#131
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Need comments
Dear all
Please give your respective understanding on the concepts of development, maturation and growth. Also developmental stages with respect to nature-nurture theory as it has repeatedly come in past papers. Thanks in anticipation |
#132
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Try analyzing past papers, then, once you open the book you will know which topics to cover.
__________________
اللَّهُمَّ إِنِّي أَسْأَلُکَ عِلْمًا نَافِعًا وَرِزْقًا طَيِّبًا وَعَمَلًا مُتَقَبَّلًا |
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Reeba Khan (Saturday, November 23, 2013) |
#133
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phenom it is simply behavioural school of thought. as they say subject matter of psychology is behaviour. i try my best to help you people but you people don't comment on my efforts......... |
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phenom (Saturday, November 23, 2013) |
#134
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sadafnoorelahi
I don't know what to say.. I am learning from you |
#135
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when some one identifies which factor is distorting the emotions and action ,then it is easy to purge it MUST #1 (DEMAND ON YOURSELF ) , " I AM INTELLIGENT , I HAVE TO PROVE , OTHERWISE WORTH LESS " FAIL IN ACCOMPLISHMENT CAUSES ANXIETY , DEPRESSION AND LACK OF ASSERTIVENESS MUST # 2 (DEMANDS ON OTHERS) " HE NEED TO TREAT ME GENEROUSLY , KIND AND LOVING ." FAIL TO ACHIEVE CAUSE HOSTILITY , VIOLENCE AND RESENTMENT MUST #3 (DEMAND ON SITUATION) " LIFE IS ALL FREE OF HASSEL , BED OF ROSES , AND CHARM " FAIL TO ACHIEVE RESULT HOPELESSNESS ,PROCRASTINATION AND ADDICTION BUT THE ALTERNATE PREFER WILL BE AS PREFER #1 : I WILL ACHIEVE MY GOAL , BUT IN FAILURE ACCEPT GRACEFULLY OR TRY AGAIN PREFER # 2 OTHER WILL TAKE CARE ME , BUT I M NOT ALL UNIVERSE , I M PART OF UNIVERSE AND NO CONTROL ON OTHERS PREFER # 3 I ACCEPT HARSH REALITIES OF LIFE , AND FACE SITUATION AS A FIGHTER .. THIS WILL REDUCE THE ASSOCIATED PROBLEMS IN THE CONTEXT OF THIS ILLNESS AND CONTEMPORARY WORLD |
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anum balouch (Sunday, November 24, 2013), wahab_ahqar (Tuesday, December 03, 2013) |
#136
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comments, criticism and suggestions are strongly encouraged.
q.3 Discuss different viewpoints regarding abnormality. Abnormality is defined as psychopathalogical and abnormal behaviour Introduction Abnormality is defined as deviation from the standard norms. abnormal psychology is the branch of psychology which deals with the abnormal behaviour. basically abnormality is a characteristic assigned to those with rare and dysfunctional conditions. It is characterized by a) Disability: it refers to general inability to perform some important functions of life. Not all disorders lead to disability but in certain cases, it impairs the ability of people to perform normal functions. b) Distress: a behaviour is defined as a abnormal if it causes distress to the individual. For e.g individuals in depression and anxiety disorder experience extreme distress. However, this is not a defining factor. There are many disorder which do not lead to distress. For e.g if someone suffers from anti-social behaviour disorder, he does not experiences mental agony and distress. c) Dysfunctional: a well known psychologist defined abnormality as a “harmful dysfunction”. this function has both subjective and objective connotation. Subjective is being harmful which is a relative terminology, whereas in objective sense it refers to the inability of an individual to perform acts he is normally used to performing. d) Violation of norms : another way abnormality may be defined is, as a violation of norms. For e.g individuals suffering from obsessive compulsive disorder perform any task repeatedly. Similarly, schizophrenics talk to imaginary people, this too is a violation of norms. Viewpoints related to abnormality i) Biological: abnormality may e caused by biological causes, namely • Genetic • Neurotransmitter imbalance • Injury/trauma ii) Cognitive: sometimes abnormality is a result of improper cognitions i.e thinking , reasoning etc. such a situation is averted by the cognitive psychologists be helping the patient to think in a rational manner. In number of cases, it is paired up with behavioural therapy. iii) Behavioural: according to behaviourists, abnormality is a result of faulty learning. According to the behaviourist therapist certain methods such as aversive techniques and conditioning may be used to improve behaviour. |
#137
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rebt practice is based upon rebt theory , wher it has abc form, it refers to health promotion ,human optimization , prevention of clinicalproblems, treatment of mental disorders . The practice of the rebt immersed in psychotheraphy and clinical assessment which include ( clinical assessment , clinical conceptualization , theraputic relationship the rebt is classified into three distinct clases of techniques , to address the problemat a , different tproblem solving techniques , decision making , social skill development , special problem solving method , while to deasl the problemat c , the spmtomatic techniques , hyponosis , muscle relaxation , ediation (mindfulness) which others coping techniques to address teh problem , in clinical problemtechniques c is targeted without concious affecting , 3) to etio ,pathogentically change , change dysfunctonal conequences into functional consequences , changing the peroblem from specific to general through (disputation , reframing) ,this cognitive restructing is logical , empiriacl , spiritual , metaphorical and behavioral , (fundamentalto not only change conscious but also unconscious beliefs ) i have figure but could not paste , due to un copy of the picture , so i will try to paste if possible , kindly evaluate these points in rebt , thanks Last edited by greenboy; Sunday, November 24, 2013 at 09:59 AM. Reason: TRY TO ADJUST POINTS IN REBT TOPIC, THANKS |
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sadafnoorelahi (Sunday, November 24, 2013) |
#138
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@ green boy. kindly evaluate my abnormality question as well. additional viewpoints will be much appreciated
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#139
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social norms ( distinguishing between right andwrong ) violation of social norms is the un written rule that are not acceptable to the social group . In this practice behavioral is incomprehensive and threaten to the social groip for example in the eatern europe people stands close to the stranger , pitch , voice , and talks while in uk , this is abnormal . According to definiation , the degree to which norm is violated and thea ssociation of the particular norms to the societuy. Limitation ,this cocept is relative and change with the time ,as it i prctice currentlya cceptable to the peopel but later it may not be acceptable due to its change example in two century ago in europen society peole beat the chikd due to noise , violate of code , but now it is child abuse , so take into consider this concept statistical frequency in this teh trait , think ,behavior that is rare and unsual statistical . One thing that is regarded a intelligence . The personal that is mental retarded above and below teh optimized and average level of intelligence , in contratry , thsi is not true the person with the aveage iiq is regarded as intelligence in teh society , surely , thsi has limitatin and eth concept of desirability and undersablityis understand example te left handed children is regarded as te abnormal , it is oposite to teh siciety and also rare ,but in truely , no body clasify it abnormal , so the comcept of abnormality is deviant and exception exsist. Failure to function adequately under thsi concept the persoanl is frequently unable to cope with the day to dya demand , thsi lead to eth failure of every day routines , sagleman classify following failure to function frequently maaadptiveness (self danger) un predictable , vividness discofort to observer violation of social norm and standard thsi stil ahs limitation , teh behavioal is help ful as it is describe that the iobseesive compulsive individual with eth continue hand washing gives comfort secondly , the individual with teh malaadtiveness ahs eth good practice smolking alcohloic activity deviation from the set mental health in society theset characteristices are part of the personality and psychology , but in few cases violation may occur these are recogzing about self grwoth and development about environment reality of peception independence and autonomy but if the mastery of evnvironment is unable to acomplish , still individual set inthe environment nad adjust . So it has also limitaion |
#140
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@ sadaf , as you observe fpsc has gone against the mill , the result and the paper of css-2013 is eye opening , therefore , i request from you , kindly , tell the topics specially with reference to psychology paper (incumbent ) .according to my view , paper and marking criteria wil tough , without mercy . Kindly , post teh questin te most predictable in exam.thanks.
Last edited by greenboy; Sunday, November 24, 2013 at 09:27 PM. Reason: SORRY SUGGEST TEH IMPORTANT QUESTIONS ,THANKS, |
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