Note: Attempt in English language only. Attempt any FIVE questions from the following. All questions carry equal marks.

Q.1. Are public organizations different from business organizations? Please answer your question in view of the concepts, approaches and values of public administration in a society. Support your answer with relevant practices of Public Administration.

Q.2. Budgeting is an important aspect of public organizations, discuss its role, types and process with special focus on financial accountability and performance in public sector organizations.

Q.3. Change is inevitable for contemporary organizations, discuss its importance with reference to administrative reform introduced around the world including Pakistan. Support your view with relevant examples.

Q.4. Define the term ‘Good Governance’ and its salient features. To what extent do you think the existing bureaucratic structure of Pakistani public organizations facilitate or impede the practice of the concept in public sector organizations?

Q.5. What is meant by ‘Decision Making’? Define the process of making decisions in public sector organizations. Identify major issues and challenges in public sector Decision Making and implementation using Pakistani public organizations as a case in point.

Q.6. Define the term ‘Motivation’ and its key process. Discuss major issues and challenges in Public Service Motivation as discussed in the literature with specific reference to Pakistan and suggest ways to enhance motivation level of employees in public sector organizations.

Q.7. Discuss importance of inter-governmental relations for effective governance, critically evaluate the role of local government in this regard. Support your view with relevant examples.

Q.8. Civil Society organizations are viewed as partners in the process of development, discuss their role and importance in developing countries using a good governance perspective.

Note: Attempt in English language only. Attempt any FIVE questions from the following. All questions carry equal marks.

Q.1. Balancing autonomy and control of autonomous public organizations is one of the major issues of public management. Discuss this issue with reference to federal public sector organizations operating in various policy sectors.

Q.2. Assess and evaluate the functioning of National Finance Commission to effectively address the issues related inter-governmental relations in Pakistan. Suggest measure to improve its performance.

Q.3. Critically evaluate the major public management reform initiative taken by federal and provincial governments in the last two decades.

Q.4. Discuss the role of international institutions in development policy and management in the context of Pakistan.

Q.5. Sate-owned enterprises are currently viewed as a burden on the treasury of Pakistan. Do you think privatization of major SoEs is the only solution? Illustrate your view with relevant examples.

Q.6. Inefficiency and corruption are two major issues of public governance and administration in Pakistan. How can these issues be addressed through reforming financial administrative system of Pakistan?

Q.7. Does gender matter in the career progression of civil servants in Pakistan? Please discuss with specific examples.

Q.8. Critically evaluate the present system of local government in Punjab, discuss key issues and challenges and suggest ways for improvement of the system.

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