Isnaaf e Naz'm ka Taa'ruf
Isnaaf e Naz'm ka Taa'ruf
1. Hamm'd
2. Naat
3 . Qaseeda
4. Muss'adas
5. Mukh'amis
6. Mashvini
7. Marsia
8. Ghazal
9. Qatta
10. Naz'm
11. Azaad Naz'm
12. Rubaaye
1. Hamm'd
Hamm'd k maani hain " Tareef kerna". Laiken istallah mein Hamm'd is nazm ko kahtay hain "jo Allah Tuaa'la ki azmat aur kibraai bayan kernay mein likhe jaae". Hamm'd ka mozo buht wasee aur motno'o hai. Aur is ki wusast ki koi had nai. kion k Allah Tuaa'la ki azmat bayan kernay k liye ager saray dar'kht qalm aur sary sumander sayahe ban jaein tab bhi insani adraak k liye na - mumkin hai k Allah Tubarik Tuaa'la ki tareef o toseef ker sakay.
Agaaz o Irtaqa
Urdu mein Hamm'd ka agaaz usi waqt ho gaya tha jab urdu adab ki ibtada hue. Urdu adab k her shaair ne Hamm'd e baari k ashaar likhay hain. Musalman shua'ra to isay muzhbi fareeza samjh ker likhtay hain , Laiken hindu shuaara nae bi is iltazaam ko barqrar rakha hai. chuna'chay Gulzar Naseem, K ibtadaye ashaar is k saboot mein paish kiye ja saktay hain.
Dard, Anees, Haali, Isma'el Mairthi, Zafer Ali Khan aur Iqbal K bad aj k Hamm'd nigaron mein se chand k name ye hain:
Abdul Aziz khalid, Arif Abdul Mateen, Hafeez Tai'eb, Wasif Ali Wasif, Hafeez Saqique, At'har Saqique, Ameen Naqvi.
2. Naat
Naat ka lugwi maani hai "kisi shakh's mein achi aur qabil e tareef sifaat ka paya jana aur is safaat ka bayan kerna"- Naat arbi zuban ka lafz hai, agerchay arbi zuban mein tareef o toseef k liye Hamm'd o Sana aur Mud'ah k alfaz bi aatay hain, laiken istalah mein Naat ka lafz "Rasool Ullah saa'llaha Hu Alaihay Wasalim "ki safaat o sana bayan kernay k liye makhsos kiya gaya hai.
Urdu shaayri ki koi he sinf aise ho ge jis main Naat na kahi gae ho, Qadeem urdu shaura Hamm'd e baari Taa'la k bad Naat paak se apnay deewanon ko muzayyan kiya. aur mas'niviyon mein bi yahi tareek e kaar rawa rakha jata tha. Hamaray dor mein Abdul Aziz khalid ne apnay naatia maj'moon " Faar Qaleet aur Man'hamna" ne mukhtlif hayyaton mein Naat ka kamyab tujarba kiya hai aur deegar shuaara ne bi is ki paerwi ki hai.
Agaaz o Irtaqa
Naat ka aaaz Rasool Ullah Saa'llaha Hu Alaihay Wasalim k zamany me se he ho gaya tha, Sahaba karam ne hubay Nabvi(pbuh) mein sarshar ho k naatia ashaar kahnay shoroo kiye. chuna'chay Umal Mom'een Hazrat Aisha Saqiqa Razi Allah Hu Taa'la Anha aur Hazrat Fatimah Razi Allah Hu Taa'la Anha k elawa Hazrat Abu Bak'r Sadqiue(R.A) , Hazrat Ali (R.A) aur degar sahaba karam k naatia ashaar ab b miltay hain.
Zaheer Bin Kaa'b ka Qaseeda "Laamia " aur Allama Boseeri ka qaseeda "Burda" apnay jazba e ishq ki bina per aik khaas muqam k hamil hain, joon joon Islam phailta gaya, Naat ka riwaj b phailta gaya. chuna'chay Faarsi aur Turki mein naat ka riwaj aam hua, Farsi mein Urfi, Anwari, Saa'di, Roomi, Jaami, Araaqi ne kasrat ne naatia nazmain likhein.
Urdu mein "Ameer mee'naai" aur "Muhsin Kaakorvi " k do naam aisay hain jinhein is sinf main awaleen ka sharf hasil hai. Muhsin Kaakorvi ka tamaam kuliyat naat mein hai, garz k her sinf mein Muhsin Kaakorvii ne naat goyi ka haq ada kiya hai, in k bad Halli ka naam aata hai.
Is k elawa naat likhay walon mein Molana Ahmad Raza khan Braivli, Zafer Ali Khan , Baidam Warsi, Allama Iqbal, Hameed Sadiqui, Hafeez Jhulandhri, Behraaz likh'noi, Muzafar Warsi, Hafiz Mazhar ul Din, Hafiz ludhyanvi, Tahir Shadani, Abid Nazami, At'har Saqique, Hafeez Tai'eb K naam shamil hain.
Dour e jadeed mein urdu k baishtar shaura ka rujhan naat goyi ki tarah ho raha hai, Ye aik naik faal hai, kuch shaura sirf Naat he kahtay hain aur inhon ne kisi dosri sinf e adab ki taraf deehan he nai diya , maslan Hafeez Tai'eb, Hafiz ludhyanvi, Hafiz Mazhar ul Din Wagaira.
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