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Islam Invite to the Way of your Lord with wisdom and fair preaching, and argue with them in a way that is better. Truly, your Lord knows best who has gone astray from His Path, and He is the Best Aware of those who are guided." Holy Qur'an 16:125

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  #301  
Old Monday, September 26, 2011
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Umar Bin Al Khattab: The Best of Friends

In old, worn out shabby looking clothes, Amir Al-Mu’minin, Ali Bin Abi Taleb, sat saying grace to Allah. Abu Mariam, one of the servants, sat on his knees close to Ali and whispered: “Amir Al-Mu’minin, I have something to ask of you.” Ali said: “What is it that you want to ask?”

Abu Mariam said: “That you throw away the clothes you are wearing. They are old and ripped and do not go well with your position.” Ali Bin Abi Taleb put the tip of his clothes on his eyes and started to cry until his weeping was loud. In embarrassment, Abu Mariam said: “O Amir Al-Mu’minin, if I knew that it meant so much to you I would not have asked you to take it off.” Ali said while wiping his tears: “O Abu Mariam, my love for this jacket is increasing. It was a gift from my friend and beloved companion.” Oddly, Abu Mariam asked: “And who is this friend of yours O Amir?” Ali said: “ ‘Umar Ibn Al Khattab. He was the best of friends.” He then started to weep once again until the sound of his suppressed cries could be heard from afar.

Source:Translated from "100 Stories from the Life of Ali Bin Abi Taleb" by Muhammad Sedeeq Al Minshawi, Dar Al Fadeela Publishing, 2002.
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Umar Bin Al Khattab: ''To the hill Sariya, To the Hill!''

One Friday, while leading the congregational (Juma'a) prayer in the Great Mosque at Medina, Umar Bin Al Khattab suddenly started shouting "To the hill Sariya! To the hill!!" Those who were in the mosque with Umar asked him what the matter was..

Umar explained that a group of enemies was about to attack the Muslims --led by a man whose name was Sariya-- during one of their expeditions in Persia. Foreseeing the danger he wanted to warn Sariya to rush back to the hill where he and his men would be safe and win the battle. Several weeks after the incident, a messenger from the battle field brought the news of the Muslim's victory. He also related how the voice of the Caliph had warned them in time. By that miracle, Sariya had heard Omar's warning and led his men to the hill to a position of safety where they had easily defeated the enemy . In this incident, we see that by the Grace of Allah (swt), Umar has a vision that shows him the army in danger hence shouting his directions to the leader who by the Grace of Allah (swt) heard this shout hundreds of miles away and acted upon it.

Source:Al-Isabah by Ibn Hajar
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Umar's Deen: In Sahih Al-Bukhari,

the Prophet (sas) bore witness to the superiority of Umar ibn Al-Khattab in his deen, saying: "While I was sleeping, I saw the people being presented to me. Each of them was wearing a shirt. Some reached to their breast and some reached farther than that. Then Umar was shown to me with his shirt reaching all the way to the ground." They asked: 'How do you interpret it, Allah's Messenger?' He said: 'Ad-deen (practice)'"

From Sahih Al-Bukhari,

the Prophet (sas) said: 'While sleeping, I drank - meaning milk - until I saw springs coming from my fingernails. Then, I gave Umar some to drink.' They said: 'How do you interpret it, Allah's Messenger?' He said: 'Knowledge.'

Umar's Knowledge:

Umar was among the very few most knowledgeable of the Companions coming only after Abu Bakr. He took his knowledge straight from Allah's Messenger (sas), who bore witness to Umar's position and his knowledge. Those who accuse Umar and others of betraying Islam, "stealing" the Caliphate, etc. should fear Allah in giving the lie to the clear testimony of Allah's Messenger (sas) himself.

Umar's Power and Personal Strength:

Umar was a person of great individual strength and fortitude. He was one of the two 'Umars' which the Prophet (sas) asked Allah to bless Islam with before he had become Muslim.

In Sahih Al-Bukhari,

the Prophet (sas) said: "While sleeping, I saw myself at a well on which there was a water bucket. I took from the well the amount which Allah wished. Then, Abu Bakr took the bucket and took out a bucket or two and in his drawing of water was weakness - and Allah forgive him his weakness. Then it (the bucket) was transformed into a huge barrel. Umar took this barrel and began drawing water. I never saw any leader among the people who could pull the water like Umar ibn Al-Khattab until the people sent their camels to their pens." The meaning of "sent their camels to their pens" is that that the people got all the water they needed for themselves and for all of their animals until their camels were fully loaded with water.


From At-Tirmidhi,

the Prophet (sas) said: "Allah has placed the truth on the tongue of Umar and on his heart."
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  #304  
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Awareness of the Companions of Umar's Position Among Them: "During the time of the Prophet (sas), we never equated anyone with Abu Bakr then Umar then Uthman. We left the remainder of the Companions of the Prophet (sas) and never made comparisons between them."
(Abu Daud - sahih)

Great Respect of the Prophet for Umar: In Sahih Al-Bukhari,

the Prophet (sas) said: "While I was sleeping I saw myself in paradise. Then there was a woman making wudhuu by the side of a palace. I said: 'Whose is this palace?'. They said: 'It is Umar's.' I remembered the jealousy of Umar and I turned to leave. Then, Umar cried and said: 'Could I be jealous over you, Messenger of Allah?!'".

The Iman of Umar:

The Prophet (sas) taught us that to a true believer Allah and His Messenger (sas) are more beloved than all else, including ones on self/life. In Sahih Al-Bukhari, Abdullah ibn Hisham reports: "We were with the Prophet (sas) and he took the hand of Umar ibn Al-Khattab. Umar said to the Prophet (sas): 'O Allah's Messenger, you are dearer to me than all else except for myself.' The Prophet (sas) said to him: 'No, by the One in whose hand my soul is not until I am dearer to you than even your self.' Umar said: 'Now, by Allah, you are dearer to me than my own self.' The Prophet (sas) said: 'Now, O Umar.'"
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  #305  
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Saying of Umar the great

As `Umar's head lay in Ibn `Umar's lap after his stabbing he said to him: "Lay my cheek on the ground." Then he said: "Woe to me, my mother’s woe to me if my Lord does not grant me mercy!" The next morning al-Miswar woke him for the dawn prayer. `Umar rose saying: "Yes, and there is no part in Islam for whoever leaves prayer." He prayed bleeding from his wounds.

From Malik al-Dar: The people suffered a drought in `Umar’s khilafa, whereupon a man came to the grave of the Prophet and said: "O Messenger of Allah! Ask for rain for your Community, for verily they have but perished." After this the Prophet appeared to him in a dream and told him: "Go to `Umar and give him my greeting, then tell him that they will be watered. Tell him: Be clever!" The man went and told `Umar. The latter said: "My Lord! I spare no effort except in what escapes my power."

From `Urwa ibn al-Zubayr: "Know that greed is poverty and despair sufficiency. When a man despairs of something, he does without it."

From al-Sha`bi: "By Allah! My heart has softened for Allah’s sake until it became softer than butter, and it has hardened for Allah’s sake until it became harder than stone."

From `Awn ibn `Abd Allah ibn `Utba: "Sit with the Oft-Repentent , for they are the softest-hearted of people."

From Aslam, `Umar's freedman: "Be the vessels of the Book and the well-springs of the Science, and ask Allah for your sustenance day by day."

From Dawud ibn `Ali: "If a sheep dies on the shore of the Euphrates I fear lest Allah ask me to account for it on the Day of Resurrection."

From Yahya ibn Abi Kathir: "If it were announced from the heaven: O people! You are all entering Paradise except one, I would fear to be he; and if it were announced: O people! You are all entering the Fire except one,I would hope to be he."

From al-Aswad ibn Hilal al-Muharibi: When `Umar was made Caliph he stood on the pulpit and said: "O people! I am going to invoke Allah, therefore say. O Allah! I am coarse, so make me soft, and I am stingy, so make me generous, and I am weak, so make me strong."

From `Abd Allah ibn `Umar: "[After `Umar's death] I saw a palace in my sleep, and was told it belonged to `Umar ibn al-Khattab. Then I saw him come out of it, wearing a cover as if he had just bathed. I said: How did you fare? He said:Well, although I would have fallen from my place if I had not found a forgiving Lord. Then he asked: How long since I have left you? I said: Twelve years.He said: I only just finished rendering account."

Book Reference :
Abu Nu`aym, Hilya al-Awliya 1:73-92; al-Dhahabi, Siyar A`lam al-Nubala 1/2:509-565 #3; Shibli Nu`mani, `Umar The Great 2:336-338.
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  #306  
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Anas said: "I heard `Umar say as he was alone behind a wall: By Allah! You shall certainly fear Allah, O son of al-Khattab, or He will punish you!"

From `Amir ibn Rabi`a: "I saw `Umar pick up a straw from the ground and say: Would that I were this straw! Would that I were nothing! Would that my mother never bore me"

Jabir said that he heard `Umar ibn al-Khattab say on the pulpit when he married Umm Kulthum, the daughter of `Ali and Fatima: "Do not disparage me [for marrying a young girl], for I heard the Prophet say: On the Judgment Day every means will be cut off and every lineage severed except my lineage. He desired to place himself in the Prophet's lineage through this marriage due to the precedence of Ahl al-Bayt in the Prophet's intercession. Umm Kulthum bore him two children, Zayd and Ruqayya.

From `Ubayd Allah ibn `Umar ibn Hafs: `Umar was see carrying a slaughtered animal on his back. He was asked why, and he replied: "I was infatuated with myself and wanted to humble myself." Al-Hasan narrated: "`Umar gave a sermon when he was Caliph wearing a waist-wrap patched in twelve places."


Book Reference :
Abu Nu`aym, Hilya al-Awliya 1:73-92; al-Dhahabi, Siyar A`lam al-Nubala 1/2:509-565 #3; Shibli Nu`mani, `Umar The Great 2:336-338.
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  #307  
Old Tuesday, September 27, 2011
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Caliph Umar(ra) Innovations:

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Establishment of Bayt al-mal or public treasury.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Establishment of courts of justice and appointment of judges.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: The determination of the Hijra calendar which continues to this day.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Assumption of the title of Amir al-Muaminin.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Organization of the War Department.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Putting army reserves on the payroll.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Establishment of the Land Revenue Department.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Survey and assessment of lands.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: The census.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Building of Canals.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Founding of the cities of Kufa, Basra, al-Jazira, Fustat, and Musal.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Division of conquered countries into provinces.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Imposition of customs duties.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Taxation of the produce of the sea and appointment of officials for its collection.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Permission to traders of foreign lands to trade in the country.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Organization of jails.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Use of the whip.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Making rounds at night to inquire into the condition of the people.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Distinction of pedigree and non-pedigree horses.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Employment of secret reports and emissaries.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Rest-houses on the way from Mecca to Madina for the comfort of travellers.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Provision for the care and bringing up of foundlings.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Organization of guest-houses in different cities.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: The ruling that Arabs, whether Muslims or non-Muslims, could not be made slaves.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Stipends for the poor among the Jews and the Christians.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Establishment of schools.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Stipends for school teachers and public lecturers.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Persuading Abu Bakr to collect the Quran and execution of the work under his own care.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Formulation of the principle of qiyas or judicial analogy.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: More exact division of inheritance.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Insertion of the formula "Prayer is better that sleep" in the call to the dawn prayer. However, as stated before, the more correct report is that it is Bilal who first inserted the formula in the call to the dawn prayer and the Prophet retained it.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Ordaining the holding of tarawih prayers in congregation.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Three divorces pronounced at one session declared binding

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Provision of the punishment for drunkenness with eighty stripes

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Levy of zakat on horses of merchandise

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Levy of zakat on the Christians of Bani Taghlab in lieu of jizya.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Method of making trusts

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Consensus of opinion on four takbirs in funeral prayers

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Organization of sermons in mosques

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Giving salaries to imams and mujadhdhins.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Provision of light in mosques at night

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Provision of punishment for writing satires and lampoons.

Caliph Umar's (r.a.) innovations included: Probibition of the mention of women's names in lyric poems although the custom was very ancient in Arabia.
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  #308  
Old Wednesday, September 28, 2011
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Rumor Of Divorce By The Holy Prophet

In Madina, Umar lived in an elevated part of the city. His neighbor was Banu Umayya bin Zaid Ansari. The practice was that one day Umar attended the Holy Prophet, and informed his Ansari friend about all that had happened in the Prophet's Mosque. The other day Banu Umayya attended the Prophet's Mosque and on return informed Umar of all that had happened that day.

Umar felt that while in Mecca the Quraishites dominated over their women, in Madina things had changed, and the women asserted themselves. One day Umar was cross with his wife on some matter, but instead of being quiet she retorted, "How is it that you feel annoyed at my remonstrance. Go and see that the wives of the Holy Prophet remonstrate with the Holy Prophet. Tonight one of his wives quarreled with him all the night."

Hearing this, Umar went to his daughter Hafsa and enquired of her whether she had quarreled with the Holy Prophet. She said that she had quarreled with the Holy Prophet as she had a grievance. Thereupon Umar said, "Hafsa you are incurring loss. Don't you know by annoying the Holy Prophet you invite the wrath of God." After reprimanding her in severe terms, Umar returned home.

At night, the Ansari neighbor of Umar knocked at his door, and as Umar went to see what was the matter, his friend told him that something very grave had happened. Umar thought that perhaps Banu Ghassan whose attack was expected had invaded Madina. Umar enquired whether Banu Ghassan had launched the attack. Banu Umaya said, "No. Something more serious than that has happened". When Umar pressed him to tell what had happened he said that the Holy Prophet had divorced his wives.

Umar was very much upset at the news. He spent the whole night in prayer. Early in the morning next day, Umar went to Hafsa. He found her weeping. He enquired of her whether the Holy Prophet had divorced her. She said that she did not know. Umar rebuked her saying. "Did I not warn you before hand that by annoying the Holy Prophet you would be inviting trouble?" Thereupon Hafsa burst into violent sobs. Umar left her weeping and went to the Prophet's Mosque. There the people were sitting in groups here and there and were lamenting that the Holy Prophet had divorced his wives.

The Holy Prophet was in the cell attached to the Mosque. Umar went to the cell, and asked the slave at the door to seek the Holy Prophet's permission to his admittance. The slave returned to say that he had sought the requisite permission from the Holy Prophet but he had kept quiet.

Umar returned to the main hall of the Mosque, and sat in a corner in a dejected mood. After some time he rose and went again to the ceil of the Holy Prophet. Once again he requested the slave to get permission for his admittance. The slave returned to say that the Holy Prophet had made no reply

Umar returned once again to the main hall of the Mosque. He was highly upset and he prayed to God for mercy. Then once again he went to the cell of the Holy Prophet. This time he was allowed permission. Entering the cell, Umar said:

"O Messenger of God, I have not come to plead for Hafsa.

If that is your pleasure I would wring her neck with my own hands."

That softened the Holy Prophet and he smiled at the words of Umar.

Umar further said, "I find that in Mecca our ladies were docile; the climate of Madina has made them assertive. O Prophet of God if because of the impudence of your wives, you have divorced them, God, His angels, and all your followers are with you."

The Holy Prophet smiled and said, "Be assured, I have not divorced my wives. I have only decided to remain separate from them for a period of one month."

"Then may I tell so to Hafsa", said Umar.

The Holy Prophet said. "You may, if you like".

Umar cast a glance across the room. The Holy Prophet lay on a bare mat. There was no furniture in the room. There was hardly anything for the Holy Prophet to eat, but a barley bread. Seeing this extreme state of austerity, tears began to trickle from the eyes of Umar.

The Holy Prophet said, "Ibn-i-Khattab, what makes you weep ?"

Umar said, "You are the Prophet of God and you are living in such straitened circumstances. The people of Persia and Byzantine live in luxury. O Prophet of God why don't you pray to God that he should bestow wealth on you?"

The Holy Prophet said. "Do you think He Who made me His Prophet could not make me wealthy. Indeed He offered me the keys of all treasures in the world, but I refused them in return for the treasures in the next world. Surely treasures in the next world are to be preferred to petty wealth in this world. And as for the riches of Persia and Byzantine rest assured all such wealth will lie at the feet of the Muslims. I will not be alive then, but in your lifetime, both Persia and Byzantine will be overpowered by the Muslims."
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  #309  
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When Gabriel Appeared In The Shape Of A Man

Umar stated that one day when he and some other companions were with God's Messenger, a man with very white clothing and very black hair came up. Sitting down beside the Holy Prophet leaning his knees against his, and placing his hands on his thighs he said, "Tell me Muhammad about Islam."

The Holy Prophet said, " Islam means that you should testify that there is no god but Allah; that Muhammad is God's Messenger; that you should observe the prayer, pay the Zakat, fast during Ramadan, and make the pilgrimage to the House of God, if you have the means".

The visitor said "You have spoken the truth. Now tell me about faith "

The Holy Prophet said, "It means that you should believe in Allah, His angels, His books, His Apostles, and the last day, and that you should believe in the decreeing both of good and evil."

The man said that that was true. He then asked, "Now tell me about doing good."

The Holy Prophet said, "It means that you should worship Allah as if you are seeing Him, and if you aye not seeing him (perceive) that He is in fact seeing you."

The man accepted the statement as correct. He next asked, "Now tell me about the Hour".

The Holy Prophet said, "The one who is asked about is no better informed than the one who is asking".

Thereupon the man said, "Then tell me about its signs".

The Holy Prophet replied, "The signs are that a maid servant should beget her mistress, and that you should see barefooted naked poor men and shepherds exulting themselves in buildings."

The visitor felt satisfied then he sought leave to depart and as soon as leave was given he disappeared Umar who was present wondered who was the visitor.

Turning to Umar, the Holy Prophet said, "Do you know who was the visitor?"

Umar replied that he did not know.

Thereupon the Holy Prophet said, "He was Gabriel, who came to you to teach your religion."
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Tidings Of Paradise

It is related by Abu Huraira that once he along with other companions including Abu Bakr and Umar were sitting with the Holy Prophet. The Holy Prophet rose from their midst and went to the garden of Ansar Banu Najjar.

The return of the Holy Prophet was delayed, and his companions felt anxious. Abu Huraira was the first to proceed to the garden of Banu Najjar. There he found no gate. He managed to go inside the garden through a drain.

Seeing him, the Holy Prophet said, "Abu Huraira what brings you here?"

Abu Huraira said, "You took long to return and we felt worried. So we have come after you".

Thereafter the Holy Prophet gave him his shoes and said, "Go carrying these shoes outside the garden, and whomsoever you meet who declares the article of faith with the sincerity of heart, give him the tidings of Paradise."

As Abu Huraira came out of the garden carrying the shoes of the Holy Prophet, the first person to meet him was Umar.

Umar said to Abu Huraira, "Why are you carrying the shoes of the Holy Prophet ?"

Abu Huraira said, "I am carrying these shoes under the command of the Holy Prophet. I have been commissioned to give the tidings of Paradise to whomsoever I meet, while carrying these shoes, who declares that he believes in the article of faith with sincerity of heart."

Umar felt angry. He handled Abu Huraira rather violently and said, "No such tidings are necessary. Abu Huraira go back."

As Abu Huraira went back to the Holy Prophet, he complained against Umar, and said that Umar had obstructed him in the performance of the mission that the Holy Prophet had entrusted to him.

In the meantime Umar also turned up. Seeing him, the Holy Prophet said, "Why did you behave rudely to Abu Huraira?"

Umar said "May my parents be a sacrifice to you Holy Prophet. The truth of the matter is that he intended to give the tidings of Paradise to all Muslims irrespective of their conduct. That would have been repugnant to the injunctions of Islam which makes admission to Paradise contingent by doing good. Holy Prophet, do not issue permits for the Paradise. Let the people do their duties. If they are assured of Paradise before hand there is the danger that they would relax in the performance of their obligations."

The Holy Prophet said, "Alright, let the Muslims perform their obligations."
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