Originally Buddha's teachings were not written and were circulated orally for numerous centuries. After many years of Buddha's death they were finally written down in two traditions- the Pali canon of the Theravada tradition and the Sanskrit canon of the Northern Mahayana Tradition . The Pali canon consisted of three following baskets or works -

The Sutra Pitaka
The Vinaya Pitaka
The Abhidharma Pitaka


The Sutra Pitaka contains the sermons of Buddha, the Vinaya Pataka describes the codes of monastic discipline and the origin of Sangha while the Abhidharma Pitaka consists of educational treatises on Buddhist philosophy and psychology.

All these three works were together compiled and documented in a collection known as Tripitaka( meaning baskets).

Apart from this, the Jatakas are also famous religious texts of Buddhism. These are originally fables that tell us about the past incarnations of Buddha.

Source: Buddhist Religious Books