Politics & Political Party In Pakistan

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Politics

The science of government; that part of ethics which has to do with the regulation and government of a nation or state, the preservation of its safety, peace, and prosperity, the defense of its existence and rights against foreign control or conquest, the augmentation of its strength and resources, and the protection of its citizens in their rights, with the preservation and improvement of their morals.
The art and science of governance, particularly in a democracy or collegial body.


Party

A part or portion. A number of persons united in opinion or action, as distinguished from, or opposed to, the rest of a community or association; esp., one of the parts into which a people is divided on questions of public policy.

Parted or divided, as in the direction or form of one of the ordinaries; as, an escutcheon party per pale.

Political

Having, or conforming to, a settled system of administration.

Of or pertaining to public policy, or to politics; relating to affairs of state or administration; as, a political writer.


POLITICAL PARTY IN PAKISTAN
1.Pakistan Peoples Party Parliamentarians (PPPP), the parliamentary wing of the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) was founded in 1967, on November 30 by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto who became its first chairman and later Prime Minister of Pakistan. Pakistan People's Party is the largest political party of Pakistan. This party has been active in Pakistani Politics after the separation of East Wing from the rest of Pakistan. The party gained much popularity and support from masses in era of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto. The party won the 1971 elections on socialist mandate of "Roti, Kapra, Makan" (bread, clothes, shelter). PPP took control of the country after the Indian supported Civil War of 1971. After the first parliamentary term, PPP secured a landslide victory in 1977 elections to rule for further five years.
Opposition parties claimed that the election was heavily rigged by PPP. Tensions mounted and despite the agreement was reached between opposition and PPP, martial law was imposed in the country by Gen. Zia ul Haq. Bhutto was hanged in 1977 after a very controversial trial in which he was found guilty of murder of a political opponent. His daughter Benazir Bhutto was elected twice as the prime minister but her government was dismissed both times on corruption charges, none of them proven in the court despite many years of proceedings.
PPP (Pakistan People's Party) was a socialist nationalist party when formed by Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, but moved toward the right under Benazir Bhutto. Zulfikar Ali Bhutto wanted closer ties with China and more attention to the lower classes. Benazir Bhutto adopted conservative privatization policies in order to secure funding from the United States and the World Bank. Although twice elected Prime Minister, Benazir Bhutto was criticized for corruptions and extra-judicial killings.
2. Pakistan Muslim League (N) (PML "Nawaz group")is a centrist conservative party that has been led from Saudi Arabia by Nawaz Sharif. Although twice elected as Prime Minister, Nawaz Sharif was criticized for wide-spread corruption and extra-judicial killings. In the Angus-Reid pre-election polls of 22-December, the PML/N was in second place, with about 25% of the vote. It is strong in Punjab province.
3. Pakistan Muslim League (Q) (PML "Quaid-i-Azam group"), the party supporting past president, Pervez Musharraf), and officially called Pakistan Muslim League. PML/Q is a centrist conservative party that forms the current national government. The PML/Q formed from the split of the PML following the arrest and exile of PML leader and Prime Minister Nawaz Sharif. The PML/Q absorbed some minor parties through power-sharing agreements.
Although initially popular, Musharraf has been criticized for supporting the US invasion of Afghanistan and suspension of legal rights.
4. Muttahida Qaumi Movement (MQM), previously known as Mohajir Qaumi Movement. The party was formed firstly as student's organization in University of Karachi as the All Pakistan Muhajir Student Organization (APMSO) in 11 June 1978. This student organization was founded when the thousands of Mohajir students (Urdu-speaking immigrants from India after partition) were deprived of their rights and jobs in both private & government organizations. The students were faced with harsh quotas introduced by Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto which deprived Mohajir students of their seats in Universities and higher educational institutions. That led to the formation of the Mohajir Qaumi Movement in 1984. The name was changed to Mutthaida Qaumi Movement in 1997 in order to fight for the rights of 98% oppressed people in Pakistan. Altaf Hussain is the head of this political organization.
5. Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal, a coalition of six religious parties consisting of the Jamaat-e-Islami (JI), Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (F) (Assembly of Islamic Clergy, Fazl-ur-Rahman Group), Jamiat Ulema-e-Islam (S) (Assembly of Islamic Clergy, Sami-ul-Haq Group) Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan (Assembly of Pakistani Clergy), Tehrik-e-Jafaria Pakistan, Jamiat Ahle Hadith and a few more. The religious alliance forms the government in Northwest Frontier Province. It leads the coalition government in Balochistan with PML Quaid-e-Azam.MMA is de-centrist. It is the official opposition nationally. It is strong in the two small provinces. It is legally ultra-conservative and economically socialist. It strongly opposes US military presence in Pakistan.
6. Awami National Party
In 1986, the National Democratic Party merged with several other progressive political and nationalist groups to form the Awami National Party. Abdul Wali Khan was elected as its president and Sindhi nationalist Rasul Bakh Palijo was elected its secretary general. Abdul Wali Khan is the son of Pashtun non-violence advocate, Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan, who was a friend of Mahatma Gandhi.
The strongholds of ANP are in the Pashtun areas of Pakistan, particularly the North-West Frontier Province.

Minor parties
• Awami Muslim League
• Awami Qiadat Party
• Awami Tehreek
• Balawaristan National Front (Gilgit Baltistan)
• Balochistan National Congress
• Balochistan National Democratic Party
• Balochistan National Party
• Balochistan National Movement
• Combined Opposition Party (Pakistan) (COPP)
• Communist Party of Pakistan
• Communist Mazdoor Kissan Party
• Federal National Movement
• Green Party of Pakistan
• Hazara Qumi Mahaz (HQM)
• Istiqlal Party
• Jamiat Ulema-e-Pakistan (Nifaz-e-Shariat)
• Jamhoori Wattan Party
• Jamote Qaumi Movement
• Jeay Sindh Qaumi Mehaz
• Kakar Jamhoori Party
• Khaksar Tehrik
• Markazi Jamaat Ahle Hadieth
• Millat Party
• Mohajir Ittehad Tehrik
• Mohib-e-Wattan Nowjawan Inqilabion Ki Anjuman
• Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal (MMA)
• National People's Party (NPP)
• National Workers Party
• Nizam-e-Mustafa Party
• Pak Wattan Party
• Pak Muslim Alliance
• Pakhtunkhwa Milli Awami Party
• Pakistan Awami Tehrik
• Pakistan Awami Tehrik-e-Inqilab
• Pakistan Chritian Congress (PCC)
• Pakistan Democratic Party
• Pakistan Freedom Party
• Pakistan Gharib Party
• Pakistan Ittehad Tehreek
• Pakistan Mazdoor Kissan Party
• Pakistan Muslim League (F)
• Pakistan Muslim League (Jinnah)
• Pakistan Muslim League (Junejo) (also known as PML Junejo)
• Pakistan Muslim League(Z)
• Pakistan People's Party (S)
• Pakistan Progressive Party
• Pakistan Qaumi League
• Pakistan Seriaki Party
• Pakistan Social Democratic Party
• Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf
• Pakistan Workers Party
• Pasban (Voice Against Injustice) (Altaf Shakoor)
• Pukhtoonkhwa Qaumi Party
• Qaumi Inqilab Party
• Qaumi Jamhoori Party
• Qaumi Tahaffaz Party
• Republican Party (Pakistan)
• Saraiki Sooba Movement Pakistan
• Shan-e-Pakistan Party
• Sindh Democratic Alliance
• Sindh National Front
• Sindh National Party
• Sindh Taraqi Pasand Party
• Sindh Urban-Rural Alliance
• Sunni Tehreek
• Tameer-e-Pakistan Party
• Tehreek Hussainia Pakistan
• Tehreek Jamhoriat Pakistan
• Tehrik-e-Istiqlal
• Tehrik-e-Masawaat
• Tehreik Jafria Pakitan