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Old Wednesday, January 23, 2008
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Default Blood Donation & Its Importance

History

The earliest documentation of blood transfusion is found in the religious text of many civilizations.
The first documented demonstration of blood transfusion was between two dogs by Richard Lower in 1665.


Landsteener discovered the ABO Blood Group system in 1901,

which is one of the most important landmark discoveries in the Transfusion Medicine.
In the 1970s voluntary donors were accepted as blood donors. These donors were later on found to people having high-risk activities and the recipients were found to be suffering from liver diseases. This lead to another discovery of Hepatitis B transmitted by donated blood.
Since then testing for the hepatitis B antigen was implemented and this together with cessation of paid donors reduced the incidence of post transfusion hepatitis.
Further studies also made us to include tests for Malaria, Syphilis, AIDS, and Hepatitis C to make the donated blood as safe as possible to the recipient.

One can almost say that blood is that magic potion which gives life to another person. Though we have made tremendous discoveries and inventions in Science we are not yet able to make the magic potion called Blood. Human blood has no substitute. Requirement of safe blood is increasing and regular voluntary blood donations are vital for blood transfusion services

Who can donate blood?

Eligibility criteria for blood donation

Donor should be between 18-55 years of age with a weight of 50 kg or above with pulse rate, body temperature and blood pressure should be normal. Both men and women can donate.
There are only few conditions in which donors are permanently excluded. The donor with history of epilepsy, psychotic disorders, abnormal bleeding tendencies, severe asthma, cardiovascular disorders, malignancy are permanently unfit for blood donation.

Donors suffering from disease like hepatitis, malaria, measles, mumps, and syphilis may donate blood after full recovery with 3-6 months gap. Also people who have undergone surgery, blood transfusion may safely donate blood after 6-12 mths for woman donors who are pregnant or lactating blood is not taken as their iron reserves are already on the lower side.

How much blood can be taken ?

Our body has 5.5 ltr of blood of which only 350 ml - 450 ml of blood is taken depending upon weight of donor. Majority of healthy adults can tolerate withdrawal of one unit of blood. The withdrawn blood volume is restored within 24 hours and the hemoglobin and cell components are restored in 2 months. Therefore it is safe to donate blood every three months.

What is done with the blood collected?

The blood collected in sterile, pyrogen free containers with anticoagulants like CPDA or CPDA with SAGM. This prevents clotting and provides nutrition for the cells. This blood is stored at 2-6 C or -20 C depending on the component prepared.
Donated blood undergoes various tests like blood grouping antibody detection, testing of infections like hepatitis, AIDS, Malaria, syphilis and before it reaches the recipient it undergoes compatibility testing with the recipient blood.

Modern Blood Transfusion Practice:

Modern blood transfusion basically deals with the optimal use of one unit of blood.
One unit of whole blood is separated into components making it available to different patients according to their requirement. Thus one unit of blood is converted into packed cell volume, fresh frozen plasma, platelet concentrate, cryoprecipitate and granulocytes concentrate.

Another important practice is apheresis. This is separation of only desired component from the donor and return the remaining constituent back to donor. This technique is also used for remaining pathological substance in patients.

Withdrawal of blood for transfusion is regarded as a safe procedure now and blood donor has emerged as the single most vital link.
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Old Thursday, January 24, 2008
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Default

That is a great Article, since i myself donated blood a month back
There is still one question in my mind though which is not mentioned, I've personally seen or known people who smoke heavily and donating blood, is it ok for people like that to donate blood? Secondly, will the acceptor have any impact on the blood that he/she gets from someone like that?

Will be glad if you can tell.

Thanks
Khushal
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Old Thursday, January 24, 2008
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Default Medical conditions for donating blood

Quote:
I've personally seen or known people who smoke heavily and donating blood, is it ok for people like that to donate blood? Secondly, will the acceptor have any impact on the blood that he/she gets from someone like that?
well, as far as i know smokers are not allowed to donate blood.
they are already ruining their life. Why do they want to ruin others?
it will harm lungs of donors.
i dont know about Paksitan but its strongly prohibited to take blood od any smoker ot drug adict.
it is the responsibility of doctor that they dont allow any smoker to donate after screaning test confirmed.

Medical conditions for donating blood

Accident & Injury: can donate if otherwise healthy

Aids: can not donate

Allergies: can donate if there is no infection present and there is no treatment ongoing

Anemia: defer donation until no symptoms exist

Arthritis: can donate if mild and not on medication

Asthma: those with severe asthma requiring regular treatment can not donate; can donate if there are no symptoms evident

Babesiosis: can not donate

Blood disorders or bleeding tendencies: can not donate

Blood Pressure: acceptable range is 160/90 to 110/60. (see medication section below for medication restrictions.)

Brain or spinal surgery that required a transplant of brain covering (dura mater): can not donate

Bronchitis: defer donation until four weeks or after recovery

Cancer: Basal cell, squamous cell skin cancers and keratosis; can not donate until removed and heal.

Chicken Pox: defer donation until four weeks after recovery

Chlamydia: like all other venereal diseases; a minimum of a one year deferral is required

Colds, fever, flu, sore throat: can not donate until symptoms (sore throat, cough, respiratory infection, headache) are completely gone
Cold Sore, Fever Blister, Canker Sore: can donate

Colitis: can not donate

Colostomy: can not donate

Dementia: can not donate

Dengue: defer donation until four weeks after recovery

Dermatitis: can donate if mild; defer donation if severe

Diabetes: can donate if treatment is by diet control and condition is stable; defer donation if on medication

Diarrhea: defer donation until three weeks after recovery

Eczema: can donate if mild. defer donation if severe

Emphysema: can not donate

Filariasis: can not donate

Food Poisoning: defer donation for one week after full recovery

Gastroenteritis: defer donation for one week after full recovery

Gall Stone: can donate if not on medication

Gonorrhea/Syphilis: defer donation for one year after complete recovery
Heart attack: can donate if greater than one year since, and no symptoms present, the attending Blood authority physician must carefully evaluate
Heart surgery, Coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) or angioplasty: can donate one year after surgery, if no history of heart attack, and the donor is on no medication for the heart (aspirin is okay)

Hemochromatosis: can not donate

Hepatitis: Hepatitis or undiagnosed jaundice after age ten; can not donate. Positive hepatitis test: can not donate. Can donate if the history of hepatitis is pertaining to mononucleosis or CMV infection

Herpes (genital): can donate four weeks after lesions completely clear

Leprosy: can not donate

Malaria; had Malaria in last three years: defer donation for three years after full recovery (also see Travel and Residency Restrictions below)

Pregnancy and Miscarriage: can donate after six weeks of full term normal delivery. Can donate six weeks after termination in third trimester. First or second trimester miscarriage can donate after stable

Prostate: can not donate
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