far-off lands. But the people of far-off areas used to make errors while speaking or reading Arabic. To facilitate those people new branches of linguistics came into be being e.g. Ilm-i-Sarf-o-Nahv, Ilm-i-Lughat, Asul-i-Fiqh, Istenbat. Khalil bin Ahmed was the first one to write a book on Ilm-i-Lughat named as Kitab-ul-ain.
3. Impacts on Prose:
The Holy Quran influenced the prose of that era in the following ways:
a. Modern Narrartive style:
The prose style after the revelation of Quran was more advanced and better in structure. Further, the sentences were more connected and coherent. Maktubaat-i-Nabvi.
b. Insha Pardazi Invented:
When the Islamic state expended, it was a compulsion to maintain the accounts of expenditure and income of such big state, For this purpose Offices were established and it necessitated the Insha Paradazi.
c. Peculiar Narrative Style:
A specific style of writing was developed after the revelation of the Holy Quran.
d. Oratory:
Oratory became a common fashion in the public gatherings particularly during the wars to provoke the emotions of soldiers.
e. Tradition of writing down history in Arab:
Before the revelation of Quran, there was no tradition of writing down history in Arab. It was only after the Islam that this tradition was established. Probably, was the first person to start writing history. In the true spirit of the subject. Initially, the subject was used to quote the context of each Ayat and surah of the Holy Quran.
4. Impacts on Calligraphy:
The Quranic revelation also gave Imppetus to the calligraphical styles. New styles were invented e.g.
• Khat-i-Marsah
• Khat-i-Naskh
• Khat-i-Riyasi
Moreover, every region (African, Persian, Turkish, etc) developed its own calligraphical style.
Q. No.3
Introduction:
We can divide the subject and topic of Quran with two references that is:
1. With reference to revelation
2. With reference to subject
With Reference to Revelation:
In this category, we can divide Quran as follows:
1. Makki Surahs
2. Madni Surahs
1. Makki Surah:
In Makki surah, mostly, Basic believes of the Islamhave been discussed e.g. Tauheed, Risalat, Akhirat, Hell , Paradise. Makki Surah aim at inculcating the sense of accountability among the Muslims. Moreover some incidents from the past have also been explained.
2. Madni Surah:
Madni Surah discussed three different but co-related themes.
(i).Ghazwat/ Jihad:
Rules of war, Prisoners rights and Mal-e-ghanemat have been discussed.
(ii) Ibaadat:
Detailed laws about Namaz, Fast, Hajj, Zakat have been narrated.
(iii) Social Laws:
In this portoin Madni Surahs have discussed almost every sphere of social laws. It has given judicial, economic, administrative, criminal, matrimonial, educational laws.
With Reference to Subject:
In this category we can divide Quranic teachings in following classes:
1. Believes
2. Ahkaams (commandments)
3. Incidents
4. Examples
Believes:
The Holy Quran talks about the basic believe of Islam such as Islamic injunctions about idol worshippers, Christian, Jews.
Ahkaams/Commandments:
The Holy Quran gives Ahkaams about the rights of God as well as rights of people.
For instance, Quran explains the commandments about Namaz, Fasting Hajj and Zakat.
Similarly Quran gives Ahkaams about trade, economy, inheritence, will, morality, banking, education, etc. Quran also declare its Ahkaams in clear words about Nikkah, Talaq and Jihad, etc.
Incidents:
The Quran talks about two types of incidents i.e. of past and of future. For example incidents about the lives of Hazrat Adam (A.S), Hazrat Noah(A.S), Hazrat Younas (A.S), Hazrat Musa(A.S), Hazrat Ismail (A.S), Hazrat Shoaib(A.S),Hakeem Luqman, Malika Saba, Zulqurnain and Qaroon belong to the past. Where as future incidents are relating doom's day, hell, paradise, etc.
Examples:
The Holy Quran gives examples to facilitate the learning process. The Quran compares human beings and human acts with that of nature.
Question no. 4

Subject and topic of Quran

Introduction:

We can divide the subject and topic of Quran with two references that is
1. With refernce to revelation
2. With reference to subject

With reference to revelation
In this category, we can divide Quran as follows:
1. Makki Surahs
2. Madni Surahs

1. Makki Surah:
In Makki Surah, mostly basic believers of the Islam have been discussed e.g. Tauheed, Risalat, Akhirat, Hell, Paradise. Makki Surah aim at inculcating the sense of accountability among the Muslims. Moreover some incidents from the past have also been explained.
Madni Surah:
Madni Surah discussed three different but co-related themes.

i. Ghazwat/Jihad:
Rules of war, prisoners rights and mal-e-ghanimat have been discussed.
ii. Ibadaat:
Detailed laws about Namaz, Fast, Hajj, Zakat have been narrated.
iii. Social Laws:
In this portion Madni Surahs have discussed almost every sphere of social laws. It has given judicial, economic, administrative, criminal, matrimonial, educational laws.

With reference to Subject:
In this category we can divide Quranic teachings in following classes.
1. Believes
2. Ahkams
3. Incidents
4. Examples

Believes:
The Holy Quran talks about the basic believe of Islam such as Islamic injunctions about idol worshippers, christian, Jews.
Ahkams:
the Holy Quran gives Ahkams about the rights of God as well as rights of people.
For instance, Quran explains the commandments about Namaz, Fasting, Hajj and Zakat.
Similarly Quran gives Ahkaams about trade, economy, inheritance, will, morality, banking, education etc. Quran also declares its ahkaams in clear words about Nikkah, Talaq and Jihad etc.
Incidents:
The Quran talks about two types of incidents i.e. of past and of future. For example incidents about the lives of Hazrat Adam (A.S.), Hazrat Noah(A.S.), Hazrat Younas (A.S.), Hazrat Musa (A.S.), Hazrat Ismail(A.S.), Hazrat Shoaib (A.S.). Haqeem Luqman, MalikaSaba, Zulqurnain and Qaroon belong to the past. Whereas future incidents are relating to doom's day, hell, paradise, etc.
Examples:
The Holy Quran gives examples to facilitate the learning process. The Quran compares human beings and human acts with that of nature.
Question No.5


Narrative Style of Quran


Introduction:
The Quranic style is said to be the best narrative style in the world. It has no match as the style is very lucid, fluent, meaningful and comprehendable.

Literary challenge of Quran:
The Quran proudly challenges the whole world. So far, no one (neither modern linguistics nor proud Arabs) could accept the challenge of Quran.

Distinctive qualities of Quranic narrative style:
1. Parallel harmonious effect:
The Quran don't follow any literary laws yet it gives a very harmonious effect, which enchant its reader or listeners. Its impact is unbelievable and to some ones unnarrateable.
2. Is it a verse or prose?
Linguists still face confusion as to classifying the Holy Quran as a prose or as a verse. It is difficult to say exactly that what Quran is? Probably it is both.
3. Blend of all narrative styles:
There are three traditional narrative styles i.e. oratory, literary and academic. But Quran employs all these three styles so skillfully that while following one style, Quran does not infringe the other.
4. Repetition of subject:
Normally, repitition of any thing has a boring effect on human being but Quran has unique feature that it repeats its Ahkaam time and again (i.e. about Salat, Zakat, Fast, etc.) Yet we do not feel bore.
5. Delicate and honored tone:
The Quran is very delicate as to its content but at the same time it maintains its authoritative tone, which has a convincing effects on the listener or readers.
6. Beautiful and pleasant style:
The Quran is not a book of jokes. It discusses very serious, thought provoking topics. But Quranic style is so pleasant that one does not feel bore. For example, an inheritance law is a very serious subject but it is a miracle of Quranthat in Surah Nisa, it has been narrated the whole inheritance laws in a very pleasant and consuming manner, that one does not feel bore.
7. Employing all specialties perfectly:
Some persons in the history had command over the ghazal where as some others had command over some other genres of literature e.g. Qasida, Rubahi, Nazam, Naat etc. But Quran follows all these qualities perfectly at the same time.
8. Compactness:
The Quran has small and compact sentences but there meanings are very deep and penetrating.
9. Understandable for educated as well as illiterate persons:
The Holy Quran is unique in a sense that it has something to offer to both---educated as well as illiterate persons. An illiterate person can seek knowledge from Quran like a scholar can. Though there will be difference in level of comprehension but Quran has something to offer for both.
10. The best words and arrangement of sentences:
The Quranic arrangement of words in the sentences is the best one.
11. Inter-connectivity of Ayats:
Apparently there is no content list of Quran but Ayats are so well knitted that a person feel connectivity among the Ayats. This is why, Quran becomes a well organized book in the eyes of even a new reader.
12. Style of Makki Surahs:
Makki Surahs have small sentences which are motivating and encouraging. Makki Surahs, normally avoids long and perplexing sentences.
13. Style of Madni Surahs:
Madni Surahs have long sentences capable of explaining the technical concepts for example economic, inheritance and matrimonial laws.

Question No.6


Pre-Islamic Poetry:


Introduction:
The era of 250 to 400 years ago of Holy Prophet (PBUH) is known as the Dor-i-Jahiliya. Before that no record is available.

Depiction of social life:
Pre-Islamic poetry depicts the habits , culture. living style, customs and tradition of that era. In other words, Pre-Islamic poetry is a window through which we can see in the old era.

Two Parts:
We can divide that poetry in two categories:
1.One that was pen down e.g. Saba-mualiqat.
2. Second that was transmitted generations after generations and finally was written in 7th and 8th centuries.

Evolution of Pre-Islamic Poetry:
Though exact origin is unknown, yet pre-Islamic poetry took the following stages during its evolution.

1. Free Prose:
Initially, it did not follow any pattern: it was just expression of words, so was called free prose.

2. Masih Prose:
With the passage of time, sermons and wise sayings were made. It was raw poetry, mostly used to impress people.

3. Rijz:
Rijz was the blood of Arabs as they were warriors, and were racially proud persons. Rijz was read to invoke emotions.

4. Qaseeda:
Arab people were very fond of self-praise, so Qasida was the natural outcome of their, this instinct.

5. Hadi Khawam:
This form was also the natural outcome of desertuous and lonely life of Arabs.

6. Use of Bher aand Qafia:
In the final stage of development Arabs started using Behr and Qafia, which gave Arabic poetry a peculiar and final touch.

Types of Arabic Poetry:

1.Ghani or Wajdani Poetry:
This was regarding love emotions, feeling of heart, and lonely life of Arabs.

2. Narrative poetry:
This kind of poetry was aimed at narrating incidents of war and peace, which were of tribal pride.

3. Dramatic Poetry:
This was a kind of imaginary poetry which over-emphasized on narrating conceptual and idealistic stories of heroic achievements of their age.

Some criticism on classification of Arabic Poetry:

Zaidan in his books says that narrative poetry was even before the Ghani poetry. But this notion seems baseless, because raw Arabs were not able to think sophisticated ideas. Their thought were restricted to women, animals and deserts. So, majority of scholars believe that Ghani poetry was the first product of Arabic poetic mind.

dear please tell me if these notes are complete or a part of that notes??
reply soon please

How could be these the complete notes? These are merely a few questions from those notes. In those notes you will find the important Poetry, MCQ's, short question answers, Important essays in arabic. Adab e mehjar and its main poets, contemporary arabic poets, adab e arbi in Indian subcontinent, and many other things...

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Janoon say or Ishq say milti hay AAZADI

plz post all the notes of Hafiz sahab

i will my best k mien scan kerwa doon un k notes .. otherwise app ko punjab uni lahore se ntes mil jien ge .. aur app ko ager wahan ka number chahye to wo le lijye wo app k gher pe notes deliver ker dien ge ....

sir please send me their number.

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ghairat ha bari cheez jahan-e-tago dau main
pehnati ha darvaish ko taj-e-sar e dara

Here is the number of the photoshop from where you could get Hafiz sahib's notes,

Rana Ashraf
03454734258

Regards

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Janoon say or Ishq say milti hay AAZADI

Sir please help me get these complete notes. CAn u kindly send them to me i am defending yo borders sitting in panu aqil cant. plz
I have also emailed you,plz.

dear. ca anyone testify that sir hafiz arshad would complete the course in six weeks or he may take more time.

6 weeks are more than enough to prepare arabic and you can cover them easily in that span of time

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