History if India and Pakistan Paper 1

Q.2 Mahmud Ghaznavi’s invasions of India are controversial while some consider him a Mujahid others consider him an aggressor, which opinion do you support? Support your answer with strong arguments?

Q.3 Iltutmush is amongst the greatest early Turkish sultans of Dehli, he was an intrepid warrior and a patron of Arts and literature. Discuss

Q.4 Allahu-din-Khilji is considered the pioneer of efficient administration structure in medieval India. Write a comprehensive note on his administrative reforms?

Q.5 Babur failed in central Asia but succeeded in India why? Give a detailed note on his administration?

Q.6 Akbar is considered not only a great administrator but also a great warrior, write a detailed note on his administration?

Q.7 Discuss the role of Hazrat Mujadid Alf sani in the revival of muslim values and traditions with special reference to his opposition to Akbar’s religious policy?

Q.8 Aurangazeb is generally charged with bigoted religious policy. Write a critical note on his religious policy.

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History of India and Pakistan
Paper-2


TIME ALLOWED:
(PART-I)…………30 MINUTES…………..…..MAXIMUM MARKS:20
(PART-II)…………2 Hours & 30 Minutes……..MAXIMUM MARKS:80

Q.2 Shah wali Ullah has played a very significant role in the reawakening of Muslims of India. Write a comprehensive note on his service for the cause of Muslims?

Q.3 Syed Ahmed Brailve was a man of action rather than rhetoric his movement after initial success failed. Discuss and evaluate

Q.4 What circumstances led to the partition of Bengal in 1905? How it affected Hindu-British and Hindu-Muslim relations? Discuss in Detail

Q.5 Congress rule during 1937-1939 provided an opportunity to all India Muslim League to reorganize . Discuss congress rule in provinces and its impact on AIML.

Q.6 Why parliamentary democracy could not succeed? What circumstances led to the 1st Martial Law?

Q.7 Shaikh Mujeeb 6 points became Magna Carta for Awami League. Discuss and Evaluate its background and Contents.

Q.8 Right from beginning Pak-Afghan relations could not be established on friendly terms. what has affected the relations of two brotherly neighbouring countries? Make a critical analysis.

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INDO PAK PAPER I

Q.2 Mahmud Ghaznavi’s invasions of India are controversial while some consider him a Mujahid others consider him an aggressor, which opinion do you support? Support your answer with strong arguments?[/SIZE]


Ans :
1-Introduction :

Sultan Mahmud attempted seventeen expedition into india,He conquered alot of territories but didnot rule there except the punjab.He was the king who never defeated once.He was the eldest and ablest son of sabuktigin rather ismail became sabtukgin successor and mahmud was not agreed with this arrangement, a battle fought between ismail and mahmud in 998 A.D and Ismael was defeated thereby Mahmud became the sultan of Ghaznavi after his defeat.

2-Different opinions about the motives of Mahmud :

i) Some historians say that,It was mahmud's main motive to invade india and preach islam.
ii) other historians said : his main motive was to loot the weath of india and descrating the temples,few of them think that, he was a great Military General.
iii) few of them also said : Mahmud's motive was to extend his empire.
iv) According to S.M JAFFAR and Prof Habib: the real motive of Mahmud's invasion of india was economic not religious.

3- Religious motives :

i) Mahmud got a task of spreading islam in india from Khalifah Qadir Billah of Baghdad.
ii) He destroyed Hindu temples of Nagakot,Somnath,and others,Thousands of Rajas were compelled to embrace islam.
iii) His religious policy was based on toleration and though zealous for islam.
iv) he knew Quran and had knowledge of hadith as well.

4- Himself a Muslim Mahmud never forced religion on others :

i) He was a pious muslim but he never forced his religion on others.
ii) Some Rajas are said to have embraced islam,it is defferent thing,either they did in fear or for defeat or for enjoying privileges under islam.

5- Religious liberty granted to the Hindus :

i) All the Hindus enjoyed religious freedom under Mahmud's benign government.
ii) He granted separate quaters in Ghazni for Hindus to perform their religious rights and ceremonies.
iii) The hindus were appointed on highly responsible posts like Tilak rai,Hazari roi and Sonai stand out prominently in the Military history of Ghazni.
iv) If he was fanatic,How could it be possible for him to do these things.

6-Historians point of view regarding Mahmud's invasion :

i) According to Stanley,Lanepoole : "Mahmud was a great soldier and a man of infinite courage and indefarigable energy of mind and body".
ii) According to S.M Jaffar : " Mahmud was endowed with a genius of war,he was a skilful and scientific General in planning and thorough in execution".
iii) Utbi his court historian hails him : "As the glorious lord of people,who displayed equality between the window and the wealthy,so that the boasting and oppression was closed.
iv) Lanepoole says, " We hear of no laws or institutions or methods of government that sprang from his initiative,outward order and security was all he attempted to attain in his unwieldy empire,and to organised and consolidated werenot in his scheme".
v) According to ishwari parsad : : The empire of Mahmud was a huge agglomerator of people,who could not be held in check only by Sultan.
vi) According to C.V Vaidya: "There are no records to disapprove the statement that ,it was a well-organised and well-conducted government.

Conclusion :

Though he invaded india more than seventeen times just because of money according to some historians then why he gave religious freedom to hindus,and why their civilization came into contact,first and foremost in the light of above facts ,he was a brave king,who never suffered from a defeat,he was skillful general and a good soldier,he got a task from khalifah to preach islam in whole india and he became successful,as per islamic knowledge Hindus were authorised to perform their religious rights and it is mentioned in the Quran and hadith.and he did it accordingly.It is rather said "all the temples were destroyed by him ,M.Elpbinstone,says,"It is nowhere asserted that he ever put a hindu to death except battle or in the storm of a fort" it means all those temples were destroyed in the time of war.Historians can be wrong because they werenot appeared at that time when all that was happening,it is their collected material,thus mahmud wasnot very aggressor,in the light of above facts he was a mujahid.

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Q.1. Select the best option/answer and fill in appropriate box on the Answer Sheet. (20)

1.raja dahir’s wife name is

a. Jodha Bai
b. Uddipana
c. Rani Bai
d. Shari Mati
e. None Of These(her name was Ladi Bai.plz correct me)

2. Raja dahir’s wife

a. was made hostage
b. was freed
c. committed suicide
d. accepted islam
e none of these

3. Sabuktagin was

a. Son Of Alaptagin
b. Nephew Of Alaptagin
c. Slave Of Alaptagin
d. Son In Law Of Alaptagin
e. None Of These

4. The founder of ghazanvide dynasty was

a. Mahmood Ghauri
b. Alaptagin
c. Sabuktagin
d. Jaipal
e. None Of These

5. Abu rehan al-biruni was a famous

a. Conqueror
b. Sultan
c. Poet
d. Historian
e. None Of These

6. The founder of slave dynasty was

a. Qutub Ud Din Aibak
b. Iltutmish
c. Nasir Ud Din Mahmud Shah
d. Balban
e. None Of These

7. Razia sultana was the daughter of

a. Qutub Ud Din Aibak
b. Muhammad Ghauri
c. Iltutmish
d. Balban
e. None Of These

8. Amongst the sultans of delhi who presented the theory of kingship

a. Iltutmish
b. Balban
c. Alauddin Khilji
d. Muhammad Tughlaq
e. None Of These

9. Warden of marches was the title of

a. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq
b. Mahmood Of Ghazni
c. Muhammad Ghauri
d. Sultan Balban
e. None Of These

10. Ibn-e-bututa was

a. An Arab
b. A Moorish
c. A Turk
d. A Persian
e. None Of These

11. Baburnama is a
a. Travelogue
b. Biography
c. Autobiography
d. Collection Of Poetry
e. None Of These

12. Shaibani khan defeated

a. Babur
b. Ibrahim Lodhi
c. Humayun
d. Akbar
e. None Of These

13. The battle of gogra was faught between

a. Rajputes And Babur
b. Lodhis And Babur
c. Marhatas And Babur
d. Mewatis And Babur
e. None Of These

14. Humayun died from

a. Excessive Alchol Drinking
b. Cholera
c. Battlefield
d. Fall From Library Stairs
e. None Of These


15. Sher shah suri snatched the throne of delhi from

a. Babur
b. Humayun
c. Jehangir
d. Aurangzeb
e. None Of These


16. During The 16th Century The Pioneer Of Efficient Administration Reforms In India Is Considered To Be

a. Sher Shah Suri
b. Humayun
c. Jehangir
d. Akbar
e. None Of These


17. The suri dynasty was brought to an end by

a. Sher Shah Suri
b. Humayun
c. Jehangir
d. Akbar
e. None Of These


18. Fateh pur sikri was declared the capital of his kingdom by

a. Jehangir
b. Akbar
c. Aurangzeb
d. Shah Jahan
e. None Of These


19. The chain of justice was hanged for the convenience of people for quick justice by

a. Noor Jahan
b. Jehangir
c. Akbar
d. Sher Shah Suri
e. None Of These


20. Taj mahal was constructed as his queen mausoleum by

a. Shah Jahan
b. Jehangir
c. Akbar
d. Bahadur Shah Zafar
e. None Of These

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The color of blood in my veins is green,I am a proud Pakistani.

Farooq Basir

iT WAS Rani bai

its Sher Shah suri

rgds

Dr sahib Akbar is better known for being the pioneer Of efficient administration reforms In India,no doubt many historians give credit to Sher Shah for providing basic structure of administration to Akbar but whenever Akbar and Sher Shar are to be compared as administrator,Akbar is always ranked high because he not only adopted the basics from sher shah's system but also improved on it and made many changes.Every one is familiar with "Mughal Administration" but the term "Sher Shah's administration " is alien to us just because Akbar superpassed Sher Shah in this regard.

regards

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The color of blood in my veins is green,I am a proud Pakistani.

@Farooq Basir,
dear, here the question is asked about the pioneer in 16th century.And pioneer means inventer or the one who introduced it first.The adm.syst of Suri has been praised many times in the chronicles of indo pak.

sO IT IS right to say the Sher Shah was the pioneer of adm.sysm in 16th century.

Sir neither Sher Shah nor Akbar was the inventor of that system.it was a product of evolutionary process.we can trace it right down to Abbaside administration and administrative structure of samarqand and bukhara.Iltutmish was the one who established it for the first time in India.every generation made improvements and passed it on to the next generation.Many of Sher Shah's terms were derived from Alauddin's administration.At the apex it was the Akbar who made it the one to be called "Mughal administartion".India in the 16th century is dominated by only one person that is Akbar-the great.

I know there is gonna be alot ov controversy upon this issue.credit must be given to Sher Shah but when sher shar is compared with Akbar,well i will say he was no match to Akbar in the field of administration.Time did not allow Sher shah to become the pioneer.His reign was very short and he had to spent much of his time in the battlefield rather than concentrating on administration.He merely provided the framework upon which Akbar constructed the Mughal Administration.

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The color of blood in my veins is green,I am a proud Pakistani.

May b, you are right.But it is still an unresolved issue, because many of my friends had opted for suri.

thanks

4. The founder of ghazanvide dynasty was

a. Mahmood Ghauri
b. Alaptagin
c. Sabuktagin
d. Jaipal
e. None Of These

shouldn't it be "b.Alaptagin" as i have read so in a book that ghaznavid empire was established by Alaptagin. Comments?

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Successful beginning leads to successful results, seems very ordinary and simple yet very true and hard to implement! Thats the way things are in life, we try to explore difficult situations but fail to comprehend easy and available experiences!