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Old Wednesday, February 02, 2011
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The World Economic Forum

is an independent international organization committed to improving the state of the world by engaging business, political, academic and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agendas.

Headquarters: Cologny, Geneva, Switzerland


David Howell Petraeus

A United States Army general who serves as the current Commander, International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) and Commander, U.S. Forces Afghanistan (USFOR-A).


Michael Glenn "Mike" Mullen

A United States Navy admiral who currently serves as the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (CJCS).


The Panama Canal


It is a 77 km (48 mi) ship canal in Panama that joins the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean and is a key conduit for international maritime trade.


The Suez Canal


It is an artificial sea-level waterway in Egypt, connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Red Sea. Opened in November 1869, it allows water transportation between Europe and Asia without navigation around Africa.


The Republic of Madagascar/Madagascar Island

It is the biggest island nation in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa. The main island, also called Madagascar, is the fourth-largest island in the world.


The World Bank

It is an international financial institution that provides loans to developing countries for capital programmes. The World Bank has a goal of reducing poverty:

Location Washington DC
Membership
187 countries
President
Robert B. Zoellick


The International Monetary Fund (IMF)

It is the intergovernmental organization that oversees the global financial system by following the macroeconomic policies of its member countries, in particular those with an impact on exchange rate and the balance of payments.

Location Washington DC
Membership 187 countries
Managing Director: Dominique Strauss-Kahn


The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)

It is an intergovernmental organization of states considering themselves not aligned formally with or against any major power bloc. As of 2010, the organization has 118 members and 18 observer countries.

Secretary-General Hosni Mubarak
Establishment 1961 in Belgrade

The founding fathers of the Non-aligned movement were: Sukarno of Indonesia, Jawaharlal Nehru of India, and Josip Broz Tito of Yugoslavia, Gamal Abdul Nasser of Egypt and Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana. Their actions were known as 'The Initiative of Five'.


New permanent member proposals in UNSC

One proposed change is to admit more members: the candidates usually mentioned are Japan, Germany, India and Brazil (the G4 nations). Britain, France and Russia support G4 membership in the UN Security Council. Italy has always opposed this kind of reform, and has submitted since 1992 another proposal, together with other countries, based on the introduction of semi-permanent membership; In addition South Korea opposed Japan; Pakistan opposes India; and Mexico and Argentina oppose Brazil, a Portuguese-speaking country in a largely Spanish-speaking Latin America. All these countries have traditionally grouped themselves in the so-called Coffee Club; officially Uniting for Consensus.


The 2010 Nobel Peace Prize

Was awarded to imprisoned Chinese human rights activist Liu Xiaobo "for his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China".

2010 Noble Prize in Literature

Was awarded to Mario Vargas Llosa (Peru) "for his cartography of structures of power and his trenchant images of the individual's resistance, revolt, and defeat"

Pakistan Borders: (CIA Factbook)

Afghanistan 2,430 km,
China 523 km,
India 2,912 km,
Iran 909 km

Total Coastline of Pakistan:

1,046 km

Maritime claims:

territorial sea: 12 nm
contiguous zone: 24 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
continental shelf: 200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin
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