Statement : Democracy is a popular governing system that ensures human development and eradicates illiteracy.Although, weak democracy in Pakistan failed to increse literacy.

Outline:

A) Introduction

B) Under democracy current situation of literacy:

1) citizens are deprived of basic right

2) Article 25(a); yet to implement

3) lliteracy rate decline 60% to 58%

4) Human development Index 150

C) Impacts of illiteracy on democratic system:

1) political unrest

2) set-back of economy

3) social degeneration

4) Rise of radicalism and extremism

D) Factors that increase illiteracy under democracy:

1) lack of political will

2) no interest of judiciary

3) lack of infrastructure

4) phantom schools and teachers

5) patriarchal society

6) religious manipulation

7) low budget

E)Way forward to strengthen democray and uplift education :

1) strategic vision

2) ensure Article 25

3) special parliamentary committee

4) uniformity of education

5) promote girls education

6) control mardsa system

7)

F) conclusion

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New war fronts lie in economic zones
I attempted this topic with the following outline.

1. Introduction. Post cold war
2. The rise of china
3. US foreign policy shift
4. US-China economic warfare
.... 4.1. Trade war
.... 4.2. Chinese Belt and Road Initiative
.... 4.3. US response to BRI. 'The Quad'
5. US containment Policies for China
.... 5.1Congressional bill to limit chinese acquisition of US firms
.... 5.2 Congressional bill to counter Chinese IP theft
.... 5.3 highlighting chinese human rights abuses
.... 5.4 Arrest of Huawei CFO
6. US vs China economic influence and projects in Asia
7. US vs China economic influence and projects in Africa
8. Conclusion.. New Cold war

I know i should have included more dimensions to the topic. I wrote around 1800 words

Topic: "Sometimes we do not see what we see"

1. Introduction
An unending process of modernity, political security, economic expansionist tendencies and emergence of nascent technological systems are making huge strides, in disguise.

2. Thesis Statement: Popular modernist tendencies, the US's adamance to retain her global hegemony vis a vis the rule-based world order, coupled with furtive economic inducements of the Communist regime and emergence of Artificial Intelligence to wage hybrid battle have blanketed economically less-developed countries to heed to the dictations of the lord of the world.

3. Ramifications of modernity
a) A prevalent wave of feminism have inhibited Muslim women to connive at ethical principles adorned by divine laws
b) Media's hidden tactics of manipulating public opinion

4. The US's endeavours to retain her global hegemony
a) Recent caveat to Venezuelan regime to stop persecuting the citizenry: A covert objective to wretch her oil resources
b.) Abrupt drawdown from two nuclear treaties (JCPOA and INF) to stop others matching her nuclear prowess
c.) US Indo-Pacific vision to contain China: looking towards East

5. China's economic inducements
a) Debt-trap diplomacy
b) technological theft
c) Sabre-rattling in the South China Sea: a clandestine strategy to suppress the US's influence in the Pacific region

6. Technological shifts
a) Artificial Intelligence: a covert web malware to change public opinion via social media tools (Facial recognition algorithm)
b) Cryptocurrency: Making a cashless society

7) Third world countries are either compelled or elated to adhere to the covert dictates of the global powers

8. Conclusion

__________________
The fear of suffering is worse than the suffering itself.

I attempted Urdu literature And progressive movement and I am very happy about it. I think no one attempted this topic as previous time I was a single guy who opted Urdu literature, at least in my hall and out of 100 people.
I left my job for the sake of css.. ya Allah madad 🤢🤢


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Peace Education through the Arts, Culture, and Exposure.

Topic: "Sometimes we do not see what we see"

1. Introduction
An unending process of modernity, political security, economic expansionist tendencies and emergence of nascent technological systems are making huge strides, in disguise.

2. Thesis Statement: Popular modernist tendencies, the US's adamance to retain her global hegemony vis a vis the rule-based world order, coupled with furtive economic inducements of the Communist regime and emergence of Artificial Intelligence to wage hybrid battle have blanketed economically less-developed countries to heed to the dictations of the lord of the world.

3. Ramifications of modernity
a) A prevalent wave of feminism have inhibited Muslim women to connive at ethical principles adorned by divine laws
b) Media's hidden tactics of manipulating public opinion

4. The US's endeavours to retain her global hegemony
a) Recent caveat to Venezuelan regime to stop persecuting the citizenry: A covert objective to wretch her oil resources
b.) Abrupt drawdown from two nuclear treaties (JCPOA and INF) to stop others matching her nuclear prowess
c.) US Indo-Pacific vision to contain China: looking towards East

5. China's economic inducements
a) Debt-trap diplomacy
b) technological theft
c) Sabre-rattling in the South China Sea: a clandestine strategy to suppress the US's influence in the Pacific region

6. Technological shifts
a) Artificial Intelligence: a covert web malware to change public opinion via social media tools (Facial recognition algorithm)
b) Cryptocurrency: Making a cashless society

7) Third world countries are either compelled or elated to adhere to the covert dictates of the global powers

8. Conclusion

__________________
The fear of suffering is worse than the suffering itself.

How many words are considered to be a safe quantity? I am not sure whether I wrote the least amount required or not. I wrote on Democracy and Illiteracy. Can anyone shed some light on this?

Asalaam o alaikum everyone. I have just joined this forum and have a few questions regarding CSS Exam and its subjects if someone can help me with those.

Although this essay demands a clear stance but examiner always wants from the aspitants to shed light on the other side of coin in 3,4 paragraphs...
This shows the analytical abilities of a candidate...
Secondly outline reflects the ideas but you have mentioned facts which need to be mentioned in paragraphs as evidence...
In my view these are the corrections anyway wish you best of luck

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All outlines are very well written. Allah Pak ap sab ko kamyab kren. ameen .Guys now focus on your next paper i.e, precis and comprehension..

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