Friday, March 29, 2024
07:21 AM (GMT +5)

Go Back   CSS Forums > CSS Optional subjects > Group VII > Pushto

Reply Share Thread: Submit Thread to Facebook Facebook     Submit Thread to Twitter Twitter     Submit Thread to Google+ Google+    
 
LinkBack Thread Tools Search this Thread
  #1  
Old Tuesday, October 06, 2009
Mr.Nationalist's Avatar
Senior Member
 
Join Date: May 2009
Location: Mard+aan (Pukhtoonkhwa)
Posts: 176
Thanks: 91
Thanked 143 Times in 87 Posts
Mr.Nationalist will become famous soon enough
Default Let's learn Pashto(Razay che pukhto zda kro)

pashtu learning is a fun

lets learn the national and one of the official language of afghanistan and the language of millions of pashtuns in pakistan

why not to learn the language which has 100 marks in CSS and 150 marks in pashtunkhwah PCS

WHY NOT TO LEARN THE LANGUAGE WHERE MASTER AND Ph.D DEGREES CAN BE OBTAINED
lets learn the language of taliban in pakistan and afghansitan

LESSON NO. 1

FOR PASHTO ALPHABET PLEASE SEE
http://www.pashto.ca/index.html
OR
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mVuO2...eature=related
OR
//www.afghanistans.com/Alphabet.htm
GRAMMAR ; pronoun

I .......................ZA. WE.....................MONG/J.YOU.SINGULAR....TA

YOU PLURAL........TASO.HE/SHE...............HAGHA.THEY..................HAGH OI

VOCABULARY.ZA HALAK/ZANKAY YAM....... I AM A BOY.

HALAK/ZANKAY..................BOY.

YAM............................. AM

communication.

how are you?............... sanga ye? / saranga ye ?

I m fine ......................... za kha/sha yam

GENERAL

there are two main dialects in pashto language.

hard dialect.......... spoken in areas like peshawar, mardan, swat, malakand, dir, kohat, paracinar, jalalabad, bajawar, mohmand, khyber,etc mainly in northern part of pashto speaking areas.here the pure pashto words are prounced as kh and g not sh and j if the word comprises the sound. as the word for fine is prounced here as kha not sha. the word for beard is prounced as gira not jira. from the pure pushtu words i mean not words borrowed from other languages .for example. the word khalis is prounced in both the dialects the same as it is not a pure pashto word. and such words are written with arabic khe not pashto khin

soft dialect......... spoken in SOUTHERN areas like banu, karak, waziristan, baluchistan, qandahar, paktya etc. here the above sounds are prounced as sh and g . fine is sha here and beard is jira here.

I will try for your orientation of both the dialects or accents.THERE IS NOTHING TO DO SPECIAL .often the symbol/ denotes the difference of dialects. however it is not necessary to learn both the dialects as both are easily mutually intelligible. accents of qandahar and peshawar or mardan are the strandard accents throug out the world.

remember that both the dialects are written in the same script . thats why you see special pashto letters for khe and ge

--------------------------------------------------------------------------


lesson no 2.

pronouns

my..................................zama. our...................zamong/j

your.sing.........................sta. your.plu..............staso

his..... da hagha... her......da haghay. their......... da haghoi

vcocabulary

my house/home......... zama kor

your book...................sta kitab

his cow.......................da hagha ghwa

her university.............. da haghaay univesity/ pohantoon

communication

welcome....................... pakhair raghlay/starhi mashay

thanks..........................merabani/manana

general

pashto is the natioional language of afghanistan and one of the two official languages(the other one is Dari). thus we see particular words used there which has no so much currency in pakistan as here urdu or english words are dominant. as we saw above the actual pure word for university is pohantoon. similarly for hospital the word is roghtoon but to many pashtuns in pakistan these words are not known because in pakistan the official language is english or urdu and the langauges of sign boards

lesson no 3

pronouns

for the english pronouns mine pashto pronoun is the same zama, for them da haghoi , for him da hagha and so on

vocabulary

it is for him........ da da hagha da para day/da

it......................da,him................. da hagha

for................. da para, is...............day(masc.)da(fem)

comunication

imperatives

come......................................raza

go.........................................za

general

in pashto you will come across many synonyms and homonyms. context make the meaning clear. as we saw two meaninigs of the word za one I, second go. there is a little diffrence of stress as the one for go is more stressed
----------------------------


Will keeping posting the lessons whenever i have free time

Regards

Awal khpala jaba pasta nooray jabay
Bey bunyada imaarat kho samoon na ka
__________________
We can live without religion and meditation, but we cannot survive without human affection.....
Reply With Quote
The Following 3 Users Say Thank You to Mr.Nationalist For This Useful Post:
Asif Yousufzai (Tuesday, October 06, 2009), leopard (Tuesday, October 06, 2009), Mehria (Tuesday, October 19, 2010)
  #2  
Old Tuesday, October 06, 2009
Asif Yousufzai's Avatar
Senior Member
Medal of Appreciation: Awarded to appreciate member's contribution on forum. (Academic and professional achievements do not make you eligible for this medal) - Issue reason:
 
Join Date: Nov 2007
Location: DreAm LanD
Posts: 583
Thanks: 173
Thanked 1,078 Times in 408 Posts
Asif Yousufzai is just really niceAsif Yousufzai is just really niceAsif Yousufzai is just really niceAsif Yousufzai is just really niceAsif Yousufzai is just really nice
Default

good effort brother....... i want to c more threads in the same way....

really love to c that keep it up.............

regards.......
Reply With Quote
  #3  
Old Tuesday, October 06, 2009
38th CTP (DMG)
CSP Medal: Awarded to those Members of the forum who are serving CSP Officers - Issue reason: CE 2009 - Merit  40
 
Join Date: Feb 2008
Location: Lahore
Posts: 73
Thanks: 85
Thanked 57 Times in 34 Posts
naeemsandhu is on a distinguished road
Default

I have spent some time in Swabi, as i have studied in GIK Institute for my bachelors in Engineering for 4 years. So i have learnt few words and sentences of Pukhto during my stay there and minor interaction i had with the employees and local people.


Akhpal: apna or mine
khabar: pata, knowledge
laka : larka, boy
jiney : larki, girl
sou pakar di? : how many you want?
rasha : come here
raza che zu : lets go
kehna: please sit

Correct me if I am wrong because I am taking my own test...
__________________
Successful beginning leads to successful results, seems very ordinary and simple yet very true and hard to implement! Thats the way things are in life, we try to explore difficult situations but fail to comprehend easy and available experiences!
Reply With Quote
  #4  
Old Tuesday, October 06, 2009
Mr.Nationalist's Avatar
Senior Member
 
Join Date: May 2009
Location: Mard+aan (Pukhtoonkhwa)
Posts: 176
Thanks: 91
Thanked 143 Times in 87 Posts
Mr.Nationalist will become famous soon enough
Default

Quote:
Akhpal: apna or mine
khabar: pata, knowledge
laka : larka, boy
jiney : larki, girl
sou pakar di? : how many you want?
rasha : come here
raza che zu : lets go
kehna: please sit

Correct me if I am wrong because I am taking my own test...


Laka: laka, boy

Dear it is not Laka it will be Halak. halak is used for boy in pashto, some pashtun tribes called it zankey
__________________
We can live without religion and meditation, but we cannot survive without human affection.....

Last edited by Princess Royal; Wednesday, October 07, 2009 at 02:12 PM.
Reply With Quote
The Following User Says Thank You to Mr.Nationalist For This Useful Post:
naeemsandhu (Tuesday, October 06, 2009)
  #5  
Old Wednesday, October 07, 2009
Mr.Nationalist's Avatar
Senior Member
 
Join Date: May 2009
Location: Mard+aan (Pukhtoonkhwa)
Posts: 176
Thanks: 91
Thanked 143 Times in 87 Posts
Mr.Nationalist will become famous soon enough
Default

LESSON NO 4

grammar

nouns

noun is a name . in pashto for name the words num/nama are used.number of the noun is either plural or singular. for making plural the suffixes AN ,ONA/una ,EE/i, are most frequently used

vocabulary

person............. kas/tan, persons............ kasan/tanan

table.................mez, tables...............mezona

man..................sarhay men................sarhee

communication

meet these men.............. de sarho sara milaw sha/uwina/ogora(milaw sha is an urdu influence on pashto specially in pakistan)

general

in the above sentence we see the plural sarho not sarhee. yes in a sentence and in oobjective case this plural is used. but

these are men

da sarhee dee.
-----------------------


lesson no. 5

grammar

nouns

gender

masculine ......... nar, feminine...............khaza/shaza

in pushtu often the feminine ends with the suffix a or ai or ee

there are also totally separete words for feminine and masculine

there are masculine/ feminine difference in human beings, animals and things.

there is also neuter(no feminine/masculine) and common (both masculine/feminine)gender which is mostly found in words taken from other languages

different auxiliary verbs are used for masculine and feminine. remember that in grammar (language rules) there are always exceptions. i write mostly generalizations. if u come across some anomalies or exceptional cases please discuss it with me

vocabulary

this is a man.......................daa sarhay dey,this is a woman... daa khaza/shaza da

this is a girl........................ daa jinai da , this is a boy......... daa halak dey

meal/bread............ dodai/marhai/tikalay

meal is good...................dodai kha /sha da

dog ............spey, bitch .............spaiy

communication

eat/take meal.................. dodai ukhra/wakhla

bring one chair for me..............mala yawa kursai/chawkai rawrha

general

we see in the above examples that feminine words end with a, ai ,ee. for feminine is is da for masculine day . one chair is yawa kursai but one book is yaw kitab because kursai is feminine and kitab is masculine.
------------------
__________________
We can live without religion and meditation, but we cannot survive without human affection.....
Reply With Quote
  #6  
Old Monday, October 12, 2009
Mr.Nationalist's Avatar
Senior Member
 
Join Date: May 2009
Location: Mard+aan (Pukhtoonkhwa)
Posts: 176
Thanks: 91
Thanked 143 Times in 87 Posts
Mr.Nationalist will become famous soon enough
Default

lesson no 6

nouns gender

grammar.

in pushtu the common gender is also some times modified as doctor<doctora, teacher <teachara.

all the inanimate things are either feminine or masculine . other parts of the speach/sentence especially helping verbs often agree with gender as sarhay day, but khaza /shaza da . maiz day but kursai da , kitab day but kapee<notebook< da. khaza raghla<came< but sarhay raghey. kursai kha/sha da <chair is good< but maiz kha dey.

vocabulary.

numbers<hindsay< Shmara>

1 > yaw

2 > dwa

3 > drey

4 > saloor

5 > pinzah

6 > shpag

7 > uowah

8 > atah

9 > naha

10 > lass


communication

these are two men<da dwa sarhee dee<these are three women<da dray khazay dee

general

we see above that for sarhee we use dee<plural..are<for is we have da and dey

please also note that most of pushtuns unfortunately use urdu numbers in pakistan but not in afghanistan
__________________
We can live without religion and meditation, but we cannot survive without human affection.....
Reply With Quote
  #7  
Old Thursday, December 31, 2009
Habib orakzai's Avatar
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Jul 2008
Location: Islamabad/Peshawar
Posts: 159
Thanks: 57
Thanked 93 Times in 61 Posts
Habib orakzai will become famous soon enough
Post Pashto writings

how to write pashto is a difficult task. please throw your attention on writings of pashto also. Its alphabets and making of word from these alphabets.
Reply With Quote
  #8  
Old Friday, January 01, 2010
Mr.Nationalist's Avatar
Senior Member
 
Join Date: May 2009
Location: Mard+aan (Pukhtoonkhwa)
Posts: 176
Thanks: 91
Thanked 143 Times in 87 Posts
Mr.Nationalist will become famous soon enough
Default

Writing Pashto is not a difficult task if one knows about its alphabets. There are a few alphabets which differ that from Urdu. for example in Urdu we use
گ and in pashto it is ګ . Unlike Urdu Pashto have some other alphabets of its own which are obvious in the following chart:
The pashto Alphabetes are totaly 44 alphabetes and its fonts are of arabic style and could be read and written from the right side to to left as arabic.د پښتو ابېڅې (الفبا) پدې ډول دي .
The Pashto Alphabetes are as this :
ا ، ب ، پ ، ت ، ټ ، ث ، ج ، چ ، ځ ، څ ، ح ، خ ، د ، ډ ، ذ ، ر ، ز ، ژ ، ږ ، ړ ، س ، ش ، ښ ، ص ، ض ، ط ، ظ ، ع ، غ ، ف ، ق ، ک ، ګ ، ل ، م ، ن ، ڼ ، ه ، و ، ی ، ئ ، ې ، ي ، ۍ .Alef ; Bay ; Pay ; Thay; TTay (hard sound) ; Ce (SAY) ; Jeem ; Che (Chay) ; Dze (ZZay); Tse (tssy); Hhay ; Khay (xche); Daal; Ddaal (hard sound) ; Zaal ; Ray; Zay ; Zhay (a sound which is found in french and you combine your teeth and your toungue’s middle part meet the upper jaw ); Gay ; Rray (hard sound , found in Indian language its sound comes from when you take your toungue’s peak turn it towards back side of you upper jaw) ; Cin (Seen) ; Sheen ; Xeen( Kheen; a sound which comes when you press or bite the right and left sides of your toungue ); Swath (Swat) ; Dwath (Dwat); Thoi (Toi) ; Zoi ; Aiyn (Ayn) ( an arabic sound comming out from a throut) ; Ghain(Ghayn) (an arabic sound comes from open mouth without touch you tongue (sound of crow) ); Fay; Qqaaf (an arabic soun pushing your back part of toungue backwards and making sound) ; Kaaf; Gaaf(Gaph); Laam; Meem; Noon ; Noorn(its original pashto sound , you can make it by first joining your toungue’s peake with upper jaw and at last turning your toungue ’s peak backward) ; Hay; Wow; Yea ; Aie ; Ay; E ; Ei (french sound e with an apostrof on head).

Joining the alphabetes to make a word.
Alef +Cin(seen)+Laam+Alef+Meem ( its important to think about the sounds not about the names written structure) for example (A)+(H)+(M)+(E)+(D)
Now from that form of the combination we get a word (AHMED) .
SO its important to thik about the sounds more here to not become confuse.
Now start with Pashto alphabetes and join them making the words.

Cin(seen)+Laam+Alef+Meem
( س+ ل + ا+ م )
SALAM ( Hello/Hei ) = سلام
Zay +(MEEM) + (WOW ) + (NOON) + (GAAF) = (ZAMONG) = (زمونږ) (OUR'S)

Now you can continue making words from the following alphabetes:

ا ، ب ، پ ، ت ، ټ ، ث ، ج ، چ ، ځ ، څ ، ح ، خ ، د ، ډ ، ذ ، ر ، ز ، ژ ، ږ ، ړ ، س ، ش ، ښ ، ص ، ض ، ط ، ظ ، ع ، غ ، ف ، ق ، ک ، ګ ، ل ، م ، ن ، ڼ ، ه ، و ، ی ، ئ ، ې ، ي ، ۍ .
__________________
We can live without religion and meditation, but we cannot survive without human affection.....
Reply With Quote
The Following User Says Thank You to Mr.Nationalist For This Useful Post:
Habib orakzai (Thursday, September 23, 2010)
  #9  
Old Tuesday, January 05, 2010
versatile_bhutto's Avatar
38th CTP (OMG)
CSP Medal: Awarded to those Members of the forum who are serving CSP Officers - Issue reason: CE 2009 - Merit 495
 
Join Date: Aug 2006
Location: NAWABSHAH&HYDERABAD
Posts: 122
Thanks: 39
Thanked 85 Times in 50 Posts
versatile_bhutto is on a distinguished road
Default

dear keep on i want to learn pashto, i already know many languages.
Reply With Quote
  #10  
Old Tuesday, August 17, 2010
Ahmed_2007_Cool's Avatar
Senior Member
 
Join Date: Jan 2009
Location: Karachi
Posts: 219
Thanks: 168
Thanked 145 Times in 89 Posts
Ahmed_2007_Cool will become famous soon enough
Default

Pakhto pa baaray ke dwa-dre sawauna kawal ghraram.. Awal kho bakhana ghrawama, dumra pakhto kho zma ta na razi lekin ze lagya yam, zdakouma!

Pa Yousufzai jaba ke, ے istimaalaige. Kho pa Quetta ke, khalq ی ، ئ ، ې ، ي ، ۍ istimaal kai. Da wela dagha se de? Ao pa doi ke kum sam de?

Bal da tapoos kawal ghwaram che pa Karachye ke da Pukhto kitabuna kum zai na milawagi?

Dera manana!
__________________
He conquers who endures.
Reply With Quote
Reply

Tags
learn pashto

Thread Tools Search this Thread
Search this Thread:

Advanced Search

Posting Rules
You may not post new threads
You may not post replies
You may not post attachments
You may not edit your posts

BB code is On
Smilies are On
[IMG] code is On
HTML code is Off
Trackbacks are On
Pingbacks are On
Refbacks are On


Similar Threads
Thread Thread Starter Forum Replies Last Post
WEb Building GLossary Terms Janeeta Computer Science 3 Monday, November 04, 2019 12:09 AM
What is History, Lessons we learn from it, benefits of its study. Xeric History of Pakistan & India 0 Tuesday, May 19, 2009 08:23 PM
How to learn English Faryal Shah English (Precis & Composition) 3 Monday, September 03, 2007 12:09 AM
:::::: How To Speak And Learn Egnlish :::: free thinker Tips and Experience Sharing 4 Monday, August 06, 2007 03:20 AM


CSS Forum on Facebook Follow CSS Forum on Twitter

Disclaimer: All messages made available as part of this discussion group (including any bulletin boards and chat rooms) and any opinions, advice, statements or other information contained in any messages posted or transmitted by any third party are the responsibility of the author of that message and not of CSSForum.com.pk (unless CSSForum.com.pk is specifically identified as the author of the message). The fact that a particular message is posted on or transmitted using this web site does not mean that CSSForum has endorsed that message in any way or verified the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any message. We encourage visitors to the forum to report any objectionable message in site feedback. This forum is not monitored 24/7.

Sponsors: ArgusVision   vBulletin, Copyright ©2000 - 2024, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd.