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Agha Zuhaib Tuesday, February 23, 2016 12:48 PM

Sociology Paper 2016
 
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mazhar mehmood Tuesday, February 23, 2016 12:51 PM

A very moderate Paper, Not much easy and not so much difficult. Now the trend has been changed for sociology papers as well. Best of Luck to All.

Meme Tuesday, February 23, 2016 07:16 PM

Hey,

Could someone give a general outline of the answer to the question on research by objectives? Thanks.

Mrkhansaab Tuesday, February 23, 2016 07:26 PM

[QUOTE=Meme;914520]Hey,

Could someone give a general outline of the answer to the question on research by objectives? Thanks.[/QUOTE]

Intro:
-NGOS and their line of work - Requires research of a specific type

Body:
-Interviews: Personal insight
-Questionnaires: Open and close ended. collective outlook
-Focus Groups: Used in villages etc, but can have incomplete conclusions etc.
-Case studies: Used in cases of refugees/IDPs etc
-Experiments: Not popular, but still used to check awareness etc

All points have advantages and disadvantages discussed along with examples of Thar, Africa and other regions where NGOs are most needed. (Loose examples more or less).

Conclusion: Effectiveness, cost, viability of research needed

Forgot to mention primary sources of data and reliability + validity of each.

Meme Tuesday, February 23, 2016 08:07 PM

[QUOTE=Mrkhansaab;914528]Intro:
-NGOS and their line of work - Requires research of a specific type

Body:
-Interviews: Personal insight
-Questionnaires: Open and close ended. collective outlook
-Focus Groups: Used in villages etc, but can have incomplete conclusions etc.
-Case studies: Used in cases of refugees/IDPs etc
-Experiments: Not popular, but still used to check awareness etc

All points have advantages and disadvantages discussed along with examples of Thar, Africa and other regions where NGOs are most needed. (Loose examples more or less).

Conclusion: Effectiveness, cost, viability of research needed

Forgot to mention primary sources of data and reliability + validity of each.[/QUOTE]

That is a very well written answer I must say! Well, I for one didn't read the question properly and didn't pay attention to the research by objective part (sigh). Well this is what I wrote:

Ngos purpose for research: analysing social problems
Types of research methods: qualitative and quantitative
Ngos use qualitative; reasoning: more interactive less rigid
Types of research methods: overt and covert
Covert: tea room trade(example); ethical question mark; generally avoided but done when target population is inaccessible, field of study is sensitive: drug users for eg and if the researcher needs to protect his identity
Tea room trade : Research fraternity criticized the research technique: an invasion of privacy of the study sample but some researchers argued if no harm is done to the sample and research has social value it should be conducted.

Then I discussed the various designs employed by ngos:
1) in depth interviews: structured-semi structured-unstructured
2)focus group discussions
3) participant observation
4)questionnaires
5)case study method

I discussed the merits and demerits of each approach plus how the researcher can effectively use each design to improve his/her research. Maintaining a natural setting in the field during participant observation; avoiding asking leading questions; not letting one person dominate the fgd.

Then I mentioned which method would suit the social problem an ngo would study; participant observation if children are under study; ; understanding learning outcomes in different school settings(objective);
obtaining their consent is important
Fgds if the sample is large plus it gives insight into new behaviour
And mentioned similar examples for case study and interviews

Mrkhansaab Tuesday, February 23, 2016 09:43 PM

[QUOTE=Meme;914548]That is a very well written answer I must say! Well, I for one didn't read the question properly and didn't pay attention to the research by objective part (sigh). Well this is what I wrote:

Ngos purpose for research: analysing social problems
Types of research methods: qualitative and quantitative
Ngos use qualitative; reasoning: more interactive less rigid
Types of research methods: overt and covert
Covert: tea room trade(example); ethical question mark; generally avoided but done when target population is inaccessible, field of study is sensitive: drug users for eg and if the researcher needs to protect his identity
Tea room trade : Research fraternity criticized the research technique: an invasion of privacy of the study sample but some researchers argued if no harm is done to the sample and research has social value it should be conducted.

Then I discussed the various designs employed by ngos:
1) in depth interviews: structured-semi structured-unstructured
2)focus group discussions
3) participant observation
4)questionnaires
5)case study method

I discussed the merits and demerits of each approach plus how the researcher can effectively use each design to improve his/her research. Maintaining a natural setting in the field during participant observation; avoiding asking leading questions; not letting one person dominate the fgd.

Then I mentioned which method would suit the social problem an ngo would study; participant observation if children are under study; ; understanding learning outcomes in different school settings(objective);
obtaining their consent is important
Fgds if the sample is large plus it gives insight into new behaviour
And mentioned similar examples for case study and interviews[/QUOTE]

You seem to have covered all of the points (at least to my knowledge) as well. I guess it all boils down to our varying expression(s) and PoVs. As always, it depends on the person checking the paper ;D !

huzaifa77 Wednesday, February 24, 2016 02:09 PM

Guys, I am afraid you've got it all wrong. "Research by objective" is a classification of research. Others include research by application(pure and applied), research by inquiry(quantitaive, qualitative) and another. Here you were asked about research by objective specifically so you were supposed to write only about exploratory, explanatory, descriptive and correlational research. just the 4 types.

exclusively Wednesday, February 24, 2016 03:10 PM

It seems very critical paper. Geography paper was fine as compare to this one. Are you guys happy with such paper, how did go your paper and what about mcqs?

Jabbar Raheem Wednesday, February 24, 2016 04:06 PM

Not an easy paper but was surely an enjoyable one

Meme Wednesday, February 24, 2016 06:26 PM

[QUOTE=huzaifa77;914698]Guys, I am afraid you've got it all wrong. "Research by objective" is a classification of research. Others include research by application(pure and applied), research by inquiry(quantitaive, qualitative) and another. Here you were asked about research by objective specifically so you were supposed to write only about exploratory, explanatory, descriptive and correlational research. just the 4 types.[/QUOTE]

Hey,

Thanks for your answer. I had a feeling that I had done something wrong :p I've studied qualitative research methods in my undergrad but unfortunately I didn't remember these types. But I have a query the question is asked from the ngos functionality perspective so do these types come under their operations?


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