PAPER I

q.2 State the definition of psychology as a science. Show your familiarity with the scope of Psychology.

q.3 Describe briefly the structure and functions of central nervous system.

q.4 Define learning. Discuss the principle of reinforcement as related to both classical and operant conditioning..

q.5 Distinguish between sensation and perception. Explain determinants of perception.

q.6 Critically examine Maslows hierarchy of need theory.

q.7 Define personality. Discuss the Factors in development of personality.

Q.8 WRITE SHORT NOTES ON ANY 4 OF THE FOLLOWING:5+5+5+5
Homeostasis
Frustration and Conflict
Prejudice
Endocrine system
Group norms
Personality test
Socialization
Inter group tension



Paper II

q.2 Differentiate between maturation and development. Identify several factors that can be harmful to the developing foetus. 10+10

q.3 Discuss different viewpoints regarding abnormality.

q.4 Describe Jean Piaget's four stages of development ; and discuss the process of organization,adaptation ,assimilation and accommodation.

q.5 List and briefly describe different techniques of behaviour therapy.

q.6 Show your familiarity with psychosomatic disorders.

q.7 Discuss several different approaches to defining intelligence.

Q.8 WRITE SHORT NOTES ON ANY 4 OF THE FOLLOWING:5+5+5+5
Job satisfaction
drug addiction
mental retardation
psychosis
Personality assessment
work incentives
group therapies
character disorder

mcqs were easy as i think 25+ will be right of majority.
point is you cannot complete paper.vague but easy statements e.g abnormality or intelligence related qs as well as psychosomatic question in paper 2 demands a lot being 20 mark questions,similarly learning and perception in paper 1 too much asked.to fill in space gup--or--tukka system will not help.to the point asked cannot move from it.

__________________
Reality is something you rise above.

Well aspirant the paper is soooo good and easy if you have grasped the concepts well.

Rightly mentioned by Jawad Hussain that paper demanded extensive study. You cant go with hanky panky stuff. Here I will disect the paper to make it clear what should be written in each answer.

I hope it will be helpful.

Best of Luck

__________________
"When Allah leads you to the edge of the cliff, Trust Him Fully, only 1 of 2 things will happen either He will catch you when you fall or He will teach you how to fly"

well no body can be 100 % sure about any paper but this doesn't mean that you have done something wrong.n by the way there is nothing vague in this paper its very clear cut paper.
Questions are asked in a very simple manner.like that question about central nervous system.oh God its just the easiest n point grabbing sort of question.questions regarding learning n personality are too straight forward...gup shup n tukka is least required here as the questions are too straight.we indulge in gup shup where we can't make heads or tails of it.

Miss Naqvi...

you have done a marvelous job by writing your views.Its an ample proof to show how easy this paper was.

Good luck to all of you.n Plz guys do guide us about the books.It will be so nice of you.

miss naqvi has clearly dissected the paper I
i wrote question in my post as well regarding my statement
sensation and perception is one lengthy question as u have to distinguish and determinants of perception are asked for explanation.
learning waley me do you think it will be enough to write examples of pavlov and skinner. reinforcements in both conditioning needs to be elaborated with positive/negative reinforcement.question says discuss so you have to write much.
anyways paper II abnormality and different viewpoints ,think and try to solve for 20 marks.similar case with psychosomatic disorders.
then in intelligence question he has asked almost all of intelligence by asking different approaches to defining intelligence.
it is easy to see paper here but time management becomes problem in exam.moreover the examiner has to the point approach asking so much.
in these sort of cases ,i saw score only staying at average then being high.
easy statements does not mean scoring answers

__________________
Reality is something you rise above.

yes you are right as far as writing is concerned.In these type of questions you have to write so much that time management becomes your biggest issue.But you should be thankful that nothing out of the blue hit you as happened with us in some papers.I wish you good luck.

n deadlydoctor I need your help in Psychology.Can I have your email address.
I want to replace indo pak with Psychology n I don't have any guidance as such.I hope you will help me.

1-Psychology may best be described as the scientific study of _______ and ______.
a. Mental states, physical states
b. Thoughts, emotions
c. Behavior, mental processes
d. Mental health, mental illness
e. None of these

2-Freud believed that adult problems usually:
a. Result in Freudian slip
b. Result in bad dreams
c. Can be traced back to critical stage during childhood
d. Are the result of poor behavior
e. None of these

3-Gestalt theory emphasizes:
a. A flow of consciousness
b. The atoms of thought
c. Environmental stimuli
d. Our tendency to see pattern
e. None of these

4-whereas the _______ asked what happens when an organism does something; the _____ asked how and why.
a. Functionalist, behaviorist
b. structuralist, introspectionist
c. structuralist, functionalist
d. Functionalist, structuralist
e. None of these

5-the _____ lobe is to hearing as the occipital lobe is to vision.
a. Frontal
b. Temporal
c. Parietal
d. cerebeller
e. None of these

6-reflexes are usually controlled by the:
a. Medulla
b. Frontal lobe
c. Spinal cord
d. Hypothalamus
e. None of these

7- a part of the brain that sends signals “alert” to higher centers of the brain in response to incoming messages is:
a. Limbic system
b. Reticular formation
c. amygdala
d. Hippocampus
e. None of these

8-perception of the brightness of a color in affected mainly by:
a. The amplitude of light waves
b. The wavelength of light waves
c. The purity of light waves
d. The saturation of light waves
e. None of these

9-which of the following is not a clue for depth perception?
a. Interposition
b. Orientation
c. Linear perspective
d. Reduced clarity
e. None of these

10-psychophysics is the study of:
a. Perceptual illness
b. The psychological perception oh physical stimuli
c. Depth perception
d. Movement perception
e. None of these

11-perceptual constancies are
a. Illusion in which we perceive something that does not correspond to the sensory information
b. Confusing to an individual rather than helping him determine what really exists
c. Likely inborn and not subject to leaning
d. An aid in perceiving a stable and consistent world
e. None of these

12-which of the following is a subdivision of the autonomic nervous system?
a. Both the sympathetic and Para-sympathetic nervous system
b. Only sympathetic nervous system
c. Only the parasympathetic nervous system
d. Brain and spinal cord
e. None of these

13-any stimulus that follows a behavior and increases the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated is called a:
a. Cue
b. Situational stimulus
c. reinforcer
d. Punisher
e. None of these

14-Conditioned response may be eliminated by withdrawing reinforcement. This is known as:
a. Stimulus generalization
b. Extinction
c. Discrimination
d. Spontaneous recovery
e. None of these

15- the ability to learn by observing a model or receiving instructions, without reinforcement, is called_____
a. Cognitive learning
b. Contingency
c. Social learning
d. Instrumental learning
e. None of these

16-analysis of avoidance learning suggest that many phobias are acquired through ______ conditioning.
a. Classical
b. Operant
c. Reinforcement
d. Intermittent
e. None of these

17-the James-Lange or body reaction theory of emotion says
a. You feel emotion then a bodily reaction
b. You react with your body first then you feel emotion
c. The somatic nervous system is the seat of emotion
d. Emotions and visceral reactions are simultaneous
e. None of these

18-the frustration-aggression hypothesis;
a. Assume that aggression is basic instinct
b. Claims that frustration and aggression are both instinctive
c. Assumes that frustration produces aggression
d. Was developed by social learning theorist
e. None of these

19-in Freud’s theory of personality
a. The ego obeys the reality principle
b. The id operates by secondary process
c. The superego obeys the pleasure principle
d. The ego operates by primary process thinking
e. None of these

20-which of the following approaches to personality is least deterministic?
a. The humanistic approach
b. The psychoanalytic approach
c. The social learning approach
d. The behavioral approach
e. None of these

__________________
MERI ZAAT ZRRA-E-BE-NISHAN.....

1-The child’s increasing skill at using his muscles is due chiefly to:
a. Maturation
b. Learning
c. Pushing by parents
d. An opportunity to exercise
e. None of these

2-The stage of prenatal development during which the developing organism is most vulnerable to injury is the:
a. Zygotic stage
b. Germinal stage
c. Fetal stage
d. Embryonic stage
e. None of these

3-Which of the following is part of the psychosocial domain?
a. Motor skills
b. Memory
c. Judgment
d. Style of behaving
e. None of these

4-It would be more accurate to say that maturation:
a. Can be delayed by illness or poor nutrition
b. Is dramatically accelerated by good nutrition
c. Is greatly accelerated by good health care and delayed by illness
d. Is not affected by any environmental factors because it is genetic
e. None of these

5-The first two weeks of life are referred to as:
a. The period of infancy
b. The preoperational stage
c. Early childhood
d. The neonatal period
e. None of these

6-An individual becomes a member of social group through the process of:
a. Aging
b. Socialization
c. Learning
d. Maturation
e. None of these

7-When a researcher tests several groups of people at the same time each group at a different age, he is conducting a(n) ______ study.
a. Observational
b. Longitudinal
c. Cross-sectional
d. Sequential
e. None of these

8-Piaget’s stage for infancy is:
a. Concrete operations
b. Formal operation
c. Preoperational thought
d. Sensory motor thoughts
e. None of these

9-Job satisfaction is enhanced by tasks that are:
a. Challenging but not overwhelming
b. Very easy to accomplish
c. Overwhelming and rewarding
d. Unrelated to one’s personal needs
e. None of these

10-Basic characteristics of tasks that result in social loafing is that they are:
a. Addictive
b. Subtractive
c. Multiplicative
d. Negative
e. None of these

11-The process by which a trained professional uses psychological methods to help people with psychological problem is known as:
a. Psychiatry
b. Psychoanalysis
c. Psychotherapy
d. Psychosurgery
e. None of these

12-Albert Ellis and Aron Beck are names associated with the ____ therapy approach.
a. Gestalt
b. Cognitive
c. Behavioral
d. Phenomenological
e. None of these

13-An affective disorder in which a person swings from one mood extreme to another is classified as:
a. Manic
b. Depressive
c. Unipolar
d. Bipolar
e. None of these

14-The leading cause of mental retardation is believed to be:
a. Fetal alcohol syndrome
b. Organic brain syndrome
c. Environmental factors
d. Inherited traits
e. None of these

15-People who consistently come up with _____ explanations of events are more prone to depression.
a. Overly optimistic
b. Pessimistic
c. Delusional
d. dysthemic
e. None of these

16-According to Piaget the process of building mental representation of the world through direct interaction with it is:
a. Adaptation
b. Egocentrism
c. metacognition
d. Conservation
e. None of these

17-Intelligence can be defined as:
a. Knowledge of a great many facts
b. The ability to get good grades in school
c. The ability to think abstractly and learn from experience
d. All the factors that make one person different from another
e. None of these

18-When people are _____ they have lost touch with reality.
a. Manic
b. Neurotic
c. Psychotic
d. Psychopathic
e. None of these

19-Which of the following clinical procedures are based, in part on classical conditioning?
a. Transference
b. Systematic desensitization
c. Token economy
d. Two chair technique
e. None of these

20-Illnesses that seem to result from an interaction of physical and psychological factors are called:
a. Hysterical
b. Psychosomatic
c. Somatic
d. Conversion disorder
e. None of these

__________________
MERI ZAAT ZRRA-E-BE-NISHAN.....

psychology, paper I objective
1-Psychology may best be described as the scientific study of _______ and ______.
a. Mental states, physical states
b. Thoughts, emotions
c. Behavior, mental processes
d. Mental health, mental illness
e. None of these

2-Freud believed that adult problems usually:
a. Result in Freudian slip
b. Result in bad dreams
c. Can be traced back to critical stage during childhood
d. Are the result of poor behavior
e. None of these

3-Gestalt theory emphasizes:
a. A flow of consciousness
b. The atoms of thought
c. Environmental stimuli
d. Our tendency to see pattern
e. None of these

4-whereas the _______ asked what happens when an organism does something; the _____ asked how and why.
a. Functionalist, behaviorist
b. structuralist, introspectionist
c. structuralist, functionalist
d. Functionalist, structuralist
e. None of these

5-the _____ lobe is to hearing as the occipital lobe is to vision.
a. Frontal
b. Temporal
c. Parietal
d. cerebeller
e. None of these

6-reflexes are usually controlled by the:
a. Medulla
b. Frontal lobe
c. Spinal cord
d. Hypothalamus
e. None of these

7- a part of the brain that sends signals “alert” to higher centers of the brain in response to incoming messages is:
a. Limbic system
b. Reticular formation
c. amygdala
d. Hippocampus
e. None of these

8-perception of the brightness of a color in affected mainly by:
a. The amplitude of light waves
b. The wavelength of light waves
c. The purity of light waves
d. The saturation of light waves
e. None of these

9-which of the following is not a clue for depth perception?
a. Interposition
b. Orientation
c. Linear perspective
d. Reduced clarity
e. None of these

10-psychophysics is the study of:
a. Perceptual illness
b. The psychological perception oh physical stimuli
c. Depth perception
d. Movement perception
e. None of these

11-perceptual constancies are
a. Illusion in which we perceive something that does not correspond to the sensory information
b. Confusing to an individual rather than helping him determine what really exists
c. Likely inborn and not subject to leaning
d. An aid in perceiving a stable and consistent world
e. None of these

12-which of the following is a subdivision of the autonomic nervous system?
a. Both the sympathetic and Para-sympathetic nervous system
b. Only sympathetic nervous system
c. Only the parasympathetic nervous system
d. Brain and spinal cord
e. None of these

13-any stimulus that follows a behavior and increases the likelihood that the behavior will be repeated is called a:
a. Cue
b. Situational stimulus
c. reinforcer
d. Punisher
e. None of these

14-Conditioned response may be eliminated by withdrawing reinforcement. This is known as:
a. Stimulus generalization
b. Extinction
c. Discrimination
d. Spontaneous recovery
e. None of these

15- the ability to learn by observing a model or receiving instructions, without reinforcement, is called_____
a. Cognitive learning
b. Contingency
c. Social learning
d. Instrumental learning
e. None of these

16-analysis of avoidance learning suggest that many phobias are acquired through ______ conditioning.
a. Classical
b. Operant
c. Reinforcement
d. Intermittent
e. None of these

17-the James-Lange or body reaction theory of emotion says
a. You feel emotion then a bodily reaction
b. You react with your body first then you feel emotion
c. The somatic nervous system is the seat of emotion
d. Emotions and visceral reactions are simultaneous
e. None of these

18-the frustration-aggression hypothesis;
a. Assume that aggression is basic instinct
b. Claims that frustration and aggression are both instinctive
c. Assumes that frustration produces aggression
d. Was developed by social learning theorist
e. None of these

19-in Freud’s theory of personality
a. The ego obeys the reality principle
b. The id operates by secondary process
c. The superego obeys the pleasure principle
d. The ego operates by primary process thinking
e. None of these

20-which of the following approaches to personality is least deterministic?
a. The humanistic approach
b. The psychoanalytic approach
c. The social learning approach
d. The behavioral approach
e. None of these

1-The child’s increasing skill at using his muscles is due chiefly to:
a. Maturation
b. Learning
c. Pushing by parents
d. An opportunity to exercise
e. None of these

2-The stage of prenatal development during which the developing organism is most vulnerable to injury is the:
a. Zygotic stage
b. Germinal stage
c. Fetal stage
d. Embryonic stage
e. None of these

3-Which of the following is part of the psychosocial domain?
a. Motor skills
b. Memory
c. Judgment
d. Style of behaving
e. None of these

4-It would be more accurate to say that maturation:
a. Can be delayed by illness or poor nutrition
b. Is dramatically accelerated by good nutrition
c. Is greatly accelerated by good health care and delayed by illness
d. Is not affected by any environmental factors because it is genetic
e. None of these

5-The first two weeks of life are referred to as:
a. The period of infancy
b. The preoperational stage
c. Early childhood
d. The neonatal period
e. None of these

6-An individual becomes a member of social group through the process of:
a. Aging
b. Socialization
c. Learning
d. Maturation
e. None of these

7-When a researcher tests several groups of people at the same time each group at a different age, he is conducting a(n) ______ study.
a. Observational
b. Longitudinal
c. Cross-sectional
d. Sequential
e. None of these

8-Piaget’s stage for infancy is:
a. Concrete operations
b. Formal operation
c. Preoperational thought
d. Sensory motor thoughts
e. None of these

9-Job satisfaction is enhanced by tasks that are:
a. Challenging but not overwhelming
b. Very easy to accomplish
c. Overwhelming and rewarding
d. Unrelated to one’s personal needs
e. None of these

10-Basic characteristics of tasks that result in social loafing is that they are:
a. Additive
b. Subtractive
c. Multiplicative
d. Negative
e. None of these

11-The process by which a trained professional uses psychological methods to help people with psychological problem is known as:
a. Psychiatry
b. Psychoanalysis
c. Psychotherapy
d. Psychosurgery
e. None of these

12-Albert Ellis and Aron Beck are names associated with the ____ therapy approach.
a. Gestalt
b. Cognitive
c. Behavioral
d. Phenomenological
e. None of these

13-An affective disorder in which a person swings from one mood extreme to another is classified as:
a. Manic
b. Depressive
c. Unipolar
d. Bipolar
e. None of these

14-The leading cause of mental retardation is believed to be:
a. Fetal alcohol syndrome
b. Organic brain syndrome
c. Environmental factors
d. Inherited traits
e. None of these

15-People who consistently come up with _____ explanations of events are more prone to depression.
a. Overly optimistic
b. Pessimistic
c. Delusional
d. dysthemic
e. None of these

16-According to Piaget the process of building mental representation of the world through direct interaction with it is:
a. Adaptation
b. Egocentrism
c. metacognition
d. Conservation
e. None of these

17-Intelligence can be defined as:
a. Knowledge of a great many facts
b. The ability to get good grades in school
c. The ability to think abstractly and learn from experience
d. All the factors that make one person different from another
e. None of these

18-When people are _____ they have lost touch with reality.
a. Manic
b. Neurotic
c. Psychotic
d. Psychopathic
e. None of these

19-Which of the following clinical procedures are based, in part on classical conditioning?
a. Transference
b. Systematic desensitization
c. Token economy
d. Two chair technique
e. None of these

20-Illnesses that seem to result from an interaction of physical and psychological factors are called:
a. Hysterical
b. Psychosomatic
c. Somatic
d. Conversion disorder
e. None of these

__________________
Reality is something you rise above.

15- the ability to learn by observing a model or receiving instructions, without reinforcement, is called_____
a. Cognitive learning
b. Contingency
c. Social learning
d. Instrumental learning
e. None of these

is it not cognitive learning??


1-The child’s increasing skill at using his muscles is due chiefly to:
a. Maturation
b. Learning
c. Pushing by parents
d. An opportunity to exercise
e. None of these

i think the answer should be maturation. as early on the increased ability is mainly due to increased ability of muscles in terms of power and better coordination

4-It would be more accurate to say that maturation:
a. Can be delayed by illness or poor nutrition
b. Is dramatically accelerated by good nutrition
c. Is greatly accelerated by good health care and delayed by illness
d. Is not affected by any environmental factors because it is genetic
e. None of these

sir i strongly disagree here. good health does aid maturation but it does not greatly accelerate it. the answer should be A.