CSS Forums - Theory and paradigms and different types of Paradigm

[B]Theory:[/B]

Theories are a set of logical propositions that are presented in a systematic way which describe and explain any behavior. These are logically constructed statement that includes some information in any particular area. Theories are such a statements always open for testing, reviewing, reformulating, modifying, adding.

[B]Paradigm:
[/B]
Paradigm is a set of propositions that explain how the world is perceived it contains a world view a way of breaking down the complexity of the real world.

Paradigms are broad theoretical formulations. They provide us a sets of assumptions that

help us to find out the description of the reality so that we derive some hypothesis.

Based on hypothesis we can have help on research on specific process and effects.

Paradigm is a whole system of thinking. It is different insight to viewing and perceiving world to observe things and any social reality based on the basic assumptions

[B]Types of paradigms:

1.[/B] Positivistic perspective
[B]2.[/B] Interpretive perspective
[B]3.[/B] Critical perspective

[B]Positivistic Perspective:

[/B]As this is old form of paradigm work of A.Comte and E.Durkiem.this approach defines reality as everything we perceive through our senses. Other sources of knowledge are unreliable. Reality is always before us that require experiences to be realized that is objective. Science is based on strict rules and procedures.

[B]Interpretive Perspective:
[/B]
It consist the work of Vice, Dilthey, and Weber.accroding to them reality does not exist or out there but it exists at the minds of people. It is internally experiences through social interaction and interpreted by the actors and reality is not subjective not objective.

This approach realizes reality from specific to general and from the concrete to the abstract. It is also ideographic and presents the reality symbolically in a descriptive form.

[B]Critical Perspective:
[/B]
It is work of Karl Marx and other critical theorist and feminists. They see the reality in a different manner and perspective. Reality is created not by nature but some influential powerful people tend to change and manipulate conditions and brainwash others to perceive things according to powerful people own will and desire. Their viewpoint reality is not as like as it appears to be. For it often does not reflect the conflict, tensions, and contradiction that are eminent in the society. Critical theorist want to present the reality as it is by the revealing myth and illusions. They want to present the real structure of myth of reality. They think human has great potential for creativity and adusment.some social factor stop them moving and creating hurdles in their way their fellow men, which convince them that their fate is correct and acceptable.