Psychology Including Experimental Psychology 2004

Paras Devta · #1 Friday, May 19, 2006

FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN B.P.S. – 17 UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2004
Psychology, Paper-1

Time Allowed: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 100

Note: Attempt Five questions in all, including question No. 8 which is compulsory. All questions carry equal marks.
1. Describe the aims and methods of Structuralism and Functionalism.

2. Name and define the three major subdivisions of Brain and describe their functions.

3. Compare and contrast the principles of Operant and Classical conditioning and describe the impact of classical conditioning on everyday life.

4. How attitudes are formed? Discuss the role of learning and direct experience in formation of attitudes.

5. Critically evaluate the theories of emotions.

6. Define Personality. Discuss in detail different type of personality tests.

7. Define perceptual constancy. Explain the influences that allow us to perceive constant size, shape and brightness.

COMPULSORY QUESTIONS

8. Write only the correct answer in your Answer Book. Don’t reproduce the questions.

1) The peripheral nervous system is made up of:
a) Axons and dendrites
b) The brain and the spinal cord
c) The autonomic and somatic nervous systems
d) The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
e) None of these

2) The adrenal hormones which also appear to function as neurotransmitters in the brain are:
a) Dopamine and serotonin
b) Progesterone and testosterone
c) Epinephrine and nor epinephrine
d) Insulin and toblerone
e) None of these

3) The detection of physical energy emitted or reflected by physical objects: it occurs when energy in the external environment or the body stimulates receptors in the sense organs:
a) Cognition
b) Sensation
c) Perception
d) Adaptation
e) None of these

4) Which of the following is a dimension of visual experience?
a) Loudness
b) Pitch
c) Timbre
d) Brightness
e) None of these

5) All human senses evolved for the same purpose to:
a) Increase our ability to enjoy the environment
b) Make up more aware our feelings and internal state
c) Provide information that could improve our ability to communicate
d) Help us survive
e) None of these

6) The fovea and blind spot are both features of the:
a) Cornea
b) Lens
c) Retina
d) Pupil
e) None of these

7) Which of the following is the best example of a primary reinforcing?
a) Food
b) Money
c) Pay check
d) New clothes
e) None of these

8) Which of the following could be attributed to Tolman’s research?
a) Discovery of the law of effect
b) The concept of cognitive map
c) The negative effect of punishment
d) The role of classical conditioning in the formation of phobic disorders
e) None of these

9) Which of the following factors influence the impact of interference on learning?
a) The nature of the material being learned
b) The organization and meaningfulness of the information learned
c) The type of activity that flows studying
d) All of the above
e) None of these

10) Which of the following psychologists developed the need/drive theory of emotion?
a) Clark Hull
b) Abraham Maslow
c) Robert Plutchik
d) Water Cannon
e) None of these

11) Which of the following orders of Maslow’s hierarchy of need is correct?
a) Safety, physiological, belongingness, self-actualization, esteem
b) Belongingness, esteem, safety, physiological, self-actualization
c) Physiological, belongingness, safety, esteem, self-actualization
d) Physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, self-actualization
e) None of these

12) Central traits:
a) Were suggested by a behaviorist to explain behavior
b) Organize and control behavior across many situations
c) Are more situations specific than they are secondary traits
d) Are seen in growth-oriented individuals
e) None of these

13) Norms are influenced by:
a) The surrounding culture
b) The surrounding sub-culture
c) The context of the situation
d) All of the above
e) None of these

14) Discrepancies between attitudes lead to:
a) Prejudice
b) Cognitive dissonance
c) The fundamental attribution error
d) Relative deprivation
e) None of these

15) Many of the neo Freudians have modified Freud’s original theory of personality to give more emphasis to:
a) Childhood sexuality
b) Social and cultural factors
c) Differences between the sexes
d) Unconscious forces
e) None of these

16) Motivation is defined as inferred process within a person that causes organism to move toward:
a) A goal
b) All other organisms
c) A homeostatic state
d) Higher kevels in the hierarchy of needs
e) None of these

17) In which motivational conflicts are must chosen by “the lesser of two evils”
a) Approach-Approach
b) Approach-Avoidance
c) Avoidance-Avoidance
d) Multiple approach-avoidance
e) None of these

18) Which of the following identified universal symbolic images that appear in myths, art, dreams, and other expressions of the collective unconscious?
a) Freud
b) Adler
c) Jung
d) Horney
e) All of these

19) Raymond B Cattel advanced the study of personality traits by using a statistical method called:
a) Locus of control
b) Identification
c) Factor analysis
d) Phrenology
e) None of these

20) Perfection is a problem that is most associated with the:
a) Id
b) Ego
c) Superego
d) Ego and superego
e) None of these

Paras Devta · #2 Friday, May 19, 2006

FEDERAL PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATION FOR RECRUITMENT TO POSTS IN B.P.S. – 17 UNDER THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT, 2004
Psychology, Paper-11

Time Allowed: 3 Hours Max. Marks: 100

Note: Attempt Five questions in all, including question No. 8 which is compulsory. All questions carry equal marks.

1. Differentiate between growth and development. Describe the influence of nature on development.

2. Discuss the ways in which abnormal behavior has been defined.

3. Define Behavior theory. Describe its basic features and assumptions on which it is based.

4. What do you understand by Intelligence? How can be intelligence assessed?

5. List the components that interact to influence drug addiction in Pakistan. Suggest practical remedies.

6. Describe the principles and stages of Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development.

7. Discuss biological and psychosocial theories that attempt to explain schizophrenia. State the major criticism for each theory.

COMPULSORY QUESTIONS

8. Write only the correct answer in your Answer Book. Don’t reproduce the questions.

1) Which of the following represent correct sequence?
a) Zygote, fetus, embryo, neonate, infant
b) Zygote, embryo, neonate, fetus, infant
c) Embryo, zygote, fetus, neonate, infant
d) Zygote, embryo, fetus, neonate, infant

2) Maturation refers to development that occurs as a result of:
a) Genetically determined signals
b) Instinctive process
c) Homeostatic imbalances
d) An interaction between biology and environment
e) None of these

3) Which of the following is not one of the aspects of development studied by psychologists?
a) Universal aspects of development
b) Individual differences in development
c) Cultural differences in development
d) Immutable laws of development
e) None of these

4) Which of the following is most likely to lead to high job satisfaction?
a) Matching personality with occupation
b) Promotion practices based on seniority
c) Having an out going personality
d) Working alone
e) None of these

5) Which of the following improves worker skills and reduces frustration and stress?
a) Job training
b) Job analysis
c) Access to an employee assistance program
d) An organizational culture
e) None of these

6) The assessment tools upon which clinicians depends gather information about their clients belong in which of the following categories.
a) Interviews
b) Tests
c) Observations
d) All of these choices
e) None of these

7) Which of the following tests is likely to have the highest reliability?
a) The TAT
b) The Rorschach
c) The MMPI
d) The Draw-a-Person test
e) None of these

8) Clinicians attempting to systematically assess the abnormal behavior of a client will frequently:
a) Rely primarily on personality tests
b) Employ a battery of tests
c) Rely primarily on projective tests
d) Rely primarily on neuropsychological tests
e) None of these

9) The best definition of psychotherapy includes:
a) A sufferer, a healer and a systematic interaction between the two
b) A healer that uncovers unconscious conflicts and heals the personality
c) The removal of symptoms about which the patient complains
d) The use of talking and drugs about which the patient complains
e) None of these

10) Psycho dynamic therapists believe that maladaptive behavior stems from:
a) Disturbed thought patterns
b) Inappropriate learning patterns
c) A failure to live up one’s full potential
d) Emotional trauma experienced in childhood
e) None of these

11) Which of the following therapists make intensive use of role playing?
a) Client-centered therapists
b) Psychoanalytic therapists
c) Existential therapists
d) Gestalt therapists
e) None of these

12) Client-centered therapy is most consistent with the:
a) Behavioral approach
b) Cognitive approach
c) Psychodynamic approach
d) Humanistic approach
e) None of these

13) Illnesses that seem to result from an interaction of physical and psychological factors are called:
a) Hysterical
b) Psychosomatic
c) Somatic
d) Conversion disorders
e) None of these

14) Chromosomal mapping studies have found that:
a) Schizophrenia does not appear to have genetic components
b) Schizophrenia does appear to have a genetic component
c) Adoption studies do not reveal anything about schizophrenia
d) There is a single cause of schizophrenia
e) None of these

15) The leading cause of mind retardation is believed to be:
a) Fetal alcohol syndrome
b) Organic brain syndrome
c) Environmental factors
d) Inherited traits
e) None of these

16) Therapists who focus on altering faulty thought process are:
a) Cognitive therapists
b) Humanistic therapists
c) Biological therapists
d) Psychodynamic therapists
e) None of these

17) In general children who score well on IQ tests have parents who:
a) Pay for tutors and special schools
b) Have very high IQs
c) Punish them if they fail to do it well
d) Spend time with them and actively encourage their development
e) None of these

18) One hallmark of projective tests is that they:
a) Are multiphase
b) Are criterion referenced
c) Require responses to ambiguous stimuli
d) Measure only one trait
e) None of these

19) When psychological tests are used in personal selection, an important concern regarding the tests is:
a) Cost
b) Ease of administration
c) Validity
d) Objectivity
e) None of these

20) A conversion disorder is characterized by:
a) Functional impairment of a limb or sensory ability with no apparent physical cause
b) A constant fear of becoming seriously ill
c) Frequently vague complaints of physical symptoms
d) None of these

UltimateCSP · #3 Monday, January 21, 2013

Please make corrections...

1) The peripheral nervous system is made up of:
a) Axons and dendrites
b) The brain and the spinal cord
c) The autonomic and somatic nervous systems
d) The sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems
e) None of these

2) The adrenal hormones which also appear to function as neurotransmitters in the brain are:
a) Dopamine and serotonin
b) Progesterone and testosterone
c) Epinephrine and nor epinephrine
d) Insulin and toblerone
e) None of these

3) The detection of physical energy emitted or reflected by physical objects: it occurs when energy in the external environment or the body stimulates receptors in the sense organs:
a) Cognition
b) Sensation
c) Perception
d) Adaptation
e) None of these

4) Which of the following is a dimension of visual experience?
a) Loudness
b) Pitch
c) Timbre
d) Brightness
e) None of these

5) All human senses evolved for the same purpose to:
a) Increase our ability to enjoy the environment
b) Make up more aware our feelings and internal state
c) Provide information that could improve our ability to communicate
d) Help us survive
e) None of these

6) The fovea and blind spot are both features of the:
a) Cornea
b) Lens
c) Retina
d) Pupil
e) None of these

7) Which of the following is the best example of a primary reinforcing?
a) Food
b) Money
c) Pay check
d) New clothes
e) None of these

8) Which of the following could be attributed to Tolman’s research?
a) Discovery of the law of effect
b) The concept of cognitive map
c) The negative effect of punishment
d) The role of classical conditioning in the formation of phobic disorders
e) None of these

9) Which of the following factors influence the impact of interference on learning?
a) The nature of the material being learned
b) The organization and meaningfulness of the information learned
c) The type of activity that flows studying
d) All of the above
e) None of these

10) Which of the following psychologists developed the need/drive theory of emotion?
a) Clark Hull
b) Abraham Maslow
c) Robert Plutchik
d) Water Cannon
e) None of these

11) Which of the following orders of Maslow’s hierarchy of need is correct?
a) Safety, physiological, belongingness, self-actualization, esteem
b) Belongingness, esteem, safety, physiological, self-actualization
c) Physiological, belongingness, safety, esteem, self-actualization
d) Physiological, safety, belongingness, esteem, self-actualization
e) None of these

12) Central traits:
a) Were suggested by a behaviorist to explain behavior
b) Organize and control behavior across many situations
c) Are more situations specific than they are secondary traits
d) Are seen in growth-oriented individuals
e) None of these

13) Norms are influenced by:
a) The surrounding culture
b) The surrounding sub-culture
c) The context of the situation
d) All of the above
e) None of these

14) Discrepancies between attitudes lead to:
a) Prejudice
b) Cognitive dissonance
c) The fundamental attribution error
d) Relative deprivation
e) None of these

15) Many of the neo Freudians have modified Freud’s original theory of personality to give more emphasis to:
a) Childhood sexuality
b) Social and cultural factors
c) Differences between the sexes
d) Unconscious forces
e) None of these

16) Motivation is defined as inferred process within a person that causes organism to move toward:
a) A goal
b) All other organisms
c) A homeostatic state
d) Higher kevels in the hierarchy of needs
e) None of these

17) In which motivational conflicts are must chosen by “the lesser of two evils”
a) Approach-Approach
b) Approach-Avoidance
c) Avoidance-Avoidance
d) Multiple approach-avoidance
e) None of these

18) Which of the following identified universal symbolic images that appear in myths, art, dreams, and other expressions of the collective unconscious?
a) Freud
b) Adler
c) Jung
d) Horney
e) All of these

19) Raymond B Cattel advanced the study of personality traits by using a statistical method called:
a) Locus of control
b) Identification
c) Factor analysis
d) Phrenology
e) None of these

20) Perfection is a problem that is most associated with the:
a) Id
b) Ego
c) Superego
d) Ego and superego
e) None of these

UltimateCSP · #4 Monday, January 21, 2013

1) Which of the following represent correct sequence?
a) Zygote, fetus, embryo, neonate, infant
b) Zygote, embryo, neonate, fetus, infant
c) Embryo, zygote, fetus, neonate, infant
d) Zygote, embryo, fetus, neonate, infant

2) Maturation refers to development that occurs as a result of:
a) Genetically determined signals
b) Instinctive process
c) Homeostatic imbalances
d) An interaction between biology and environment
e) None of these

3) Which of the following is not one of the aspects of development studied by psychologists?
a) Universal aspects of development
b) Individual differences in development
c) Cultural differences in development
d) Immutable laws of development
e) None of these

4) Which of the following is most likely to lead to high job satisfaction?
a) Matching personality with occupation
b) Promotion practices based on seniority
c) Having an out going personality
d) Working alone
e) None of these

5) Which of the following improves worker skills and reduces frustration and stress?
a) Job training
b) Job analysis
c) Access to an employee assistance program
d) An organizational culture
e) None of these

6) The assessment tools upon which clinicians depends gather information about their clients belong in which of the following categories.
a) Interviews
b) Tests
c) Observations
d) All of these choices
e) None of these

7) Which of the following tests is likely to have the highest reliability?
a) The TAT
b) The Rorschach
c) The MMPI
d) The Draw-a-Person test
e) None of these

8) Clinicians attempting to systematically assess the abnormal behavior of a client will frequently:
a) Rely primarily on personality tests
b) Employ a battery of tests
c) Rely primarily on projective tests
d) Rely primarily on neuropsychological tests
e) None of these

9) The best definition of psychotherapy includes:
a) A sufferer, a healer and a systematic interaction between the two
b) A healer that uncovers unconscious conflicts and heals the personality
c) The removal of symptoms about which the patient complains
d) The use of talking and drugs about which the patient complains
e) None of these

10) Psycho dynamic therapists believe that maladaptive behavior stems from:
a) Disturbed thought patterns
b) Inappropriate learning patterns
c) A failure to live up one’s full potential
d) Emotional trauma experienced in childhood
e) None of these

11) Which of the following therapists make intensive use of role playing?
a) Client-centered therapists
b) Psychoanalytic therapists
c) Existential therapists
d) Gestalt therapists
e) None of these

12) Client-centered therapy is most consistent with the:
a) Behavioral approach
b) Cognitive approach
c) Psychodynamic approach
d) Humanistic approach
e) None of these

13) Illnesses that seem to result from an interaction of physical and psychological factors are called:
a) Hysterical
b) Psychosomatic
c) Somatic
d) Conversion disorders
e) None of these

14) Chromosomal mapping studies have found that:
a) Schizophrenia does not appear to have genetic components
b) Schizophrenia does appear to have a genetic component
c) Adoption studies do not reveal anything about schizophrenia
d) There is a single cause of schizophrenia
e) None of these

15) The leading cause of mind retardation is believed to be:
a) Fetal alcohol syndrome
b) Organic brain syndrome
c) Environmental factors
d) Inherited traits
e) None of these

16) Therapists who focus on altering faulty thought process are:
a) Cognitive therapists
b) Humanistic therapists
c) Biological therapists
d) Psychodynamic therapists
e) None of these

17) In general children who score well on IQ tests have parents who:
a) Pay for tutors and special schools
b) Have very high IQs
c) Punish them if they fail to do it well
d) Spend time with them and actively encourage their development
e) None of these

18) One hallmark of projective tests is that they:
a) Are multiphase
b) Are criterion referenced
c) Require responses to ambiguous stimuli
d) Measure only one trait
e) None of these

19) When psychological tests are used in personal selection, an important concern regarding the tests is:
a) Cost
b) Ease of administration
c) Validity
d) Objectivity
e) None of these

20) A conversion disorder is characterized by:
a) Functional impairment of a limb or sensory ability with no apparent physical cause
b) A constant fear of becoming seriously ill
c) Frequently vague complaints of physical symptoms
d) None of these

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